扎龙湿地植物群落结构及其与土壤因子关系

为了研究扎龙湿地不同植物群落结构以及土壤因子对其驱动作用,采用单位面积取样法进行群落物种调查,用化学分析法测定土壤因子,用Pearson相关分析群落结构参数与土壤因子的关系。结果表明,在7月份,扎龙湿地2个样地4种不同植物群落物种数为6-50种/m~2之间,生物量在176.9-661.0 g/m~2之间,辛普森多样性指数在0.6369-0.9523之间,优势种重要值在161.8-257.1之间,群落物种数和多样性均以缓冲区草甸的杂类草群落最高,核心区干-湿交替带的芦苇群落最低,群落生物量和优势种重要值则正好相反。土壤含盐量、pH和含水量对群落物种组成和多样性具有显著(P0.05)负向驱动,对群落优势种优势度具有显著正向驱动,土壤速效氮、速效磷、有机质、速效钾和含水量对群落生产力具有显著的正向驱动。     

青藏公路沿线土壤的冻融过程及水热分布特征

利用GAME-Tibet野外工作期间所取得的藏北高原不同地点一个年周期土壤温度和含水量资料,初步分析了藏北高原不同地点土壤冻融过程及水热分布特征.表明,藏北高原土壤的冻融过程及水热分布存在较大的时空差异.大多数地点浅层土壤均在10月份左右开始冻结,次年4月份左右开始消融,但不同地点冻结与消融的开始时间及冻结持续时间也有所差别.土壤冻融过程的快慢和土壤温度的时空分布状况与土壤含水量的多少有关.各点土壤含水量的分布并不都是随深度的增加而增加,而是表现出一定的高含水层.这种分布特征对土壤的冻融过程及土壤温度的时空分布有较大影响.在夏季风期间,各点土壤含水量在10 cm的浅层均较高,但也存在空间差异性.此外,地表状况(如积雪等)也对土壤温度的分布有较大影响.     

南充市近郊退化灌丛草坡群落物种多样性与环境因子？…

用灰色系统理论的关联度分析对南充近郊奶化灌丛草坡群落的物种多样性及其与生态历子的相关性进行了研究,基本方法是按典型样方法进行实地取样测定。结果表明南充近郊退化灌丛草坡群落的８个因子对４个多样性指数即香农指数Ｈ,辛普森指数λ,物种丰富度指数Ｎ０,均匀度指数Ｅ１的作用由强到弱的潜在序列为;干扰度〉土壤ｐＨ〉土壤厚度〉土壤含水量〉坡度〉透光度〉大气湿度〉海拔高度。     

火烧对小叶锦鸡儿灌丛土壤呼吸速率的影响

根据远红外气体分析原理,采用LI-6400-09土壤呼吸室于2007年6～9月对土壤呼吸速率进行了测定,比较了未火烧小叶锦鸡儿灌丛与连续两年火烧后小叶锦鸡儿灌丛的土壤呼吸速率及其与各影响因子的关系.结果表明：（1）整个生长季（6～9月）,未火烧小叶锦鸡儿灌丛的土壤呼吸速率高于火烧小叶锦鸡儿灌丛的土壤呼吸速率.二者6月土壤呼吸速率最高,其他月份随时间的推移有所下降.（2）统计分析表明,未火烧小叶锦鸡儿灌丛的土壤呼吸速率与土壤含水量呈显著相关（r=0.522,p〈0.05）,与土壤温度呈负相关,相关性不显著.而火烧锦鸡儿灌丛土壤呼吸速率与土壤含水量极显著相关（r=0.805,p〈0.01）,与土壤温度的相关性不显著.土壤含水量是土壤呼吸的主要限制因子.     

南充市近郊退化灌丛草坡群落物种多样性与环境因子灰色关联度分析

用灰色系统理论的关联度分析对南充近郊退化灌丛草坡群落的物种多样性及其与生态因子的相关性进行了研究．基本方法是按典型样方法进行实地取样测定．结果表明南充近郊退化灌丛草坡群落的８个因子对４个多样性指数即香农指数Ｈ′,辛普森指数λ,物种丰富度指数Ｎ０,均匀度指数Ｅ１的作用由强到弱的潜在序列为：干扰度＞土壤ｐＨ＞土壤厚度＞土壤含水量＞坡度＞透光度＞大气湿度＞海拔高度     

河南省陆栖腹足类初报

整理自1984—1990年从河南省采集的陆栖腹足类标本,已鉴定30种,计前鳃亚纲,中腹足目Ⅰ科2属;肺螺亚纲,柄眼目12科22属。凡注有“*”者为河南省新纪录,注有“**”者为华北新纪录。标本均保存在河南师范大学、生物系。     

南江峡谷公园陆生贝类物种多样性研究

对南江峡谷公园不同生境陆生软体动物的物种多样性进行了研究,在4个不同生境中进行了定量调查和采集,共获5 000余号标本,经鉴定,得65种,隶属于2个亚纲2目11科36属。多样性分析结果表明:4种不同生境的物种丰富度指数DMA的取值范围在1.092~4.492之间,多样性指数H′的范围是0.812~0.903,均匀度指数Jsw为0.250~0.505。根据不同生境物种的相似性系数CC进行系统聚类,4种生境在相似性系数为0.250水平时以被归并为两组,即原生森林组和次生环境组。原生森林一旦遭受彻底破坏,其内原有的陆生贝类物种种类和数量将会显著下降。     

河北雾灵山森林景观蛾类组成与多样性分析

2015年5—9月,通过对河北雾灵山国家级自然保护区7个样点进行森林昆虫多样性普查,初步鉴定得到蛾类昆虫23科436种.针对该结果,使用Simpson多样性指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数、Whittaker多样性指数和Margalef丰富度指数对其中分布较广的11科进行群落多样性分析,结果发现:雾灵山不同生境下蛾类昆虫多样性由大到小依次为针阔混交林带、农田带、寒温性针叶林带;不同海拔条件下物种多样性大小顺序为1 000~1 500m、500m以下、500~1 000m、1 500m以上;不同月份的物种多样性大小顺序为7月、8月、6月和5月.通过对五岔沟不同月份的物种多样性进行单独分析,发现该样点物种多样性情况与保护区整体不同,多样性大小顺序为7月、6月、8月.对不同的环境因素进行β多样性分析,发现蛾类昆虫的多样性受生境影响最大.综上,雾灵山蛾类昆虫的物种多样性和均匀度在各因素下差别不大,表明保护区整体环境良好,受人为干扰影响较小.     

不同海拔珙桐群落乔木物种多样性与土壤因子关系研究

 为探讨珙桐(Davidia involucrata)生长的最适海拔高度及其与土壤性质的关系,研究了四川卧龙自然保护区白泥岗地带不同海拔高度的珙桐群落的植物多样性及其根际土壤性质.结果表明,海拔1700 m的珙桐群落的物种多样性最高,1500~1700 m是适宜珙桐生长的海拔高度.珙桐根际土壤速效磷、速效氮、速效钾、有机质和含水量在3个土层深度上差异显著;整个地区土壤pH值变化范围小.腐殖质层土样1500~1700m 3个海拔土壤养分含量显著高于1800 m和1850 m 2个海拔;淀积层、母质层土壤养分在5个海拔间的变化规律性不强.相关分析表明,速效磷、速效钾和pH值与群落物种多样性无显著相关性,只有淀积层有机质、腐殖质层含水量与群落物种多样性显著相关,母质层速效氮和淀积层、母质层含水量甚至与群落物种多样性显著负相关.     

长白山地森林不同干扰程度土壤动物的群落特征

以长白山地不同干扰程度下的次生针阔混交林、次生阔叶林以及农田为研究对象,探讨了长白山地不同干扰程度下森林土壤动物的群落特征.结果表明:长白山地森林土壤动物的分布因干扰程度的不同而存在差异,随干扰程度的增强,土壤动物群落的个体密度、类群数及多样性均呈现减少的趋势.冗余分析表明土壤有机质、全氮、速效氮、速效磷、土壤温度和土壤含水量对土壤动物群落有重要的影响,多数土壤动物群落与土壤有机质、全氮、速效氮和土壤含水量呈正相关关系,而与全钾、速效磷、锰和土壤温度呈负相关关系.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to