广东地区超长旋挖灌注桩桩端注浆试验

目的分析常规桩和注浆桩的荷载传递特性,对比常规桩和注浆桩在不同桩顶位移下承载力的提高幅度,提出了设计大直径超长单桩极限承载力的建议方法,并验证其适用性.方法通过广东某大桥大直径超长旋挖灌注桩桩端注浆现场试验得出荷载-沉降曲线,根据预埋的应力计测出桩身侧摩阻力值,通过计算得到桩身轴力、桩土相对位移以及桩端位移.结果注浆桩S2的桩端阻力比常规桩S1发挥较早,浆液技术更有利于侧阻和端阻的同步发挥;注浆桩总承载力、侧摩阻力和端阻力提高系数随桩顶位移呈先增大后减小趋势,总承载力和侧摩阻力的提高系数变化平稳,增加速率远远小于端阻力.结论桩端注浆不仅有利于端阻的发挥,还有效减小了桩顶沉降,从而提高单桩极限承载力;常规桩下部土层侧摩阻力和端阻力未达到极限,建议计算时乘以折减系数;桩端注浆桩桩端附近土层的侧摩阻力和桩端阻力均乘一定的增大系数.     

路堤荷载下水泥土搅拌桩复合地基沉降分析

分析路堤荷载下水泥土搅拌桩复合地基的沉降问题,提出桩长小于临界桩长和桩长大于临界桩长2种计算模型.通过假定桩土竖向位移模式和临界桩长范围内桩侧摩阻力、桩土相对位移分布模式,并假定桩侧摩阻力与桩土相对位移之间满足理想弹塑性关系,推导出2种计算模型的桩顶沉降量和桩间土沉降量的计算公式.采用工程试验结果对推导所得的计算公式进行验证.研究结果表明:桩顶、桩间土沉降量的计算值与实测值比较接近,证实该计算方法的合理性.     

桩顶竖向荷载作用下桩土响应的数值分析

为了研究桩土之间的相互作用机理,利用数值方法建立桩土计算模型,分析桩顶荷载作用下桩侧摩阻力分布、桩体轴力分布、中性点位置的变化规律以及桩周土体的位移.研究结果表明:桩侧负摩阻力沿桩身先增大后减小,并逐渐过渡到正摩阻力;随着桩顶荷载的增大,桩侧负摩阻力逐渐减小,中性点位置上移;桩体轴力沿桩身呈现先增大后减小的趋势;受到桩侧摩阻力的作用,位于地表的桩周土体沉降受到一定影响,其影响范围随桩顶荷载的增大而减小.     

采用位移模式的柔性桩单桩荷载传递规律分析

根据桩土的位移协调条件、改进李海芳位移模式和有效桩长的定义,分析桩侧摩阻力在桩顶处最大时的柔性桩单桩荷载传递规律,得到柔性桩的桩身应力、桩侧摩阻力和有效桩长的计算表达式.实例计算结果表明:桩身应力和桩侧摩阻力均是在桩顶处最大,沿桩长的分布形式与试验结果较一致;有效桩长与试验值非常接近,且比段继伟的建议取值稍大.     

自平衡法试验上段桩荷载-位移曲线的解析拟合算法

针对自平衡法试验数据的分析处理,假定桩侧土荷载传递函数符合三折线模型,考虑桩身重力作用的影响,推导出上段桩荷载-位移曲线的解析算式,并给出了由自平衡法试验数据确定桩 土参数的方法.通过2根桩的实测数据初步验证了文中解法的适用性,为由自平衡法试验数据推算桩侧摩阻力和桩身参数、常规顶压桩的荷载-位移曲线提供了一种理论手段.
     

嵌岩灌注桩竖向荷载传递特性现场试验

为探讨不同桩径、不同桩长的旋挖成孔嵌岩灌注桩在不同荷载水平下的荷载传递规律,基于印尼某燃煤电站桩基工程,在6根嵌岩桩桩身安装钢筋应力计进行单桩竖向抗压静载试验。试验结果表明:6根试桩的荷载—位移(Q-s)曲线均为缓变型,没有明显的陡降段,桩顶沉降与桩顶荷载呈非线性关系,回弹率介于37.6%～70.9%之间,残余沉降较小,承载力较高,均满足设计要求;桩身轴力随深度逐渐衰减;随桩顶荷载增加,桩侧摩阻力发挥表现出异步性,最大荷载作用下嵌岩段侧摩阻力达到峰值,6根试桩在嵌岩段的最大侧摩阻力介于136.2～166.4 kPa之间;桩端阻力随荷载水平的增加逐渐增大,在最大荷载作用下,桩径为800 mm的试桩长径比介于19.38～20.13,其桩端阻力分担荷载介于54.8%～55.2%,表现出摩擦端承桩的特性;桩径为600 mm的试桩长径比介于42.17～44.67,其桩端阻力分担的荷载介于30.9%～32.6%,侧摩阻力发挥主要作用,表现出端承摩擦桩特性。试验结果对印尼地区嵌岩灌注桩的应用具有重要意义。     

南京河西地区超长灌注桩承载特性试验研究

为研究南京河西地区大直径超长钻孔灌注桩的承载特性,采用现场荷载试验方法,对该地区3根直径为800 mm,长度超过60.0 m的钻孔灌注桩承载特性及荷载传递机理进行分析.结果表明:试桩的Q-S曲线均呈缓变型,试桩端阻比最大为21.7%,表现为摩擦型桩的特征,桩侧摩阻力与桩端阻力呈现出异步发展的特性.素填土和软弱粘性土发挥极限侧摩阻力所需的桩土相对位移值分别为6.0~9.5 mm和5.5~10.5 mm.软弱土层除了2-1层呈现微弱软化外,其余各层均表现出较小的硬化现象.3-1层粉细砂和4-1层强风化粉细砂岩侧摩阻力随桩土相对位移的增加而增大,最大荷载作用下侧摩阻力仍未完全发挥.试桩桩端压力最大值为5 252.8 k Pa,小于4-2层中等风化粉细砂岩层的地基承载力特征值5 500 k Pa.     

季冻区摩擦单桩承载能力计算分析

为了验证季冻区摩擦单桩的初步设计桩长和检验初步设计参数的准确可靠性,计算了超长桩轴向容许承载力及桩的沉降量,观测了某桥梁桩的顶位移与荷载、基桩极限摩阻力和极限承载力,与理论计算结果进行了对比分析。研究结果表明:理论计算沉降量与实测的误差是6.31%,两组数据基本吻合,说明试桩过程和试桩加载数据合理;试桩受力比较充分,但承载力小于预期极限荷载,说明其实际承载能力对于设计要求来说略显不足;桩侧摩阻力和桩底阻力的发挥程度与桩土之间的变形有关,试桩的桩顶荷载起初由桩侧土承担,在达到一定荷载值时,桩端阻力开始发挥作用,在极限状态时,桩侧摩阻力、桩端阻力发挥都比较充分。     

大口径超深孔桩基轴向静荷载试验研究

针对某桥梁为主跨480 m的双塔组合梁斜拉桥,主桥桥址地质条件复杂,试桩是直径为2.5～2.8 m的变截面钻孔灌注桩,对这种大直径超深钻孔桩基进行轴向静荷载试验.其方法为:采用自平衡法测试方案,荷载箱设置在距桩端最佳位置3.5 m处,试验中在荷载12～56 MN内共设置9个级别;根据试验结果,对桩侧、桩端阻力与桩土相对位移进行拟合分析,同时,对各级荷载下岩层侧摩阻发挥系数c2进行反算,对桩侧各土层试验过程中各类参数进行分析.研究结果表明:荷载为25 MN时对该类桩犁的桩顶位移几乎没有影响,桩身侧摩阻力足以抵抗上部荷载;桩侧各土层实测时间-位移曲线与拟合曲线在加载后期均趋缓,表明桩侧摩阻力基本达到极限.     

汨水河特大桥嵌岩桩承载特性试验研究

基于汨水河特大桥嵌岩桩的现场静载试验报告,对大直径嵌岩桩荷载传递机理进行了深入的现场试验研究.通过基桩的静载试验数据分析,获得了桩顶荷载-位移曲线、桩周岩层侧阻力与位移曲线以及桩侧与桩端阻力分担比等.研究表明:桩身摩阻力不仅受岩层极限摩阻力的影响,同时也受法向应力的影响,由勘探报告所提供的岩层极限侧阻力数值偏小;嵌岩桩嵌岩段承担了大部分桩顶荷载,且嵌岩段摩阻力起主要作用,表现为摩擦桩;在加载过程中桩侧土阻力所占比例逐渐减小,嵌岩段总阻力逐渐增加,最终趋于稳定.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.