从鸡骨中提取骨胶原的酶解工艺研究

以鸡骨为原料,研究了胃蛋白酶酶解提取骨胶原的工艺.原料先用乙醚脱脂,然后用0.5 mol/L的盐酸溶液处理24 h以除去杂质,再以乙酸溶液为酶解溶剂来提取骨胶原.研究结果表明,最佳酶解条件为:温度45℃,乙酸溶液浓度0.7 mol/L,酶解时间36 h.在此工艺条件下,胶原蛋白含量为63.98%,钙含量为39.07 mg/g.     

碱性蛋白酶提取牦牛皮胶原蛋白的工艺研究

为了改变牦牛原料皮传统制革的利用方法,实现其经济效益最大化和利用方式绿色化。文中对牦牛皮的基本组成进行了分析,且通过单因素试验法,并在其基础上设计了正交试验,从效率、资源、能源、经济等方面对碱性蛋白酶提取牦牛皮胶原蛋白的最佳工艺进行了研究。结果表明:牦牛皮中含有丰富的胶原蛋白,占到其干重的74.98%;同时碱性蛋白酶酶解牦牛皮制备胶原蛋白的最佳工艺条件为碱性蛋白酶用量为1.5%、温度36℃、液比1∶35和浸提时间12 h。由此可使碱性蛋白酶提取牦牛皮胶原蛋白的提取率达到68.3%。     

罗非鱼鳞胶原蛋白提取工艺研究

研究用胃蛋白酶从罗非鱼鳞中提取胶原蛋白的工艺。根据测定水解液中羟脯氨酸(HYP)的含量计算胶原蛋白提取率,采用单因素和正交试验确定胃蛋白酶水解鱼鳞制备胶原蛋白的适宜酶解条件。结果表明,采用底物质量分数7%,胃蛋白酶酶解罗非鱼鳞制备胶原蛋白的适宜温度、pH、加酶量、时间分别为65℃、2.0、2%、2 h。在适宜工艺条件下,胶原蛋白提取率可达94.24%。     

梅花鹿茸中胶原蛋白提取制备工艺研究

本研究对梅花鹿茸不溶于任何中等极性溶剂的组分,选取木瓜蛋白酶对不溶性组分进行酶解提取制备梅花鹿茸胶原蛋白,通过单因素和正交试验以梅花鹿茸胶原蛋白提取率为指标确定最优酶解条件为:在10℃条件下,最适酶用量2%、PH值6.0、体积比1:20、酶解时间66h.按此条件提取得到的梅花鹿茸胶原蛋白提取率为54.59%。     

酶解法提取草鱼鱼鳞胶原蛋白的工艺研究

对酶解法提取草鱼鱼鳞胶原蛋白的工艺进行了研究,以胶原蛋白提取率作为评价指标,选择选择酶解温度、pH值、加酶量、酶解时间作为考察因素,进行了正交试验,确定最佳的提取工艺方案为A2B2C3D1,即酶解温度30℃,pH值4,加酶量2％,酶解时间1h.在该条件下草鱼鱼鳞胶原蛋白提取率为92.28％.     

酶法制备鹿骨多肽的工艺研究

目的探讨鹿骨多肽胰蛋白酶酶解的最优工艺.方法采用热水抽提法提取鹿骨中的胶原蛋白,再经胃、胰蛋白酶酶解,制得鹿骨多肽,该实验先以鹿骨蛋白产率为指标,确定了鹿骨蛋白最佳提取时间,再以鹿骨多肽的水解度为指标,通过单因素和正交实验优化鹿骨多肽的胰蛋白酶酶解工艺.结果鹿骨多肽最佳制备条件:底物浓度为4%,酶的用量为7 500 U/g,pH=8. 0,温度37℃,时间为4 h,此时水解度为24. 52%.结论此工艺确定了热水抽提法提取鹿骨蛋白及胃、胰蛋白酶水解制备鹿骨多肽的最优工艺,为分离纯化鹿骨活性肽奠定了基础.     

响应面法优化酶解提取鳊鱼鱼鳞胶原蛋白的工艺研究

采用响应面法对酶解提取鳊鱼鱼鳞胶原蛋白的工艺进行优化。在单因素实验的基础上,根据Box-Behnken实验设计的原理,以酶解温度、pH值、酶解时间为自变量,以胶原蛋白含量为响应值进行响应面优化分析。结果表明:设定的3个影响鱼鳞胶原蛋白提取效果的因素,其影响大小依次为pH值酶解温度酶解时间;优化分析获得鱼鳞胶原蛋白的最佳工艺条件为:酶解温度31.32℃、pH值4.24、酶解时间1.95 h、加酶量1.5%,胶原蛋白的含量为883.64 mg/g。为了方便实际操作,将鱼鳞胶原蛋白的最优工艺条件修正为:酶解温度31℃,pH值4.2,提取时间2 h、加酶量1.5%,实际得到胶原蛋白含量为881.78 mg/g,实验结果与理论值基本吻合,说明模型的可靠性较高。     

大米蛋白水解条件的响应面法优化

运用响应面法优化大米蛋白酶法水解条件,提高大米蛋白水解度和提取率。本研究首先应用单因素实验法分析酶添加量、温度、pH值以及酶解时间对大米蛋白水解的影响;然后在单因素实验基础上,进一步采用Box-Behnken法进行实验设计,考察上述4个因素对大米蛋白水解度和蛋白质提取率的影响。研究结果表明最佳酶解条件为温度62℃,酶添加量2.5%,pH值8.2,酶解时间10.5h,此时大米蛋白的水解度可达到41.5%,蛋白质提取率可达93.1%。研究成果可为酶解制备可溶性大米蛋白肽的工业化应用提供参考。     

褐球固氮菌和荧光假单胞菌原生质体制备条件的研究

为了利用原生质体融合技术获得同时具备固氮、解磷、抑病等活性的多功能菌株,本文对褐球固氮菌A41和荧光假单胞菌P32原生质体的制备条件进行了研究。通过对菌龄、酶解温度、酶浓度、酶解时间等影响因素的正交实验确定了褐球固氮菌A41和假单胞菌P32原生质体制备的最佳条件。实验结果表明,固氮菌A41最佳制备条件为菌龄20h、酶解温度37℃、酶浓度3mg/mL、酶解时间45min;假单胞菌P32最佳制备条件为菌龄20h、酶解温度37℃、酶浓度2mg/mL、酶解时间30min。     

血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)抑制肽的酶法制备

以扇贝裙边的酶解产物——蛋白多肽对ACE活性的抑制率作为控制水解程度的指标,确定制备ACE活性抑制肽的最佳酶种及酶解工艺技术条件.通过胰蛋白酶、胃蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶、复合风味酶、枯草杆菌蛋白酶5种酶酶解扇贝裙边得到的蛋白多肽对ACE抑制能力的比较发现,5种酶在不同酶解时间所得到的酶解蛋白多肽都具有一定的ACE抑制能力,其中胃蛋白酶酶解蛋白多肽的ACE抑制率最高,为91.33%;再经L9(3)4正交实验对胃蛋白酶酶解工艺条件进行优化,确定酶解反应最佳条件是酶量400 U.g-底1物,pH 2.5,温度32℃,底物浓度(原料∶水)1∶2,酶解时间3 h;试验结果还表明,单酶(胃蛋白酶)的酶解蛋白多肽比复合酶(复合风味酶)和双酶(胃蛋白酶 木瓜蛋白酶)的酶解蛋白多肽对ACE活性的抑制能力都强.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.