山区公路长下坡路段货车鼓式制动器温升规律数值分析

结合龙岩典型长下坡事故黑点路段,建立鼓式制动器温升规律有限元热分析模型,对货车鼓式制动器在紧急和持续制动工况下的温升规律和具体路段下重复制动货车鼓式制动器的温升规律进行了深入分析,并进行了实车试验验证.研究结果表明:车辆载重、车辆运行速度、道路坡度、制动鼓比热容是影响制动鼓温升规律的主要因素;实车制动行为与驾驶员心理、车辆运行速度及道路线形条件有密切关系,只有结合具体路段车辆运行状况及制动方式才能相对准确地进行模拟分析实际制动鼓的温升规律;基于运行速度的长下坡路段制动鼓重复制动温升规律模拟是一种可参考使用的方法.     

重型非公路湿式制动器带排特性预测体系

为了提高湿式多片盘式制动器的运行和制动特性,以轮式挖掘机驱动桥湿式多片式盘式制动器为研究对象,针对湿式制动器在非制动运行过程中带排特征现象,通过考虑表面沟槽作用、油膜收缩现象和层流N-S方程,建立湿式制动器带排特性预测体系,研究在不同体积流量、动力黏度和摩擦副间隙下湿式制动器带排转矩和温度变化规律.分析结果表明:在摩擦副间隙为变量情况下,带排特征预测模型摩擦副间隙越大,带排转矩峰值越低;在体积流量为变量情况下,带排转矩预测模型体积流量越大,带排转矩峰值越大;在冷却液动力黏度为变量情况下,带排转矩预测模型冷却液动力黏度越大,带排转矩峰值越大.     

制动器摩擦材料热分解温度的试验研究

借助自制的盘行制动器模拟实验台，对两组制动摩擦副在不同的制动工况下测试摩擦系数随温度的变化规律。在测试结果的基础上分析了制动摩擦副摩擦热的产生，扩散及“热影响表面层”的形成，以对比实验结果为依据，提出了摩擦材料热分解温度的概念及热分解温度对于研制和科学运用摩擦材料的意义。     

长下坡工况中通风制动盘热性能的仿真分析

汽车在长下坡工况中,驾驶员需要通过轻踩刹车,使得汽车维持安全稳定的速度下坡,此时的制动盘处于拖磨的状态,温度会不断上升,极有可能产生制动热衰退的风险.为了研究在长下坡工况中制动盘的温升情况,本文基于fluent仿真软件,对几种不同的坡度、车速和车重的长下坡工况中的通风制动盘的热性能进行仿真分析,得出了制动盘在长下坡拖磨工况中的盘体温度场及温升曲线,确定了坡度、车速和车重增大均使制动盘温升速率增大,而车速增大会使制动盘对流换热加强,最终制动盘温升速率会随时间推移逐渐减小,对设计汽车长下坡工况中制动器性能有参考作用.     

湿式多片式制动器摩擦热温度场分析

本文针对湿式多片式制动器的工作特性,并根据制动过程中摩擦副热传导的物理现象建立了求解湿式制动器摩擦温度场数学模型微分方程;同时为了提高制动效率,制动器设计中应尽可能增加摩擦衬片的接触面积或者接触摩擦副的数量,从而减小制动轴向压力。     

盘式制动器接触压力与热机耦合特性仿真分析

接触压力分布特性和热-机耦合动力学特性对制动器的综合性能具有重要影响。针对某通风盘式制动器,分别以活塞刚性面和钳指刚性面模拟活塞侧和钳指侧制动块的法向力作用,建立了三维瞬态热-机耦合动力学有限单元模型。基于该模型进行紧急制动工况下制动盘和制动块之间的接触压力分布特性、制动块的热-机耦合特性（温度场、应力场与热变形）的仿真计算,并分析了二者之间的相互作用规律。分析表明：摩擦衬片的开槽结构、活塞和钳指的形状会显著影响接触压力分布特性;制动块的瞬态温度场、应力场和热变形具有复杂的时间变化和空间变化规律。     

矿车盘式制动器温度场的数值模拟

采用ABAQUS工程模拟有限元软件对矿车盘式制动器温度场进行数值模拟分析,通过得到不同制动工况下矿车盘式制动器的各摩擦副的温度变化曲线及失效的原因,从而为矿车盘式制动器的设计提供参考依据.     

鼓式制动器瞬态温度场数值模拟计算

依据传热学理论和鼓式制动器的结构特点，分析了鼓式制动器的生热和散热过程，并用有限元法建立了制动鼓瞬态温度场数值模拟计算模型。以EQL092货车后轮鼓式制动器为研究对象，运用ANSYS软件对其制动鼓在持续制动工况下的温升过程进行了数值模拟计算，得出了制动鼓的温度场的三维分布状况，分析了瞬态温度场的变化情况。经过试验验证，计算结果与实测值误差在20％以内。     

实验法求解汽车鼓式制动器对流换热系数

在传热学理论基础上，结合汽车鼓式制动器的结构和工作原理，建立了鼓式制动器热平衡关系式，分析了影响对流换热系数的主要因素。依据对流换热过程的3个相似准则，进行鼓式制动器恒定制动力持续制动实验，测试不同车轮转速条件下的温升过程，并利用最小二乘法拟合曲线，得到汽车鼓式制动器对流换热系数的求解公式。结果表明：实验法求解鼓式制动器的对流换热系数是可行的，运用量纲分析法和相似理论指导实验，能够有效简化实验程序，减少实验工作量。     

制动器摩擦表面温度测量方法的研究

为了研究汽车在制动过程中产生的大量热能而使制动器温度急剧上升对其制动性能的影响,在对制动器摩擦热的产生进行理论分析的基础上,设计了制动器试验台及其温度测量装置。采用以应变片测量技术为基础的集流环测量方式,对制动器温度测量的方法进行研究,并对测量结果进行分析,为将来进一步研究制动器的温度测量问题提供有效的帮助。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.