两亲性嵌段共聚物MPEG-b-PS的合成与表征

以单分散的甲氧基聚乙二醇和α-溴代异丁酰溴为原料,通过酰溴化反应制备了大分子引发剂MPEG-Br,并以此为引发剂,CuCl/2,2’-联吡啶为催化体系,采用原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)方法制得了分子量可控且分子量分布窄的两亲性嵌段共聚物,通过1H-NMR、FT-IR、GPC等测试手段对其结构进行了表征,同时对其反应活性进行了确认.     

二茂铁基梳型聚合物的合成及其离子识别

利用二茂铁单甲酸与草酰氯反应合成二茂铁甲酰氯,再以二茂铁甲酰氯与丙烯酸羟乙酯为原料合成丙烯酸二茂铁甲酰氧基乙酯,然后由聚乙烯醇与2-溴异丁基酰溴反应合成原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)引发剂,引发丙烯酸二茂铁甲酰氧基乙酯进行ATRP聚合.制备了具有梳型结构的聚合物,并对产物进行红外表征,研究聚合物在离子识别方面的应用.结果表明:梳型聚丙烯酸二茂铁甲酰氧基乙酯成功合成,对阴离子H2PO4-有很好的识别能力.     

PMMA微球表面引发的苯乙烯原子转移自由基接枝

以双甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯为交联剂，甲基丙烯酸-2-（α-溴异丁酰氧基）乙酯为功能单体，制备了粒径为18.7nm的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）微球。在溴化亚铜（CuBr）/2，2′-联吡啶的催化下，以该PMMA微球作为苯乙烯原子转移自由基聚合的引发剂，成功进行了苯乙烯的接枝聚合，且聚合过程可控。     

原子转移自由基聚合法合成端氨基聚合物

以溴异丁酸对硝基苄酯为引发剂、溴化亚铜(CuB r)/2,2′-联吡啶为催化体系进行了甲基丙烯酸甲酯的原子转移自由基聚合;以对硝基溴化苄为引发剂、溴化亚铜(CuB r)/2,2′-联吡啶为催化体系进行了苯乙烯的原子转移自由基聚合;将得到的端硝基聚合物进一步还原,制得端氨基聚合物。结果表明,上述两个聚合过程均为活性自由基聚合过程,得到窄分子量分布的聚合物;1H-NMR分析表明,得到的端氨基聚合物链的α端都有1个氨基,ω端都有1个溴原子,还原过程没有破坏原有的聚合物链结构。     

两亲性聚乳酸嵌段共聚物的制备及性能研究

以端羟基聚乳酸和α-溴代丙酰溴为原料，制备了溴端基的聚乳酸；再以其为大分子引发剂，以溴化亚铜/2,2’-联吡啶为催化体系进行N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮的原子转移自由基聚合，制得了两亲性聚乳酸嵌段共聚物。用IR、GPC对聚合物进行了表征，用接触角测定仪测定了聚合物薄膜的水接触角，并考察了不同反应时间对共聚物的特性粘度和吸水率的影响。结果表明，该聚乳酸共聚物的亲水性较聚乳酸均聚物明显增大，TEM证实共聚物在水相中可形成一壳多核球状胶束，进一步佐证了该共聚物具有明显的两亲性。     

聚丙烯酸乙酯-g-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯接枝共聚物的合成

丙烯酸乙酯与2-溴丙烯酸乙酯乳液共聚合制备了聚(丙烯酸乙酯-co-2-溴丙烯酸乙酯)无规共聚物，用该共聚物作为原子转移自由基聚合的大分子引发剂，进行了甲基丙烯酸甲酯的接枝聚合，制备了聚丙烯酸乙酯-g-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯接枝共聚物。接枝共聚物的分子量随单体转化率的上升而线性增加。     

甲基丙烯酸甲酯的室温原子转移自由基聚合研究

以常见的引发(EBiB)和催化体系(CuBr/Bpy)实现了甲基丙烯酸甲酯的室温原子转移自由基聚合,对聚合进行了动力学研究,研究了温度对聚合速率的影响,对聚合物化学结构进行了验证并进行了扩链,结果表明聚合符合原子转移自由基聚合机理。     

1，1，1－三羟甲基丙烷为核的三臂星形聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯的控制合成及表征

通过三羟甲基丙烷和2－溴异丁酰氯反应合成了三臂星型聚合物引发剂,利用原子转移自由基聚合合成了三臂星型的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯,并对引发剂和聚合物的结构进行了^1HNMR和GPC的表征,合成了聚合物分子量分布较窄的端基含溴原子的三臂星状聚合物．     

室温原子转移自由基聚合（RT—ATRP）在合成嵌段共聚物中的应用研究进展

室温原子转移自由基聚合较普通自由基聚合有多方面的优点。综述了室温原子转移自由基聚合在合成油溶性、水溶性及两亲嵌段共聚物方面的研究和应用,对室温原子转移自由基聚合及其在合成嵌段共聚物的应用作了展望。     

对乙烯基苯磺酰氯与苯乙烯的原子转移自由基共聚合制备支化聚苯乙烯

以对乙烯基苯磺酰氯作为引发剂进行了苯乙烯的原子转移自由基聚合，由于对乙烯基苯磺酰氯同时含有可聚合的乙烯基和原子转移自由基聚合引发基团，因此可以得到支化结构的聚苯乙烯。用凝胶渗透色谱对不同对乙烯基苯磺酰氯浓度下所得聚合物的分子量及其分布进行了表征，发现所得聚合物的平均分子量明显大于按照每个对乙烯基苯磺酰氯分子产生一个聚合物链计算的理论分子量，并且分子量呈多峰分布。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.