槐豆胶及与黄原胶复配胶耐盐稳定性研究

在原有研究的基础上,对槐豆胶、黄原胶及槐豆胶与黄原胶复配胶的耐盐特性进行了研究。结果显示：槐豆胶与黄原胶单一胶耐盐性有所差异,其中黄原胶单一胶耐盐性较槐豆胶好,5d内达到稳定,且粘度下降幅度较低;槐豆胶8d达到稳定,粘度下降幅度较大。槐豆胶与黄原胶配伍,其耐盐稳定性明显提高,3d达到稳定,且粘度下降幅度降低。因此,槐豆胶与黄原胶配伍后,一方面可大幅度提高粘度,另一方面可显著提高耐盐稳定性,使成本大幅度降低,达到用量少、成本低和提高使用效果的目的。因此,槐豆胶作为黄原胶的复配食品胶应用于高盐食品中,具有明显的优越性和广阔的应用前景。     

浑浊型玉米汁饮料稳定剂研究

主要对浑浊型玉米饮料稳定剂进行了研究,并确定了最佳稳定刺配方。实验表明：玉米汁饮料经调配后,配以黄原胶0．08％,海藻胶0．15％,CMS—Na0．10％,瓜尔豆胶0．02％,CMC—Na0．08％和单甘酯0．05％,此时所制得的产品稳定性最佳     

果粒悬浮饮料生产工艺研究

对悬浮果粒饮料生产工艺流程中的悬浮剂、防腐剂及色泽3个关键因素进行研究．结果表明：悬浮剂应使用由琼脂、海藻酸钠、黄原胶酯等食品胶复配而成的XC型悬浮剂,且0．2％的酸质量分数及在清水中降温30min凝胶形成效果最佳;悬浮果葡糖浆与苹果汁溶解温度控制在60℃左右,物料定容后成品温度控制在80℃,杀菌10min,并降温至（62±2）℃,防腐剂使用0．02％脱氢醋酸钠与0．08％苯甲酸钠复配型为宜．优化后的工艺条件生产的产品凝胶稳定性好,无色透明,口感好,保质期长．     

增稠剂对热反应香精稳定性的影响

研究了不同增稠剂对热反应香精沉淀率和感官特性的影响。通过单因素实验从海藻酸丙二醇酯（PGA）、黄原胶、羧甲基纤维素钠（CMC—Na）、变性淀粉及瓜尔豆胶等单体增稠剂中选择最佳的3种；然后进行正交试验。结果表明，黄原胶用量0．15％，变性淀粉用量3．0％，CMC—Na用量0．25％时热反应香精的质量和稳定性最佳。     

黄原胶水溶液管道流动减阻特性的试验

对连续循环光滑管道(直径分别为5,10,20 mm)中黄原胶水溶液流动的减阻特性进行了试验,分析了黄原胶减阻的浓度效应、管径效应以及抗剪切特性,得到了减阻率与黄原胶水溶液浓度的关系曲线、雷诺数(Re)与减阻率的影响曲线以及减阻率与剪切时间的变化曲线.结果表明:黄原胶是很好的减阻剂,在较低Re流动时黄原胶在相对较小直径(5,10 mm)管道中表现为B型减阻特性,而在较大管径(20 mm)中则为A型减阻;在高Re时黄原胶水溶液在3种管径管道流动中皆表现为B型减阻,由于其主要具有B型减阻特性,使得黄原胶具有较好的抗剪切特性.     

高效抗溶型泡沫灭火剂的研究

抗溶型泡沫灭火剂的灭火效率,主要取决于抗溶成膜组分和起泡组分。研究了5种水溶性高分子成膜物质(黄原胶、海藻酸钠、羧甲基纤维素、非离子型聚丙烯酰胺和阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺)及其复配物的抗溶性能,以及3种起泡剂(烷基糖苷、十二烷基硫酸钠、月桂丙基甜菜碱)的泡沫性能,并将实验室研制的泡沫液与市售抗溶型泡沫灭火剂进行了对比实验。研究结果表明,黄原胶形成凝胶膜的性能最好;它通过非离子型聚丙烯酰胺改性后,抗溶效果可得到进一步提升,黄原胶和非离子型聚丙烯酰胺最佳的质量分数分别为1.5%和0.5%;3种起泡剂中,烷基糖苷的起泡性能最好,其最佳使用质量分数为20%;具有1.5%黄原胶、0.5%非离子型聚丙烯酰胺和20%烷基糖苷组成的泡沫液具有良好的抗溶性、泡沫稳定性和泡沫寿命,优于市售产品,其在乙醇表面的最大泡沫体积为440mL,15min后残留泡沫体积为400mL。     

4%烟嘧磺隆油悬浮剂制备及其粒度分布的影响因素研究

农药油悬浮剂是很有开发前景的新剂型,从影响油悬浮剂粒度大小的各种因素如溶剂、分散剂及其配比和研磨时间及研磨转速等对4％烟嘧磺隆油悬浮剂制备的加工工艺进行了系统的研究,所得到的4％烟嘧磺隆油悬浮剂的最佳配方为：烟嘧磺隆,4％;分散剂NNO,1．5％;OP-7,1％;农乳0201,1％;黄原胶,0．5％;大豆油和邻苯二甲酸二辛酯补齐到100％;加工过程中砂磨机转速为6000rpm,研磨时间为4—5h;该工艺条件制备的4％烟嘧磺隆油悬浮剂悬浮率为91．2％,在54±2℃条件下热储14d无沉淀和结块以及分层现象出现,有效成分的分解率为1．5％．该剂型质量合格,可以用于工业化生产．     

苦豆子种子多糖与黄原胶的协效性研究

对苦豆子(SophoraalopecuroidesL )种子多糖(苦豆子胶)与黄原胶的协效性进行了研究.结果表明,不同配比的苦豆子胶与黄原胶混合后,其协效性不同,其中苦豆子胶与黄原胶的重量比为7∶3时,二者的协效性最高,混合液的粘度为黄原胶单溶液粘度的2倍左右,混合溶液为非牛顿流体,具有良好的触变性.研究结论是:苦豆子胶可作为黄原胶的复配胶应用于食品等工业领域.     

分层果汁果酱酸奶稳定性的优化

该试验以渗透深度、持水力,黏度为主要指标,制作并优化一种自下而上依次为果酱、酸奶、果汁的新型产品,研究稳定性对分层果汁果酱酸奶品质的影响。结果表明;果酱中0.7%的β-环状糊精、0.6%的海藻酸钠和0.7%的CMC复配使用,果汁中3.3%变性淀粉、0.6%卡拉胶和0.9%黄原胶复配使用,产品的稳定性最好。     

甘蔗糖蜜发酵产黄原胶优良菌株的选育

黄原胶是由野油菜黄单胞菌发酵生产的重要的商业微生物多糖产品,实验通过微波诱变处理保藏菌株,筛选到一株能以甘蔗糖蜜为碳源发酵生产黄原胶的优良正突变株X12,实验结果表明：在初步确定的实验条件下,该菌株发酵生产黄原胶的产量达22.14 g/L,是未诱变菌株20183的1.53倍,传代实验表明,突变菌株X12的黄原胶产量及性状无大变化,遗传性状稳定。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with