严寒地区地铁联络通道冻结法施工监测分析

基于哈尔滨地铁某站的联络通道冻结施工法,对土体温度场进行研究,介绍运用冻结法进行土体加固时温度场的变化规律.运用冻结法对联络隧道四周土体加固时,盐水降温初期土体的温度下降较快,由于土体中水分的潜热影响,0℃附近降温过程会经历一个平台期,温度降至0℃以下,土体温度继续下降,相对于盐水降温初期降温速率变慢.计算出冻结过程中的所需冷量,可为今后类似工程提供参考.     

基于随机介质理论的盾构穿越富水砂卵石地层扰动分析

在富水砂卵石地层进行隧道开挖会诱发地层损失、引起周围建筑变形失稳等问题,为了对富水砂卵石地层中隧道开挖引起的地层扰动进行分析,基于传统随机介质理论推导了地表竖向位移、水平位移、倾斜曲线、横向变形及曲率的计算公式,并以万家丽电力隧道为依托,计算得到了反映地层扰动的位移曲线.研究表明盾构开挖后隧道地表沉降量呈现单峰状态、水...     

砂卵石地层盾构隧道掌子面稳定性理论分析

盾构隧道穿越砂卵石地层掘进施工时,由于砂卵石的地层特性及施工扰动,隧道掌子面容易失稳而引发事故。为研究砂卵石地层盾构隧道掌子面稳定所需的最小支护力,结合砂卵石地层的掌子面失稳模式,在三维Murayama模型的基础上,将掌子面前方土体的滑动面形式假设为对数螺旋滑移线,结合上部松动区域的破坏机制,引入椭球体放矿理论,对传统的棱柱体筒仓模型进行改进,进一步通过极限平衡法推导出砂卵石地层的掌子面极限支护力求解公式;最后通过离散元数值模拟验证所推公式,两者的误差为3.1%。结果表明所得公式可对砂卵石地层的掌子面极限支护力进行较为精确的求解。研究成果以期为砂卵石地层掌子面极限支护力计算理论提供依据。     

穿越不同地层位置的隧道围岩稳定性研究

为研究隧道穿越不同地层位置时围岩的稳定性,以青海东部隧道的施工为案例,采用三维有限元数值计算方法模拟了隧道在穿越黄土层、黄土层和卵石层夹层、卵石层时围岩的稳定性变化规律,通过3种情况下应力场和位移场的对比发现,隧道穿越砂卵石地层时的变形及应力远远大于穿越黄土层,且在隧道穿越卵石层时拱顶出现拉应力;隧道拱底隆起大于拱顶沉降,特别是隧道穿越黄土层拱底隆起远远大于拱顶沉降.因此,隧道应尽量避免穿越砂卵地层;穿越卵石层和黄土层的隧道也要采取相应措施,避免围岩被破坏.     

砂卵石地层浅埋地铁锚杆竖向预加固理论及技术研究

盾构法在隧道施工中的应用越来越普遍,其施工过程不可避免地会引起地层的移动和变形。目前,对砂卵石地层中盾构施工地层变形规律和控制方法研究较少,缺乏可供参考的研究成果。依托砂卵石地层盾构施工现场工程,采用模型计算的手段,探讨了用地表砂浆锚杆对盾构施工隧道地表进行预加固的机理与效果。结果表明,此工程技术可有效提高砂卵石地层开挖段的土体抗剪强度,抑制上部松散地层的下沉滑移;得出浅埋地层锚杆加固深度合理范围,并总结出开挖土体内摩擦角和粘聚力的提高能有效减小开挖面应力的基本规律,从而为今后盾构隧道开挖面稳定性分析提供了新的思路和方法。     

砂卵石富水区域盾构小净距穿越单洞双线暗挖站施工技术

为研究砂卵石富水区域盾构小净距穿越单洞双线暗挖站施工对既有暗挖站的影响,文章以小净距既有暗挖站段新建盾构区间隧道工程为背景,对盾构区间隧道工程施工进行设计,并用MIDAS计算分析程序对砂卵石富水区域盾构小净距穿越单洞双线暗挖站施工过程进行数值计算分析;总结了盾构小净距穿越施工过程中既有暗挖站位移变化规律;研究了既有暗挖站明暗挖分界位置变形缝差异沉降特征;分析了既有暗挖站轨道沉降变化走势;监测结果与仿真结果变化规律基本一致,佐证了仿真计算的可靠性。     

砂卵石地层地铁近接下穿既有盾构区间施工控制技术

为探究地铁暗挖近接施工下穿既有盾构区间加固技术适应性,以成都5号线近接下穿既有3号线为工程背景,提出适应于成都砂卵石地层的预埋注浆加固保护方案,且通过数值模拟研究了不同注浆加固范围的保护效果、注浆过程对隧道结构影响以及对下穿过程规律性进行讨论,并结合现场监测分析.结果表明:既有隧道注浆加固范围扩大,其隧道结构变形呈线性减小,隧道结构纵向沉降槽呈线性缩小,适当增大既有隧道注浆范围可控制其变形量;预埋钢花管注浆加固过程中,浆液压力和土体硬化将导致既有隧道结构竖向产生沉降,水平方向相向靠拢;地铁下穿过程中,既有隧道结构主要产生竖向沉降,先缓慢沉降,隧道穿过后沉降变形突增,再趋于稳定,前期有一定反应阶段;相比既有隧道,近距离的大范围注浆加固导致土体硬化,5号线结构变形预变形阶段极大缩短,反应时间短,施工风险增大.提出二次衬砌工序优化、深孔注浆加固补救措施以及节点位置格栅密排等措施能够降低既有盾构运营风险.     

分离岛式地铁车站交叉洞群施工的周边环境效应分析

为研究分离岛式车站交叉洞群的周边环境效应,以广州市某暗挖地铁车站为工程背景,采用数值模拟的分析方法,建立了正线隧道、联络通道和站台横通道的多洞室数值计算模型,同时考虑左右线隧道穿越不同岩性的地层,有限元模型地层为不均匀地层。通过数值模拟研究了隧道交叉洞群施工引起的地表沉降、围岩应力应变特征、支护变形受荷规律等,并将模拟结果与相应的现场监测数据对比分析。计算结果表明：中洞施工会引起围岩应力场位移场重分布,上覆围岩会向两侧滑动,造成洞间土体呈受压状态,侧洞会向两侧位移;支护结构最大应力值出现在隧道与联络通道的接口处,并且隧道支护结构应力值大小与距交叉段远近成负相关,离交叉段越远,支护应力值越小。研究成果为今后类似工程条件下城市地铁隧道施工提供参考。     

富水砂卵石地层地铁联络通道冻结试验研究

联络通道是地铁区间的重要结构,冻结法凭借封水性好和适应性强等优势成为复杂环境条件下建造联络通道的核心工法。依托北京地铁19号线草桥站~右安门站区间3#联络通道冻结工程,通过现场实测研究地层温度场和泄压孔压力的发展规律,分析冻结帷幕的交圈情况,以保证联络通道冻结施工顺利推进。结果表明,盐水去回路温度和测温孔温度均经历快速降温、缓慢降温和持续降温三个阶段,冻结壁外侧温度高于内侧,迎水面侧温度高于背水面侧,应重点关注迎水面冻结壁外侧的交圈情况。泄压孔压力经历保持平稳、压力增长和压力释放三个阶段,冻结28d后,泄压孔压力增长趋缓,冻结壁交圈良好。冻结37d后,测温孔的平均温度均低于-10℃,泄压孔压力降为0MPa,冻结壁已基本不再发展。     

地铁联络通道冻结法关键工序施工技术

以翠阜新村站——沙柳路站联络通道冻结法施工为例,重点阐述了联络通道冻结法施工期间地层冻胀和融沉防治、冻土帷幕质量控制及开挖和构筑等关键工序的施工技术。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to