微乳液法制备Fe_3O_4纳米颗粒

利用微乳液法制备纳米Fe3O4颗粒,以十二烷基苯磺酸钠为表面活性剂,甲苯作为油相,Fe3+与Fe2+水溶液和NaOH水溶液为水相形成W/O乳浊液,制备出单分散、高磁性的纳米级Fe3O4颗粒。经XRD、TEM、SEM分析Fe3+与Fe2+的摩尔比、乳化温度(T)、表面活性剂用量(m)、乳化时间(t)等参数对结果的影响。研究表明:当Fe3+与Fe2+摩尔比n(Fe3+)∶n(Fe2+)=1.75∶1、乳化温度T=80℃、表面活性剂用量m=1.0 g、乳化时间t=1.0 h时,产物粒径小,表现为超顺磁性。     

氯乙酸乙酯的合成研究

目的以自制的复合无机盐Fe2（SO4）3.Na2S2O8为催化剂,氯乙酸和乙醇为原料合成氯乙酸乙酯.方法研究了氯乙酸与乙醇的摩尔比、催化剂用量、环己烷的用量、反应时间等因素对产品收率的影响,并用红外光谱（IR）、元素分析对产物氯乙酸乙酯进行了表征.结果与结论复合无机盐Fe2（SO4）3.Na2S2O8是合成氯乙酸乙酯的良好催化剂,适宜的反应条件如下：氯乙酸与乙醇的摩尔比为1∶2.0,催化剂用量为反应物总质量的2.5%,环己烷用量12 mL,反应时间1.5 h,氯乙酸乙酯的收率可达85.61%.     

培养条件对康宁木霉产酶的影响

通过对康宁木霉纤维素酶（C1酶和Cx酶）、酸性蛋白酶活力的比较,筛选出了康宁木霉产酶的最适培养条件.康宁木霉在m（麸皮）∶m（秸秆）=2∶8,氮源为w=1%的NH4NO3,含水量为65%,起始pH值为6.5的条件下培养72h,C1酶活力最高,为191.3U/g;在m（麸皮）∶m（秸秆）=6∶4,氮源为w=1%的（NH4）2SO4,含水量为65%,起始pH值为7.5的条件下培养48h,Cx酶活力最高,为2006.5U/g;在m（麸皮）∶m（秸秆）=8∶2,氮源为w=1%的（NH4）2CO3,含水量为65%,起始pH值为4.5的条件下培养96h,酸性蛋白酶活力最高,为1859.6U/g.     

软模板法制备朵状纳米Fe3O4微球的工艺优化

以酒石酸铵为软模板制备朵状纳米Fe3O4微球,通过单因素实验考察了Fe2+与Fe3+的摩尔比、Fe3O4与酒石酸铵的摩尔比、氨水乙醇浓度、超临界干燥温度等对产物平均孔径和磁化强度的影响,确定各因素的研究点,最终获得最优工艺条件。最佳工艺参数:氨水乙醇的浓度为0.8 mol/L,Fe2+与Fe3+摩尔比为2.0∶1.0,酒石酸铵与Fe3O4的摩尔比为1.5∶1.0,超临界温度265℃。同时,以最优化方案制备出朵状纳米Fe3O4微球,并运用X线衍射(XRD)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、比表面积测试法(BET)等分析手段对其进行表征,制得微球的比表面积为174.68 m2/g,平均孔径为28.25 nm,饱和磁化强度为90.56 A.m2/kg。     

烧结助剂对重结晶SiC电热元件性能的影响

以不同粒度的α-SiC为原料,添加A12O3,Fe2O3,H3BO3作为烧结助剂,通过配比实验、素坯成型、制品烧结,研究了不同助剂及其含量对SiC电热元件的密度、抗折强度、电阻率的影响,并探讨了对其性能影响的机理.结果表明:烧结助剂Al2O3对电热元件密度影响最大,在质量分数wB为0.3%时,密度为2.314 g/cm3;Fe2O3对其电阻率影响最大,在质量分数wB为0.5%时,最优的电阻率为0.634 Ω·cm.此外,H3BO3的加入对密度的提高不明显,加入过多反而降低了电热元件的密度,对电阻率起着负面影响.     

Li2O和Fe2O3对磷酸铁锂玻璃结构及性能的影响

制备不同组分的磷酸铁锂(LiFePO4)玻璃,经红外光谱分析(FT-IR)和差热分析(DTA)测定其密度和耐水性,讨论掺加不同摩尔分数的Li2O和Fe2O3对玻璃结构及性能的影响.结果表明:当Li2O摩尔分数为30%,Fe2O3摩尔分数为20%时,玻璃的密度达到最大值2.7601g/cm3,而化学稳定性最小值为0.53...     

配合物[Cu（phen）_2（H_2O）]（NO_3）_2的合成及晶体结构

在乙醇水溶液中以4-氯苯氧乙酸、邻菲啉、Cu（NO3）2.3H2O为反应物合成了配合物[Cu（phen）2（H2O）]（NO3）2,并通过元素分析、红外光谱和X射线单晶衍射法进行表征.该晶体属单斜晶系,C2/c空间群,晶胞参数为：a=2.264 2（5）nm,b=0.728 10（15）nm,c=1.661 4（3）nm,β=123.76（3）°,V=2.277 1（8）nm3,Mr=566,Dc=1.648 g/cm3,F（000）=1 152,Z=4,最终偏离因子R1=0.052 6,ωR2=0.143 1.配合物中Cu离子与分属于2个邻菲啉配体的4个N原子以及来自水分子的1个O原子配位.     

添加剂作用下纳米四氧化三铁的制备及性能研究

采用空气氧化法,在可见光作用下制备纳米Fe3O4,探讨羟基化合物单一添加剂、乙醇和EDTA双组分添加剂对Fe3O4粒径及分散性的影响,并对其性能进行分析.结果表明:加入乙醇、乙二醇和聚乙二醇600添加剂,Fe3O4的晶粒度均减小;随乙醇添加剂的增加,所得Fe3O4的晶粒度减小;EDTA的加入也有利于纳米Fe3O4晶粒度的减小;乙醇和EDTA双组分共同添加时可得到分散性较好、晶粒度为10.1 nm的均匀纳米Fe3O4,其在乙醇溶液中的分散稳定性较好.不同晶粒度(36.6~10.1 nm)纳米Fe3O4分别呈现出铁磁性、超顺磁性特征.     

顺丁烯二酸二丁酯合成的催化剂

研究用H2SO4、Fe2(SO4)3、H2SO4和Fe2(SO4)3的混合物、苯磺酸、FeNH4(SO4)2·12H2O、强酸性树脂作催化剂,由顺丁烯二酸酐和正丁醇合成顺丁烯二酸二丁酯.实验结果表明:以H2SO4和Fe2(SO4)3的混合物为催化剂合成顺丁烯二酸二丁酯,催化活性最高,当n醇∶n酐=3.0∶1,Fe2(SO4)3用量为酐量的2%,H2SO4用量为总量的0.1%,带水剂甲苯与酐等物质量,反应温度为110～130 ℃,反应时间为90 min,酯化率可达98.9%.     

超声波辅助水热合成条件对Fe3O4纳米微粒生长及磁性的影响

以FeCl3.6H2O,FeCl2.4H2O和NH3.H2O为原料,在超声波辅助下,用水热法合成了纳米磁性Fe3O4粒子,借助X射线衍射仪（XRD）、透射电镜（TEM）仪及振动样品磁强计（VSM）对产物Fe3O4进行分析,结果表明,当反应物物质的量之比（n（Fe^3＋）/n（Fe^2＋））为1.75,pH=13得到的前驱物,控制水热合成温度为140-160℃,水热处理时间为3-5 h时,可制备出纯相的反尖晶石结构的Fe3O4纳米微粒,随着水热合成温度的升高和时间的延长晶体发育越完整,平均粒径越大.磁性测量表明,饱和磁化强度和矫顽力也随着Fe3O4纳米微粒平均粒径的增大而增大.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.