国内首条汽车动力电池系统梯次利用及回收示范线在京正式运行

正北京市科技计划"电动汽车锂离子电池系统全生命周期利用技术研究与示范"课题取得重大研究成果,国内首条汽车动力电池系统梯次利用及回收示范线开始运行,实现了动力电池利用效率最大化及环保回收。动力电池容量下降到额定容量的80%后将不再适用于车     

电动汽车动力电池容量衰减的层析图像检测

常用的电动汽车动力电池容量衰减循环充放电检测方法由于忽略了电池在充放电过程中所发生的"伴随有电荷转移的化学反应",因而难以正确、非破坏性地检测动力电池容量及其衰减状况.鉴于此,文中根据电池电化学和计算机层析图像测量原理,以电动汽车车用磷酸铁锂动力电池容量衰减为研究对象,研究了处于电化学反应过程中的动力电池电性能参数与其内部活性物质结构形态之间的关系,提出了电动汽车动力电池容量衰减层析图像检测方法,在此基础上建立了动力电池容量衰减检测实验系统,并以此对某款典型的纯电动汽车车用磷酸铁锂动力电池的容量衰减进行了实验验证.结果表明,该方法具有实用、快速和可非破坏性地检测动力电池容量衰减的特点.     

电动汽车动力电池特性仿真系统

为了更好地模拟动力电池的动态特性,开发相应的控制策略,建立了适用于电动汽车的动力电池仿真平台,并且分别建立了动力电池剩余电量模型、最大充放电功率模型和电池热模型.基于电动汽车的不同工况进行了动力电池系统的仿真.结果表明,所建立的动力蓄电池模型能够很好地模拟电动汽车运行过程中蓄电池组的动态行为,为动力蓄电池管理系统软、硬件的开发和电动汽车整车控制策略的开发提供了良好的平台.     

纯电动汽车用动力电池性能评价方法研究

通过分析纯电动汽车用动力电池的放电特性,指出了目前对纯电动汽车用动力电池性能采用恒流放电方式进行评价不能较好地反映动力电池的实际使用性能.以ECE循环工况作为纯电动汽车常用工况,计算了EVERY电动汽车的放电电流特性,并与实验结果进行对比,表明计算结果与实验结果基本一致.在ECE循环工况时,动力电池的放电特性能够基本上反映纯电动汽车在实际使用工况下的放电特性,以该方法建立非恒流放电方式替代目前采用的恒流放电方式对纯电动汽车用动力电池的实际使用性能进行评价将更为有效.     

电动汽车动力电池转运箱自动化的研究

为解决电动汽车动力电池转运箱自动化程度不高的现状,提出一种新型的电动汽车动力电池转运箱,与传统的电动汽车动力电池转运箱相比,新型转运箱能够与机器人配合实现短时间内的自动取放电池,在一些无法实现自动化的小型配送站,也可以进行手动操作,使更换电池的时间大大缩短,提高了更换电池的效率。新型电动汽车动力电池转运箱可以兼容目前市面上所有类型的电动汽车锂电电池,能够实现电池转运箱的标准化,加快实现全国范围内电动汽车锂电池电池规格统一,从而推动统一的充换电设备标准的建立,为跨地区的充换电服务网络的建设提供了依据。     

电动汽车动力电池技术现状分析

在当今低碳发展理念下,发展以电动汽车为代表的新能源汽车已成为新趋势。动力电池作为电动汽车的核心部件,其性能指标和经济成本决定了电动汽车的产业化进程。本文介绍了当今国内外主流动力电池技术与发展,重点分析了我国锂离子电池及燃料电池现状和问题,并提出对未来动力电池技术研发方向展望。     

电动汽车动力电池正极材料研究进展

电动汽车已成为未来汽车的主要发展方向之一,动力电池是电动汽车的核心部件,动力电池技术则是电动汽车发展的核心技术.总结了传统锂离子电池正极材料的优缺点,及对它们的改性研究,着重介绍了LiFe-SiO4、LiVPO4F、Li3V2(PO4)3和纳米正极材料的研究现状和性能改进方法,并对其发展方向进行了展望.     

电动汽车动力电池产业的发展

 动力电池作为电动汽车的核心关键零部件,其技术水平及产业发展对电动汽车的规模化应用意义重大。在研发方面,美国、日本、德国、韩国及中国分别制定了动力电池的国家发展规划,提出了动力电池技术的研发方向和相关指标;在产业方面,锂离子动力电池作为主流技术产品主要应用于纯电驱动汽车(包括纯电动汽车及插电式混合动力汽车)领域,中、日、韩3国电池企业是锂离子动力电池的主要供应商和竞争者,产品涉及不同的材料体系、不同的容量及不同的工艺路线,能量密度范围为89~245 (W·h)/kg,并形成一定的产业规模;在产业未来发展趋势方面,提出了锂离子动力电池预期实现产业化的材料体系及电池单体的相关技术指标,指出了动力电池产业面临的问题,表明在装备、材料、系统集成以及评价方面需要进一步加强。     

基于SOC的电动汽车参与电网调频控制策略研究

大量电动汽车无序接入电网会给电力系统安全稳定运行带来危害。利用汽车入网技术,电动汽车接入电网参与系统调频,但用户出行需求、电池损耗会受到影响。基于此,首先分析了电动汽车动力电池特性,建立了电动汽车参与系统调频模型,通过分析电动汽车动力电池荷电状态概率密度分布,提出考虑电池荷电状态的电动汽车参与系统调频控制策略。最后,模拟了以平抑电网频率波动为目标的电动汽车充放电场景,根据电池荷电状态,基于所提控制策略通Matlab/Simulink仿真,验证了电动汽车参与系统调频实际效果。     

纯电动汽车用动力电池电解液的研究进展

综述了国内外纯电动汽车的发展现状、纯电动汽车用动力电池以及动力电池用电解液的研发现状,简单介绍了与尖晶石LiMn2O4和LiFePO4两种正极材料所匹配的电解液,指出动力电池目前存在的一些电化学性能、安全性能等问题,最后展望了动力电池电解液的发展前景.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.