面向结构安全评估的大跨斜拉桥基准有限元模型

探讨了以结构安全评估为目标的大跨斜拉桥基准有限元模型建立与修正的策略与方法.采用基于灵敏度分析的模型参数修正方法建立并修正了润扬大桥斜拉桥的整体动力分析模型.在此基础上建立了扁平钢箱梁的局部应力分析模型,并采用子模型方法进行钢箱梁整体尺度与局部尺度之间的跨尺度衔接.分析结果表明,润扬大桥斜拉桥多尺度有限元模型的计算结果与实桥测试结果吻合良好,说明该多尺度模型能够较好地满足桥梁结构损伤诊断与状态评估的技术要求,可以作为该桥结构安全评估的基准有限元模型.     

基于多尺度模型修正的结合梁斜拉桥损伤识别方法

以灌河大桥为工程背景,提出了基于多尺度有限元模型修正的结合梁斜拉桥损伤识别方法.首先基于现场环境振动试验结果和两阶段响应面方法对初始多尺度模型进行修正,并将修正后模型定为原始未损伤状态;进而,利用多尺度模型修正方法对结构不同部位不同程度的损伤进行识别,并探讨了模态曲率损伤指标和单元模态应变能损伤指标对不同结构尺度损伤的敏感性.分析结果表明:在不考虑噪声干扰情况下,模态曲率和单元模态应变能指标对精细小尺度单元区域主梁微小(1%)损伤均较为敏感,可识别出结构的损伤位置,而对大尺度单元区域的损伤敏感性略低;在考虑噪声干扰情况下,精细小尺度单元区域比大尺度单元区域在损伤识别方面的抗噪性更好,且模态应变能损伤指标的抗噪性略优于模态曲率损伤指标.故而提出的多尺度建模及其损伤识别方法具有应用到实际工程中微损伤识别的潜力,并为大跨结构损伤预后奠定了基础.     

结构行为一致多尺度有限元模型修正及验证

研究面向结构健康监测和损伤评估的含局部细节的结构多尺度有限元模型的修正和验证方法.以实验室的大跨桥梁结构钢箱梁纵向加劲桁架缩尺试样为研究平台,具体讨论了多尺度模型修正和验证的实施过程.首先分析了影响此结构多尺度模型精度的一些因素,如边界约束刚度、焊趾及其附近的几何及材料参数等,然后采用基于灵敏度的方法对多尺度模型进行修正,并通过不同于修正过程的加载工况和不同位置处的实测数据从动力特性和静力响应等多方面对所建的结构多尺度有限元模型进行了验证.结果表明:基于子结构方法建立的结构行为一致多尺度模型是有效的.     

基于非支配排序遗传算法的塔机有限元模型修正

为了建立一个能准确反映结构实际状态的有限元模型,提出了一种基于非支配排序遗传算法Ⅱ(NSGA-Ⅱ)的有限元模型修正方法.首先建立初始有限元模型,基于二次响应面法,得到有效的响应面替代模型,然后采用NSGA-Ⅱ对该模型进行修正,最终建立了满足工程精度要求的可靠的有限元模型.给出了某型塔机有限元模型修正的工程算例,将修正后的计算结果与实测数据相比较,说明了基于NSGA-Ⅱ多目标优化算法对于有限元模型修正具有理想的效果,修正后的有限元模型能准确反映结构力学特性.     

结构损伤一致多尺度模拟和分析方法

以一个重要的大跨桥梁为工程背景,基于非线性有限元分析软件ABAQUS,研究了大跨结构以损伤分析和状态评估为目标的结构多尺度模拟中的一系列关键理论和技术问题,包括多尺度建模方法和策略、基于子结构方法和基于多点约束衔接方法的多尺度建模过程,结构一致多尺度模型的修正和验证,以及应用多尺度模型进行结构损伤分析的方法与策略.研究结果表明,应用所提出的大跨结构一致多尺度建模方法和策略,能够有效地建立适用于实际大跨桥梁结构损伤分析的多尺度有限元模型,满足不同尺度下结构特性分析和局部损伤演化过程仿真计算的需要.而基于多尺度模型进行的局部疲劳损伤累积的仿真分析结果表明,发生于局部焊接细节的疲劳损伤与结构的局部应力响应之间有较大的耦合作用,在结构的多尺度损伤分析过程中应予考虑才能得到比较准确的寿命评估结果.     

基于响应面法和麻雀搜索算法的结构有限元模型修正

为了获取准确可靠的结构有限元模型,提供结构运营期间健康监测和状态再分析的基准参照,提出了一种基于响应面法(response surface method,RSM)和麻雀搜索算法(sparrow search algorithm,SSA)的结构有限元模型修正方法.首先,基于响应面法,采用拉丁超立方设计方法进行试验设计获取样本点,以简单低阶数学模型代替特征量与参数间复杂的映射关系,构造结构宏观响应与各参数的解析表达式,基于逐步回归分析进行基函数显著性检验,运用方差理论检验模型精度获取最优响应面模型,并联合结构动力响应残差和构造目标函数;其次,基于麻雀搜索算法,对目标函数进行优化求解得到各参数最优解,代入初始有限元模型中,实现对初始有限元模型的修正;最后,基于RSM-SSA有限元模型修正方法对高维局部损伤悬臂梁数值模型实施修正,验证所提方法的可靠性和可行性,并与基于其他新兴群智能优化算法的有限元模型修正结果进行对比.结果 表明:采用该方法修正的参数和频率误差均值分别为6.549％、0.279％,修正效率和精度较其他算法有显著提升,修正后的有限元模型具有较高的精度,可真实反映结构实际力学行为.该方法为结构有限元模型修正提供一种新思路.     

动力作用下钢箱连续梁桥有限元模型修正

针对施工和使用阶段过程中,桥梁结构的受力状态不断变化,以及使用阶段多种载荷对桥梁上部结构的作用使桥梁上部结构受力状态不断变化的问题,采用有限元软件对桥梁上部结构进行分析,建立与实际情况更接近的有限元模型,更准确的模拟不同作用力对桥梁上部结构的影响.提取环境激励法下桥动态测量值作为目标函数,以纵向弹簧刚度、横向弹簧刚度、底板纵向加劲肋厚度、顶板厚度作为修正参数,对连续刚构梁桥进行模型修正.结果表明:修正后有限元模型的动力特性与实测结果的误差仅为3%,修正后的结构有限元模型可以为大桥损伤监测、整体评价以及深入研究提供可靠依据.     

基于改进区间逆响应面法的塔机有限元模型修正

有限元模型修正技术广泛应用于机械等领域。在工程实际中,由于多种因素的影响,实际结构（如塔式起重机,简称塔机）与有限元模型之间普遍存在不确定性误差,造成有限元分析结果失真,因此研究结构的不确定性有限元模型修正具有重要意义。由于塔机应用的广泛性和事故的高发性,在考虑参数不确定性的情况下,对塔机的有限元模型进行了修正。为提高模型修正效率,引入响应面模型来代替塔机的有限元模型,利用RBF神经网络具有对复杂问题高精度拟合的优点,提出了一种改进的区间逆响应面方法对塔机进行了不确定性修正。通过三自由度弹簧-质量系统证明了所提出方法的可行性,并对实际塔机结构进行了区间修正,改善了传统区间逆响应面方法的不足,结果具有很高的计算精度和计算效率。     

基于响应面模型法的地下综合管廊结构优化方法研究

地下综合管廊是城市地下空间开发的重要方式，为了对地下综合管廊的结构进行优化设计，提出了一种基于响应面模型（Response Surface Model, RSM）的结构优化设计方法.基于有限元模型分析结果，选取适当的结构力学响应作为控制参数.采用拉丁超立方采样（Latin Hypercube Sampling,LHS）和优化拉丁超立方采样（Optimized Latin Hypercube Sampling,OLHS）方法，建立设计参数与结构力学响应之间的响应面模型，并评估了不同采样方法建立的响应面模型的精度.结果表明，采用最小样本点数量4倍的OLHS建立响应面模型能兼顾建模效率与准确性.基于响应面模型建立了考虑配筋等多种条件约束的优化模型，采用非线性规划和遗传算法对优化模型进行了求解，结果表明求解方法不影响优化结果，模型鲁棒性好.优化后结构造价成本下降27.58%，控制截面弯矩分别下降45.10%、45.72%、24.40%.采用有限元方法对优化后结构进行了分析，其二维响应面模型与有限元分析的误差小于14%，采用二维响应面模型替代有限元分析过程是合理有效的.     

基于荷载试验的大跨斜拉桥有限元模型修正方法研究

为对大跨斜拉桥进行在线监测和结构安全评估,很有必要建立竣工阶段的有限元模型作为评价基准模型.本文介绍了某斜拉桥竣工模型的建立方法,比较了成桥荷载试验结果与模型计算结果,提出了基于实测数据的模型修正方法,利用MATLAB软件计算了参数修正值.经过分析,模型修正后的误差在合理范围内,本文采用的修正方法具有实用价值.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.