有机电致发光器件(OLED)

系统介绍了有机电致发光器件的器件结构与发光机理,从有机半导体的能带和OLED器件的结构,分析了载流子在有机物中传输,OLED发光过程,以及各有机薄膜层的作用,指出了如何提高器件的发光效率和提高器件性能的途径。最后概述了OLED器件的现状及发展前景。     

有机电致发光平板显示器件的进展

随着有机电致发光器件的研究和发展，以有机材料为基础的有机电致发光器件（OLED）所表现出的各种特性和它在平板显示领域的广泛应用，OLED平板信息显示器件已经引起了人们广泛的关注。该文在简单地介绍了有机电致发光器件的结构和发光原理之后，主要介绍有机电致发光器件性质特点、彩色柔性的实现方法以及当前产业发展的状况，并就OLED平板显示器的市场前景进行了预测。     

单一白色发光层的OLED制备与发光性能研究

研制了两种类型单一白色发光层的有机电致发光器件(OLED),即小分子Zn(BTZ)2的掺杂型器件：ITO／PVK：TPD／Zn(BTZ)2：Rubrene／Al和聚合物LPPP的混合型器件：ITO／混合型发光层／Al,获得了较高的器件亮度和发光效率,且色坐标均非常接近于白色等能点,进而对上述器件的发光和电学性能进行了初步研究。     

有机薄膜电致发光器件研究及其应用前景

从有机发光材料、器件结构与制备、工作原理、发光机理以及器件的稳定性等方面对有机电致发光器件的研究现状进行了评述，并对有机电致发光器件可能的应用前景进行了展望。     

小分子有机电致发光材料研究进展

 有机电致发光器件（OLED）具有效率高、亮度高、驱动电压低、响应速度快以及能实现大面积光电显示等优点,因其在平板显示和高效照明领域具有极大的应用前景而引起广泛关注。在OLED的制备及优化中,有机电致发光材料包括小分子和聚合物的选择至关重要,其中有机小分子发光材料具有确定的相对分子质量、化学修饰性强、选择范围广、易于提纯、荧光量子产率高以及可以产生红、绿、篮等各种颜色光等优点,一直受到国内外学者的广泛重视。本文综述了近年来国内外有机电致发光小分子发光材料的研究状况,对有机小分子电致发光材料进行分类和评述,并简要介绍了小分子OLED的应用前景和发展趋势。     

提高有机发光二极管性能的互掺过渡层

研究互掺过渡层对有机电致发光器件性能的影响。在有机发光二极管（OLED）的电子传输层（ETL）与空穴传输层（HTL）、空穴传输层与空穴注入缓冲层之间,加入由这两层材料组成的浓度渐变互掺过渡层,它消除有机层间的界面,减少有机层间的缺陷,且与没有过渡层的器件相比,器件性能明显提高。     

有机电致发光器件的研究进展

有机电致发光器件是近年来国际上研究的一个热点，发展非常迅速。该器件具有自发光、响应快、发光效率高、驱动电压低、能耗低、成本低等许多优点，因此它极有可能成为下一代的平板显示终端。概述了有机电致发光(EL)器件的结构、工作原理、目前研究进展状况、出现的问题以及发展趋势等。     

NPB/Alq_3有机发光二极管的光学模拟

采用偶极子源项和转移矩阵来描述结构内外的光电场分布,并通过Matlab编程,建立了符合有机发光二极管(OLED)实际器件的光学模型。利用该光学模型进行模拟计算具有NPB/Alq3结构的OLED,得到了电致发光(EL)光谱与器件中光出射角之间的关系并结合人眼视觉函数,得到器件亮度与角度的关系,当出射角度逐渐增大时,亮度逐渐减小。另外,制备了不同8-羟基喹啉铝(Alq3)电子传输层厚度的器件,并测量其电致发光光谱,发现模拟计算的理论光谱与测量结果相吻合。并且还发现随着Alq3有机层厚度增加,OLED电致发光光谱的峰位会发生一定的红移。     

发光层厚度对有机电致发光器件性能的影响

采用真空热蒸发镀技术制备了双层结构的有机电致发光器件：ITO／TPD／AIq3／Al,测试Alq3发光层厚度分别为30nm、70nm、120nM的有机电致发光器件的J-V、L-I特性曲线,研究其发光强度随发光层厚度的变化影响,并解释产生影响的主要原因。     

有机电致发光器件的热传导特性研究

采用简化热阻模型和一维稳态有内热源的热传导方程,对有机电致发光(OLED)器件的热传导特性进行了研究.为了改善OLED器件的性能,设计并实现了一种新型结构的OLED器件.在给定OLED器件的结构、输入功率、对流换热和热物性参数等因素情况下,推导得出OLED器件运行时温度升高与输入功率,基片及各功能层薄膜的热导系数、厚度、面积等之间的关系式,建立了OLED器件内部的温度分布关系.研究结果表明,器件内的有机层和基底的传热性能是影响器件温度分布的重要因素,在功率密度为1.167×104W/m2、外界温度为300 K时,OLED器件在发光层AlQ3中可获得最高温度,其温度值比环境温度高29 K.在研发OLED器件过程中,要提高OLED器件的热稳定性,改善焦耳热效应对OLED器件性能的影响,则需要选用热物性较好的OLED有机材料,使有机层与导热性能良好的电极保持良好接触.通过实验研究,验证了理论分析的正确性.在相同的输入功率情况下,对自制备的若干Al阴极厚度不同的OLED器件进行了比较分析,验证了理论模型的有效性.研究结果对于OLED研发具有重要的价值.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.