产油霉菌油脂提取方法的研究

以产油霉菌雅致小克银汉霉为例进行了前处理及油脂提取方法的研究,采用了酸热法、反复冻融法以及超声波和酶结合法破碎细胞,甲醇-氯仿提取油脂以及乙醚、石油醚索氏抽提法直接提取油脂。结果表明,超声波和酶结合使用破碎细胞,甲醇-氯仿提取油脂的效果较好;索式抽提法采用石油醚为提取剂效果较好。气相色谱-质谱联用仪分析检测油脂脂肪酸组成为棕榈酸25.10%,油酸25.17%,亚油酸20.99%,硬脂酸4.78%。     

正己烷提取刺梨籽油中脂肪酸成分的GC-MS分析

建立了一种采用正己烷作溶剂将索氏提取的刺梨籽油进行甲酯衍生化处理,通过气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)对刺梨籽油中脂肪酸成分的分离鉴定及组成测定的方法。在实验优化条件下,分离鉴定出6种脂肪酸,主要含棕榈酸(4.40%)、亚油酸(49.35%)、亚麻酸(40.43%)、硬脂酸(2.46%)、油酸(0.22%)、花生酸(0.80%)。结果表明正己烷提取得到的刺梨籽油,具有较高的营养价值。     

GC-MS法测定芜菁子中油脂组成研究

目的:分析测定芜菁子中油脂的组成。方法:采用索氏提取法提取芜菁子中的油脂,甲酯化后,气相色谱-质谱法分析其油脂中脂肪酸的成分。结果:芜菁子中含有油酸,亚油酸,亚麻酸,硬脂酸,软脂酸,芥酸6种脂肪酸,其含量分别为12.5%、19.6%、8.9%、7.4%、5.8%、18.2%。结论:该法操作简便,灵敏度高,准确可靠,可用于芜菁子油中脂肪酸的组成及含量测定。     

低温破壁法与溶剂浸出法制备米糠油研究

比较了用正己烷浸提、无水乙醇浸提及低温破壁压榨3种方法对米糠油提取率的影响,分析了所得米糠油的理化特性,并采用气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)测定了米糠油中的主要成分及相对质量分数。研究结果表明,用低温破壁法提取的米糠油中酸值和过氧化值较低;GC-MS分析表明,3种方法提取的米糠油中主要含有十六烷酸(棕榈酸)、十八碳二烯酸(亚油酸)和十八碳烯酸(油酸)3种脂肪酸,其中3种提取法的棕榈酸质量分数依次为24.30%、0.26%、28.50%,亚油酸质量分数依次为39.00%、10.78%、36.00%,油酸质量分数依次为31.40%、87.16%、14.10%,其余成分质量分数依次为5.3%、1.8%、21.4%。     

野生和种植翅果油树中脂肪酸的分布

采用索氏提取法提取了野生和种植翅果油树果仁、果皮、叶子中的脂肪酸。产物经甲酯化后采用GC分析鉴定其组成及相对含量。结果表明,野生和种植翅果油树果仁脂肪酸的粗提率最高,果皮次之,叶子最少。果仁中均含5种脂肪酸,不饱和脂肪酸含量较高,分别为88.51%和88.73%,其中亚油酸油酸亚麻酸,种植略大于野生。果皮中含棕榈酸、油酸和亚油酸,且为野生大于种植,而叶子中均未检出脂肪酸。     

不同提取方法对山桐子果实挥发油成分的影响

用水蒸气蒸馏法、超声辅助浸提法和索氏提取法提取山桐子果实中的挥发油,用GC-MS分离鉴定其成分并测定各成分的相对含量.水蒸气蒸馏法、超声辅助浸提法和索氏提取法分别分离鉴定出64、50和57个组分,共有化合物38种,其中主要成分为亚油酸、棕榈酸、油酸、角鲨烯、椰子醛和γ-维生素E等.3种提取方法所得山桐子果实挥发油成分有共同特征,也存在着差异,相较之下,水蒸气蒸馏法提取的挥发油成分最多,索氏提取法提取挥发油率最高.     

气相色谱法测定和比较5种植物油中的脂肪酸组成

研究了一种气相色谱法测定植物油中脂肪酸组成的方法。实验中选用氢氧化钾-甲醇溶液作为甲酯化试剂对样品进行处理,再用正己烷提取,通过气相色谱仪对脂肪酸组成进行分离和鉴定。总共分离出15种脂肪酸,结果表明:植物油中的脂肪酸以棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸为主;只有胡麻油中油酸和亚油酸相对含量为31.7%,其他四种植物油油酸和亚油酸含量均高于75%;而菜籽油中的油酸相对含量最高,大豆油中的亚油酸相对含量最高;五种植物油中不饱和脂肪酸含量高于饱和脂肪酸含量,其中菜籽油中不饱和脂肪酸相对含量最高。     

冬凌草籽油品质分析及脂肪酸含量的测定

为综合利用冬凌草资源提供科学依据,分析并评价了冬凌草籽油的品质并测定了其脂肪酸的组成和含量.采用索氏法提取冬凌草籽油,滴定法测定冬凌草籽油的碘值、皂化值、酸价,气相色谱法测定了冬凌草籽油的脂肪酸组成和含量.结果表明：冬凌草籽含油率26.45%;碘值=207.53;皂化值=214.18;酸价=2.64.冬凌草籽油由10种脂肪酸组成,主要成分及含量为亚麻酸55.2%、亚油酸26.4%、油酸10.2%、棕榈酸5.1%、硬脂酸2.4%.     

小白杏杏仁油的酶法提取及脂肪酸组成分析

本文采用中性蛋白酶对新疆小白杏杏仁油脂进行了水解提取,并对提取油脂的脂肪酸组成进行了气相色谱分析。主要探讨了酶解pH值、温度、反应时间以及酶用量4个因素对油脂提取率的影响。研究表明:当中性蛋白酶用量为2000IU/g杏仁,酶解pH 7.5,温度60℃的条件下,酶解2.0h后,杏仁油脂总提取率达88.81%;杏仁油的气相色谱脂肪酸分析表明:小白杏杏仁油主要由不饱和脂肪酸组成,可达油脂总量的91.07%,其中主要为油酸和亚油酸,含量分别为40.92%和49.30%。     

油用与食用向日葵籽形态及主成分差异辨析

本文比较分析了食用和油用葵籽实和籽仁的大小、蛋白质含量、油脂含量、脂肪酸组成以及碳水化合物含量.结果表明:食葵籽实和籽仁均较大,种皮多为灰底白纹;油葵籽实和籽仁均较小,籽实饱满充实,种皮多为黑色;食葵籽仁蛋白含量平均为19%,油葵籽仁蛋白含量平均为15%,食葵籽仁蛋白含量大都高于油葵;食葵籽仁含油量在30.0%~42.4%之间,油葵籽仁含油量在30%~47.3%之间;葵籽油主要含棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸和亚油酸;其油酸和亚油酸较高,约占90%,70%食葵籽的亚油酸含量丰富,达到60%以上,58%油葵籽油酸含量较高,达80%以上;食葵籽仁淀粉含量约14%,油葵籽仁淀粉含量13%左右.食葵和油葵籽虽在某些主成分上有差异,但其划分主要是按其种皮形态、籽粒大小以及嗑食方便性.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to