用云纹干涉法研究静止裂纹尖端附近的奇异性

用高灵敏度云纹干涉法的差载与夹层技术对平面应力状态下幂硬化材料双边切口受拉试件进行了试验，在不同载荷下得到了裂纹尖端附近的位移、应变和应力场。试验结果表明随着载荷增加裂纹尖端附近的试验结果与局部理论解在变化规律上的一致性，证实了在其主导区内分别被Ｋ场、Ｊ场奇异解控制着；同时还得到了主导区尺寸ＲＫ， ＲＪ。     

用激光一束光反射全息和激光散斑干涉法研究有限宽中心裂纹板裂纹尖端三维位移场

本文介绍了激光一束光反射式全息和激光散斑干涉法基本原理，两者结合分析三维位移场的基本方法。用此方法分析了有限宽带有中心裂纹铝合金板（ＬＹ １２—ＣＺ），在受均匀伸拉载荷作用下，直至大范围屈服情况下，裂纹尖端三维位移场。本文给出了位移场与裂纹尖端塑性区随载荷变化，直至裂纹失稳扩展，裂纹尖端塑性区的变化。讨论了在上述条件下，裂纹板塑性区的形状；给出了塑性区尺寸随载荷变化曲线。定量测定了裂纹尖端附近ｕ，ｖ，ｗ三维位移；一定标距下Ｐ—△曲线，裂纹尖端特征点的 ＣＯＤ随载荷变化曲线；裂纹起裂点的 δｃ（即ＣＯＤ*），给出了裂纹尖端应变变化和应变奇异性结果。     

损伤材料中扩展裂纹的应力场

利用Ｇｕｒｓｏｎ本构理论，导出了损伤材料在平面应力条件下准静态定常扩展Ｉ型裂纹近裂纹线应力场和裂纹前方塑性区尺寸的解析表达式。研究结果表明：随着材料损伤量的增加，裂纹尖端处应力降低；裂纹尖端处应力不存在奇异性；裂纹前方塑性区尺寸受材料损伤程度的影响。     

损伤材料中扩展裂纹的应力场

利用Ｇｕｒｓｏｎ本构理论，导出了损伤材料在平面应力条件下准静态定常扩展Ｉ型裂纹近裂纹线应力场和裂纹前方塑性尺寸的解析表达式。研究结果表明：随着材料损伤量的增加，裂纹尖端处应力降低；裂纹尖端处应力不存在奇异性；裂纹前方塑性区尺寸受材料损伤程度的影响。     

裂纹尖端损伤区内细观变形的测量

用莫尔格子方法测量了韧性材料扩展裂纹尖端前方１ｍｍ２范围内细观变形场。由位移场计算了应变场分布。观察了裂纹尖端区域内孔洞的形成与扩展。宏观裂纹扩展与原始裂纹方向成±４５°方向前进。实验发现，在细观区域内裂纹尖端εｙｙ应变分布有奇异性，但是在静止裂纹阶段，不是ＨＲＲ奇异性，在扩展裂纹阶段也不是单ｌｏｇ奇异性。实验测量了距裂纹尖端 ０．１ｍｍ处的应变 εｙｏ，当裂纹扩展时该应变保持为常量，有希望可以代表材料韧性。     

DSCM测量铸铁裂纹尖端演化过程

基于梯度的搜索算法计算亚像素位移、基于位移场局部最小二乘拟合计算应变场.测量了铸铁预制裂纹三点弯曲梁裂纹尖端的演化过程,给出了试件加载过程中的全程荷载-位移曲线以及试件裂纹扩展的过程.由DSCM分析结果,给出了试件在不同加载阶段下裂纹尖端的位移场及应变场.     

幂硬化对疲劳弹塑性弯曲裂纹张开位移的影响

本文主要研究了疲劳载荷作用下的硬化材料弹塑性弯曲裂纹尖端的张开位移问题.综合考虑了疲劳作用应力,塑性区域边界上正应力与剪应力,利用二阶摄动方法与卡氏定理计算了硬化材料弹塑性弯曲裂纹尖端的张开位移的最大值.作图分析了弹塑性弯曲裂纹尖端张开位移尺寸最大值与材料硬化指数之间的变化关系.在幂硬化材料中,弹塑性弯曲裂纹尖端张开位移最大值随着材料硬化指数n的增大而减少,当n等速均匀增加时,弹塑性弯曲裂纹尖端张开位移最大值加速减少,减少的幅度越来越大.当材料的硬化指数相同时,弯曲裂纹尖端张开位移最大值随外载荷的不断减小而逐渐减小.开拓了一个计算硬化材料弹塑性弯曲裂纹张开位移最大值的理论模型的崭新领域.     

正交异性介质中稳恒扩展裂纹尖端的位移场

将正变异性材料视为理想弹塑性材料,采用R·Hill屈服准则及与之相关的流动法则,假定材料不可压缩的条件下,获得了稳恒扩展裂纹尖端应力、应变场.在此基础上,可以获得正交异性介质中稳恒扩展裂纹尖端的位移场.结果表明,应变场具有In(A/r)的奇异性,位移场具有rin(A/r)的量级.     

平面V形切口塑性应力奇异性分析

研究幂硬化塑性材料V形切口和裂纹尖端区域的应力奇异性.首先在切口和裂纹区域采用自尖端径向度量的渐近位移场假设,将其代入塑性全量理论的基本微分方程后,推导出包含应力奇异指数和特征函数的非线性常微分方程特征值问题.然后采用插值矩阵法迭代求解导出的控制方程,得到一般的塑性材料V形切口和裂纹的前若干阶应力奇异阶和相应的特征函数.通过两个算例给出了前若干个阶的应力奇异指数和特征函数,表明文中方法计算一般塑性材料V形切口和裂纹应力奇异性的精度和有效性,并对一般塑性材料V形切口和裂纹的奇异应力特征进行了讨论.     

两种材料的界面裂纹尖端场分析

均质各向同性弹性含裂纹固体在外载荷作用下裂纹尖端场表现出奇异性。由两种弹性材料组成的界面裂纹结构,除表现出奇异性外,随着向裂纹尖端靠近,裂纹前方出现应力振荡特性和裂纹表面的相对位移相互嵌入现象。本文从破坏力学的角度对有关问题进行了分析讨论,并给出了适当力学模型的有限元法算例。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.