Hilbert-Huang变换理论及其计算中的问题

以地震波的谱分析为例 ,对比分析了Hilbert Huang变换 (HHT)与傅立叶变换的差别 ,结果表明 :HHT是对非平稳时程进行数据分析的有效工具 ,能有效地将各种频率成份以固有模态函数的形式从时程曲线中分离出来 ,但这种固有模态函数与傅立叶变换结果不同 ,而且Hilbert谱是包含时间 -频率 -振幅的三维谱 ;可采用在端点改造一个小波串的方法解决HHT存在的端点飞翼现象 .文中还提出确定是否终止固有模态函数分离过程的一种方法     

基于改进HHT的结构模态参数识别方法

针对HHT方法中经验模态分解(EMD)过程容易出现模态混叠、虚假模态和端点效应的问题,提出了改进的HHT方法.首先利用带通滤波对原始信号进行预处理,得到一组窄带频率信号之和;接着进行EMD过程,得到若干个本征模函数(IMF),根据IMFs和原信号的相关系数来判定其是否是真正的IMFs;然后运用随机减量技术(RDT)和希...     

基于局部多项式回归的EMD端点效应抑制

Hilbert-Huang变换(Hilbert-Huang transform,HHT)这种完全由数据驱动的自适应时频数据分析算法已经在多个领域得到了广泛推广和应用.但是HHT的核心部分经验模态分解(empirical mode decomposition,EMD)被端点效应问题所困扰.这里结合局部多项式回归,利用局部少量数据在极值序列两端各拓展一个极值点,从而抑制EMD的端点效应.模拟实验结果表明,该算法能够有效抑制端点效应,且数据要求不高,运行速度较快.     

环境激励下鹤洞大桥模态参数识别分析与比较

在已建立的鹤洞大桥结构健康监测系统的基础上,同时采用GPS变形监测和加速度振动测试系统,在环境激励下对桥塔和桥主跨段进行位移和加速度响应的同步测试.采用基于总体平均经验模态分解法(EEMD)的改进HHT方法,对GPS系统监测位移进行时频域联合分析,同时对于桥面加速度振动测试数据则采用常规的功率谱峰值法进行频域模态识别.通过2种不同信号采取2种不同模态参数识别方法,进行系统辨识结果对比分析,发现GPS监测位移可以较好地反映主整体结构的低阶振型响应,基于EEMD的改进HHT方法能较好地处理低频非平稳随机信号的干扰及模态混叠现象的发生;相对于常规的功率谱峰值法,本文所采用的改进HHT方法对模态参数辨识结果具有更强的优越性.同时通过2种不同测试信号对于部分阶次模态的系统参数识别结果,与有限元数值分析结果较为相近,验证了上述2种测试结果的正确和可靠性.GPS变形监测系统与加速度动力测试子系统相结合,能较好地识别鹤洞大桥主要模态参数,为大桥的安全有效运作提供坚实依据.     

大跨度斜拉桥模态参数识别时频方法对比研究

利用苏通大桥结构健康监测系统(SHMS)记录的台风期间大桥加速度响应,分别基于希尔伯特-黄变换(HHT)和小波变换(WT)方法对该桥进行了模态参数识别,并将2种识别结果进行对比.在此基础上,进一步研究了模态阻尼比与桥址区实测平均风速的关系.结果表明:基于HHT和WT方法识别出的模态频率值基本一致;模态阻尼比差距较大,基于HHT方法识别的阻尼比均值略大于基于WT方法的识别结果;基于HHT和WT方法识别的模态阻尼比随风速的变化趋势类似.     

基于高斯过程的改进经验模态分解及应用

传统Hilbert-Huang变换(HHT)的经验模态分解算法是基于3次样条插值的包络线计算方法,存在过冲及边界效应等缺点.针对传统经验模态分解算法求解包络线存在的问题,提出了基于高斯过程回归的改进包络线插值方法.并且讨论了如何优化高斯过程参数,提高了泛化能力及包络线的插值精度,较好地改进了HHT的虚假频率和端点效应问...     

一种抑制模态混叠的改进HHT模态参数识别方法

针对传统HHT法识别模态参数时的模态混叠问题,提出基于互补总体平均经验模态分解(CEEMD)和信号调频变换(FM)结合的改进HHT模态参数识别方法;并在CEEMD分解后应用随机减量处理(RDT)削弱CEEMD分解对自由衰减响应的影响。将改进的HHT法应用于密集模态系统的参数识别中,结果得出:密集模态系统的频率为0.672 7,1.184 0,1.307 5,阻尼比为0.636 1,1.110 3,1.213 0,与其他方法所得数据相比,改进方法最接近真实数值。表明改进HHT法可以有效避免间断信号与密集模态共同作用下造成的模态混叠问题。     

基于最大相关波形延拓改进的EEMD方法

针对经验模态分解(empirical mode decomposition,EMD)中出现的端点效应和模态混叠现象问题,提出了利用最大相关波形延拓改进聚合经验模态分解(ensemble empirical mode decomposition,EEMD)方法.利用最大相关波形法对原始信号的两端进行延拓,实现延拓数据在原信号边界处的平滑过渡,减小端点处包络线的拟合误差.针对EEMD中参数无法自动获取的问题,采用自适应EEMD对新信号进行分解,提高信号的分解精度.通过仿真分析和转子不平衡故障诊断实例研究表明,改进的EEMD方法不仅能够明显减少虚假模态分量、有效抑制模态混叠现象,而且较好地改善了端点效应引起的分解失真问题.同时与基于极值点对称延拓改进方法及基于镜像延拓改进方法相比,所提方法具有较高的分解精度.     

基于结构水下冲击响应识别结构模态参数

在冲击载荷作用下,基于水下结构的动力学方程,结合Hilbert-Huang变换(HHT)推导出冲击作用下结构响应与模态参数的关系,并识别了水下结构的频率和模态阻尼比.HHT方法适合处理冲击等非平稳响应,设计的带通滤波器能自动选取截止频率,可以准确地得到各阶模态响应.且只需要结构适当一点的冲击响应,就可得到结构的固有频率和模态阻尼比.最后,以一水下矩形钢板为例,经数值计算在典型的爆炸冲击载荷作用下结构的振动响应,通过本方法得到了结构的固有频率和模态阻尼比,再以水下圆柱壳结构为例,同样得到了结构的固有频率和模态阻尼比,验证了本方法在冲击作用下识别水下结构模态参数的可行性.     

Hilbert-Huang 变换在爆破震动信号分析中的应用

介绍了Hilbert-Huang变换(HHT)法的原理、内容和优越性, 并用仿真信号进行实例分析, 以验证其关键技术经验模态分解(EMD)的高效性、自适应性, 以及其时频图能定量地描述时间与瞬时频率的关系. 用HHT法对爆破震动信号进行分析与处理. 研究结果表明: EMD能很好地按不同的时间尺度对信号进行分解, 分解后的固有模态函数能反映信号本身所固有的特性;能将Hilbert能量谱中的信号能量清晰地表示在时间-频率-能量的分布图上;HHT法能有效地提取爆破震动信号的时频特征;HHT法比小波分析更具适应性, 为爆破震动信号的分析与处理提供了新的研究思路与方向.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

<正>~~     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Editorial note for the special topic on ＂Nanopore Analysis＂

The concept of nanopore analysis, using the pore-forming protein a-hemolysin to detect individual nucleic acids at a single-molecule level, was first proposed in 1996. Over the past two decades, tremendous progress has been made in the nanopore field, and nanopore analysis has become a label-free and high-throughput method for probing bio- molecules and other analytes with single-molecule sensi- tivity, especially holds the promising for ＂third generation＂ DNA sequencing. However, challenges still remain in the experimental strategies and the design of whole nanopore-based instruments. Here, we proudly present a special topic dedicated to the topic of ＂Nanopore Analysis＂, with 8 reviews/articles providing up to date coverage of the experimental strategies, theoretical calcu- lations and simulations, and instrument design. Reviews and articles on the experimental strategies cover control of DNA partitioning into a nanopore, detection of target DNA, and the advantages of nanopore-based DNA sequencing. The theoretical calculations and simulations discuss the translocation behavior of DNA, and an inte- grated measurement system and data analysis software are presented for instrument design.     

Effects of climate change on biodiversity

1 Rise of studies on climate change＇s effects on biodiversity
Until the 1980s, climate change and biodiversity were studied as two independent disciplines for more than a century. In 1992, the Ecological Society of America＇s annual report named climate change, biodiversity, and the sustainable ecological system as the three major global environmental issues of the twenty-first century [1].     

Discussing the Expansive Learning in Modern Organizations

<正>1 Introduction Endeavours on learning methods have long occupied the mind spaces of scholars and there have been theories abound on how people learn and in what way organisations can use some of the knowledge gained in the art of learning to maximise human productivity.While the theories by themselves are not solutions to problems,they are steps of inquiry that provide us with interesting perspectives that we can use to extend our knowledge of the dimensions of learning.This paper is an exploratory work on the theories postulated by three notable scholars including Zimmerman