水组分对高超声速冲压发动机性能的影响

对在高超声速冲压发动机燃烧实验研究中,使用燃烧式加热器得到高焓、高压、高超音速气流时,实验介质中带入的水组分进行了模拟计算。初步研究表明,污染物中的水组分对超燃冲压发动机性能有较明显影响,水组分对于超燃冲压发动机性能的最终影响决定于气流的初始条件。     

基于超燃冲压进气压缩技术的Scrampressor研究

基于冲压发动机进气道压缩技术的Rampressor具有结构简单,压比高等优点。但其压缩机理导致其总压损失高,出口超音速及出口气流角偏小等问题,从而增加下游部件的设计难度。为了弥补Rampressor压缩转子的弱点,提出一种基于超燃冲压发动机进气道压缩技术的压缩转子(Scrampressor)的设计方法。首先通过与Rampressor对比,阐述scampressor压缩原理并给出其设计方法;其次采用三维雷诺平均N-S方程和Spalart-Allmaras湍流模型对其流场进行了数值仿真,研究了转速、背压对三维压缩转子流道中波系结构、内部流动特性和性能的影响。计算结果表明：所提出的基于超燃冲压发动机进气道压缩技术的压缩转子(Scrampressor)三维进气流道设计方法是可行的。该压缩转子具有结构简单、较高压比、流量较大、出口马赫数合适和出口气流角相对较大等优点。     

基于超燃冲压进气压缩技术的Scrampressor研究（英文）

基于冲压发动机进气道压缩技术的Rampressor具有结构简单,压比高等优点。但其压缩机理导致其总压损失高,出口超音速及出口气流角偏小等问题,从而增加下游部件的设计难度。为了弥补Rampressor压缩转子的弱点,提出一种基于超燃冲压发动机进气道压缩技术的压缩转子(scrampressor)的设计方法。首先通过与Rampressor对比,阐述scampressor压缩原理并给出其设计方法;其次采用三维雷诺平均N-S方程和Spalart-Allmaras湍流模型对其流场进行了数值仿真,研究了转速、背压对三维压缩转子流道中波系结构、内部流动特性和性能的影响。计算结果表明:所提出的基于超燃冲压发动机进气道压缩技术的压缩转子(scrampressor)三维进气流道设计方法是可行的。该压缩转子具有结构简单、较高压比、流量较大、出口马赫数合适和出口气流角相对较大等优点。     

壅塞可调固体火箭冲压发动机性能计算

综合给出了二维超声速进气道特性,并将其应用于壅塞可调固体火箭冲压发动机性能计算中,建立了壅塞可调固体火箭冲压发动机特性计算方法.通过调节燃气发生器喷管喉道面积保持给定空燃比不变.根据飞行速度/高度计算出了发动机非设计点性能和相应的燃气发生器喉道面积变化规律.结果表明,飞行速度/高度对燃气发生器喉道面积调节计划产生相当大的影响;当飞行高度低于设计高度时,高度变化明显改变进气道-发动机匹配工作点,高空低马赫数飞行时,进气道位于严重亚临界工作状态,明显降低了超声速进气道稳定工作范围.     

超声速进气道与火箭冲压发动机性能匹配研究

综合给出了二维超声速进气道内特性,并将其与整体固体火箭冲压发动机性能匹配计算相结合,建立了整体固体火箭冲压发动机特性计算一维模型与方法.选择进气道不同状态作为设计点,根据飞行速度/高度计算出了发动机非设计点性能和相应的进气道与发动机在非设计状态下的匹配点轨迹及性能.结果表明,超声速进气道设计点选取至关重要,它不仅影响整体固体冲压发动机性能,而且严重影响超声速进气道稳定工作范围.     

带凹腔的超燃固冲发动机燃烧室的数值仿真

基于一种以PMMA固体燃料的超燃冲压实验发动机的试验,进行数值计算研究。结合结构特性与计算精度选用结构化网格技术、压力基耦合算法、SST k-ω湍流模型、轴对称N-S方程组、二阶迎风格式、单步化学反应对带有凹腔的轴对称固体燃料超燃冲压发动机燃烧室的内流场进行了二维稳态数值仿真。研究结果表明燃烧主要集中在边界层附近,大量的热从反应区通过凹腔回流大涡传输到了凹腔的内部,这样凹腔就提供了持续富燃区域和热源,所以凹腔有增强掺混和火焰稳定的作用;在发动机点火后,燃烧室等截面圆柱段初始内径狭小和不断地热量加入,导致燃烧室出现热壅塞,随着燃面推移等截面圆柱段被打开,热壅塞现象消失;随着燃面推移,激波串的强度逐渐增强,燃烧室中气流的马赫数逐渐降低。     

燃烧加热污染空气对超燃冲压发动机性能影响研究

针对燃烧加热地面试验设备存在的工质污染问题,采用数值模拟方法研究了燃烧加热污染空气对氢燃料超燃冲压发动机性能的影响。以飞行马赫数Ma=6.5,当量油气比ER=0.6为计算基准状态,分别对纯净空气和污染空气来流下氢燃料超燃冲压发动机的整机流场和性能进行了对比计算分析。燃烧化学反应模拟采用了改进的H₂/O₂七组分八方程模型,湍流模型为标准的 k-ε模型,并采用直连式燃烧室试验数据进行了数值方法的验证。研究结果表明:(1)相对于纯净空气来流,污染空气来流下的超燃冲压发动机推力和比冲均有所下降。(2)采用酒精燃烧加热器的前提下,来流参数匹配静温、静压、马赫数时,发动机性能与纯净空气来流下的结果最为接近,而匹配总温、总压、马赫数时相差最大。(3)来流参数匹配总焓、静压、马赫数的前提下,采用氢燃烧加热器时发动机性能与纯净空气来流下的结果最为接近,而采用甲烷燃烧加热器时相差最大。      

超燃冲压发动机燃烧效率取样探针设计

分析了超燃冲压发动机燃烧效率取样探针设计的技术难点，设计了一个超燃冲压发动机燃烧效率取样耙子，对取样探针的流场特性、燃气化学反应在探针中的快速冻结等进行了分析，所设计的取样耙子由16个取样探针组成，与取气瓶、色谱仪等配套使用，可测量超燃冲压发动机的燃烧效率.     

某超燃冲压发动机尾喷管的三维流场特性

超燃冲压发动机结构简单,推重比大,应用前景广阔.但其流场结构十分复杂,研究超燃冲压发动机三维流场结构具有重要的意义.采用计算流体力学软件对某超燃冲压发动机尾喷管的三维流场进行数值模拟,先后得到了流场的密度、马赫数、涡量及速度矢量线图.结果表明:喷管内及侧壁面出口处存在膨胀波.各个壁面出口处附近的流场存在羽流激波和剪切层,内喷管出口周围的羽流激波和剪切层呈环状分布在流场周围,上壁面尾部受羽流激波的影响产生一道由压强决定的管内斜激波.内喷管出口及上壁面尾部处也均存在流向涡结构.     

基于变量化设计技术的整体式固冲发动机一体化设计系统

将变量化设计技术应用到整体式固体火箭冲压发动机一体化方案设计中。利用变量化约束将设计过程与几何造型过程进行有机结合,在VC.NET 2003平台下自主研发了一套固体火箭冲压发动机一体化设计系统。该软件包括进气道设计、燃气发生器设计、助推补燃室设计、发动机性能计算和飞行弹道计算,为整体式固体火箭冲压发动机方案设计提供一套方便快捷的工具。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.