内蒙古绣线菊属Spiraea L.的分类与分布

1978年出版的《内蒙古植物志》第3卷中,绣线菊属Spiraea L.收载7种,2变种。作者在内蒙古植物志修订工作中,对内蒙古境内Spiraea属的标本又作了进一步整理与研究。本文收载14种、4变种,原内蒙古植物志中收载的光叶土庄绣线菊(变种)S.pubescens Turcr.var.glabrescens Kitag.系错误鉴定,现订正为绣球绣线菊S.blumei G.Don。按内蒙古自治区现行的区划范围(比1978年增加四盟,即呼伦贝尔盟、兴安盟、哲里木盟、阿拉善盟及赤峰市),本文增加7种、3变种,即S.trichocarpa Nakai;S.uratensis Franch.;S.hailarensis Liou;S.blumei G.Don;S.elegans Pojark.;S.dahurica Maxim.;S.sericea Turc2.;S.fritschiana Schneid.var.angulata(Schneid)Rhed.为内蒙古新记录变种;S.salicifolia L.var.oligodonta Yü;S.mongolica Maxim.var.tomentulosa Yǔ。     

植夫绣线菊在模式产地的分布及生境特征

植夫绣线菊(Spiraea fangii)隶属蔷薇科(Rosaceae)绣线菊属(Spiraea),是2015年被发现并命名的以四川黑水河省级自然保护区为模式产地的首个物种,中国特有种.为了摸清植夫绣线菊在模式产地的分布和生境特征,采用样线法和样方法于2018年7～10月对四川黑水河自然保护区进行了调查,结果显示:(1)分布面积约为32.04 hm~2,种群密度约为0.35丛/m~2,保护区的种群数量约为11.21万余丛;(2)种群分布于海拔3 485～3 850 m,偏好坡度大于30°、东南向的阳坡,微生境分为岩缝、岩壁基部和坡面坑槽3类;(3)调查样方内的植夫绣线菊植株数与灌木盖度之间存在较为显著的线性关系(R~2=0.5028,P0.05),而与草本层盖度之间的线性关系并不显著(R~2=0.0320,P0.05);(4)种群面临的人为干扰较少,自然干扰主要为低温和干旱.建议加强植夫绣线菊的就地保护,并增加科研和监测力度,通过宣教工作,增加当地居民的保护意识.     

河南铁线莲属一新记录亚组--槭叶铁线莲亚组

报道了河南铁线莲属一新记录亚组———槭叶铁线莲亚组Subsect.AcerifoliaeW.T.Wang,增补了《河南植物志》(1981)未记录的1变种———无裂槭叶铁线莲ClematisacerifoliaMaxim.var.elobataS.X.Yan.     

山东绣线菊属花粉形态研究及其在分类上的意义

报道了山东绣线菊属（Spiraea L.)6种植物花粉的亚显微形态特征,花粉粒赤道面观呈近长球形或近球形,极面观呈三裂圆形,具三孔沟;表面纹饰是条脊和覆盖层穿孔;花粉粒极轴长9.3-16.1um,赤道轴宽7．1－8．8um,研究结果表明,绣线菊属花粉的亚显微形态特征支持传统的属级和种级水平的分类。     

武陵山区湖南新纪录植物（Ⅲ）

报道了湖南植物分布新纪录属1个：毛核木属（Symphoricarpos Duham.）.新纪录种11个：小冻绿树（Rhamnus rosthornii）;华中乌蔹莓（Cayratia oligocarpa）;秦岭槭（Acer tsinglingense）;四川槭（A.sutchuenense）;小花梾木（Swida parviflora）;拟密花树（Rapanea affinis (A.DC.) Mez）;野迎春（Jasminum mesnyi）;长叶女贞（Ligustrum compactum）;峨嵋牛皮消（Cynanchum giraldii）;淡黄荚蒾（Viburnum lutescens）;毛核木（Symphoricarpos sinensis）.变种3个：狭叶短毛独活（Heracleum moellendorffii var.subbipinnatum）;七裂薄叶槭（A.tenellum var.septemlobum）;秀山金萼杜鹃（Rhododendron chrysocalyx var.xiushanense）.新纪录亚种2个：多花清风藤（Sabia schumanniana subsp.pluriflora）;亮叶忍冬（Lonicera ligustrina subsp.yunnanensis）.新纪录植物隶属11科,14属.     

浙江槭树属植物新资料

对浙江槭树属Acer L.植物的11个分类群进行了修订:将羊角槭A.yangjuechi Fang et P.L. Chiu组合为庙台槭的亚种A.miaotaiense P.C. Tsoong subsp.yangjuechi(Fang et P.L. Chiu) P.L. Chiu et Z.H. Chen;提出了苦茶槭的合法名称为A.tataricumL. subsp.theiferum(Fang) Z.H. Chen et P.L. Chiu;厘清了鸡爪槭A.palmatum Thunb.及其种下分类等级的关系;恢复了毛鸡爪槭A.pubipalmatum Fang、安徽槭A.anhweiense Fang et Fang f.、昌化槭A.changhuaense(Fang et Fang f.) Fang et P.L. Chiu、临安槭A.linganense Fang et P.L. Chiu、橄榄槭A.olivaceum Fang et P.L. Chiu、闽江槭A.subtrinervium F.P. Metcalf的种级地位;恢复了短翅安徽槭A.anhweiense var.brachypterum Fang et P.L. Chiu的变种地位,并指定了后选模式.     

蒙古高原绣线菊属植物的分类学研究

确认了蒙古高原绣线菊属植物18种、1变种；把S．flexuosa Cambess,与S．chamaedry-foliaL合并；否认了这种S．salicifoliaL.var.olfigodonta Yue的存在；比《内蒙古植物志》增加了3个种；指出内蒙古没有S.blumeiG.Don的分布；更正了《内蒙古植物志》（第二版 第三卷）中的一些咱的不确切分布；编制了高原绣线菊属植物的分组、分系和分种检索表。     

燕山东段野生耐旱花卉的筛选

在对燕山东段野生花卉资源调查的基础上,进行了野生耐旱花卉的筛选。结果表明,燕山东段有野生花卉资源192种,隶属52科113属,其中向阳山坡有分布的野生花卉资源114种,隶属39科64属,从中选择了小花溲疏(Deutzia parviflora Bge.)、三裂绣线菊(Spiraea trilobata L.)、毛樱桃[Cerasus tomentosa (Thunb.) Wall.]、叶底珠[Securinega suffruticosa (Pall.)Rehd.]、栓翅卫矛(Euonymus phellomanaLoes.)、南蛇藤(Celastrus orbiculatus Thunb.)、孩儿拳头[Grewia biloba var. parviflora (Bge.) Hand.]、木半夏(Elaeagnuas multiflora Thunb.)、锦带花[Weigela florida (Bge.) A.DC.]和蚂蚱腿子(Myripnois dioica Bge.)等10种观赏性强、生长环境相对缺水的木本花卉进行了耐旱性筛选,得到耐旱性较强的6种花卉,其耐旱性依次是叶底珠>栓翅卫矛>木半夏>孩儿拳头>南蛇藤>蚂蚱腿子。     

甘肃省东南部植物分布新纪录

报道了甘肃东南部植物分布新纪录4种,即五叶鸡爪茶(Rubus playfairianus Hemsl.ex Focke)、三裂飞蛾槭(Acer oblongum var.trilobum Henry)、西南假毛蕨(Pseudocyclosorus esquirolii(Christ)Ching)和华中铁角蕨(Asplenium sarelii Hook.),并对其特征进行了描述。     

燕山维管植物新记录

由于全球气候变化以及城镇化的快速发展,燕山地区的生物多样性正在遭受严重威胁。近年来,为了摸清该区域的植物本底,在充分收集文献的基础上,采用样线和样方相结合的方法对燕山地区进行了全面调查,为生物多样性的有效管理提供基础资料。调查结果显示,燕山地区植物资源相对比较丰富,共发现河北省维管植物新记录8种,分别是卷柏科(Selaginellaceae)的膜叶卷柏(Selaginella leptophylla Baker)、凤尾蕨科(Pteridiaceae)的普通凤了蕨(Coniogramme intermedia Hieron.)、毛茛科(Ranuculaceae)的卷毛蔓乌头(Aconitum volubile Pall. ex Koelle var. pubescens Regel)、茶藨子科(Grossulariaceae)的黑茶藨子(Ribes nigrum L.)、葫芦科(Cucurbitaceae)的刺果瓜(Sicyos angulatus L.)、槭树科(Aceraceae)的细裂槭(Acer pilosum Maxim.var.stenolobum(Rehder)W. P. ...     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…