试论塔里木河流域水资源管理机构体系的改革与完善

塔里木河流域水资源统一管理问题,一直是新疆水资源管理的重点.随着流域内人口的增长、经济社会的发展以及对水资源开发利用程度的不断提高,塔里木河流域生态环境恶化问题成为各界关注的焦点,而不合理的水资源管理机构体系是其主要成因.为此,本文在深入分析塔河流域水资源管理机构体系现状及主要问题的基础上,结合水权市场建立和发展的需要,提出了改革与完善现行水资源管理机构体系的基本原则与具体措施.     

水资源优化配置的冲突问题博弈分析

力求通过建立完全信息动态博弈模型求解水资源冲突分析问题.博弈模型主要针对一条河流上、下游为了分享水资源,从各自要求出发,提出的解决方案与流域管理机构进行协调之间的用水冲突问题,力求通过流域管理机构的水资源费率和宏观调控的水权交易价格,求解水资源可持续发展情况下的市场均衡模型.以此达到有水资源费率和水权交易两种调控手段的情况下各决策者追求自身利益的结果.     

澳大利亚墨累-达令流域管理的经验

墨累-达令流域位于澳大利亚,在流域管理方面享有盛誉。本文简要介绍流域概况与所面临的威胁,介绍了流域管理机构,并分析了对该流域管理至关重要的《墨累-达令流域行动》、自然资源管理战略(后期改为流域综合管理战略)、以及土地关爱计划社区等,最后总结了该流域管理的经验以及我国流域管理的启示。     

淮河流域水资源配置权博弈分析及综合管理研究

分析淮河流域水资源配置权及综合管理现状,提出提高水资源配置效率的三点建议:一是强化流域水资源管理的整体性,在充分发挥流域管理机构作用的同时,积极扶植非政府水资源组织;二是积极发挥淮委作用,建立地方政府间信息共享机制;三是完善流域内地方政府合作机制,最终实现纳什均衡,避免恶性竞争,促进流域内部各个地方经济在不断博弈的过程中实现融合.     

论我国流域管理体制改革的途径和方向

流域管理问题是当前一个热点问题,赋予流域管理组织何种地位、作用、职责、权限;如何正确处理流域管理与分区管理、行政区域内各相关部门以及与省、自治区、直辖市水行政主管部门的关系;如何建立一个强有力的、综合性的流域管理机构：以及流域管理的运行机制等一系列流域管理问题已经引起广泛关注。笔者试图通过研究国内外的水资源管理的演化与现状,提出符合我国国情的流域管理模式。     

我国环境管理体系问题的探讨

本文指出了水污染物按流域运移的规律,以及环境管理机构实现最高总体效率的必要条件,提出建立以河流大小分级、以流域分片,独立于当地行政机构、直属国家环保局和监察部的环境管理体系方案。     

跨界流域水资源管理冲突体制性障碍及其优化路径

探讨跨界流域水资源管理冲突的制度性障碍,可为推动全流域综合治理提供理论支撑。研究方法：文献分析法。研究结果：1）跨界流域自然生态流域系统完整性与行政区划发展定位的分割性不相同;2）跨界流域水资源管理冲突制度性障碍主要体现在流域行政区划分割、部门职能重叠和法律建设不足;3）建立统一管理体系、整合流域水资源管理机构以及整体...     

青海省农民对灌溉水管理的认知与评价调查——以都兰、贵德、大通三县为例

以青海省柴达木盆地都兰县、黄河干流贵德县、湟水流域大通回族土族自治县为研究区域,进行了农民对灌溉水管理认知和评价的问卷调查研究.结果表明：三县农民对水价高低的感知和评价与实际水价紧密相关,农民认可按灌溉面积计收水费的收费方式;农民认为灌区管理机构的主要职能是维护好渠道、指导农民科学用水、制定合理的分水计划,灌区管理机构在渠道维护、水费使用透明度、宣传国家水管理政策等方面需要改进;农民还认为村集体在水管理事务民主化与公开化、组织领导作用等方面存在不足.最后提出了青海省灌溉水管理改革的建议.     

我国大河流域水资源与水环境综合管理模式探讨：机构、法律、制度

流域管理作为综合的资源管理方式,是指为了既能提供期望商品和服务但又不对土壤生产力和水资源造成负面影响而在流域水平上规划、管理和组织土地、水和其他资源的使用,以使流域内的水和其他资源达到最合理的利用状态的过程［１－２］,包括对流域内土地、水等资源的各种活动的协调和统一管理。水管理是流域管理的核心,其指导思想是对流域内的水进行综合管理,以维持其整体性。从国内外流域管理实践看,由于行政分属性与流域管理统一性之间存在矛盾,在流域水平上建立统一的流域管理机构对水资源与水环境一体化管理是比较通行的作法［３］…     

我国大河流域水资源与水环境综合管理模式探讨:机构、法律、制度

 流域管理作为综合的资源管理方式,是指为了既能提供期望商品和服务但又不对土壤生产力和水资源造成负面影响而在流域水平上规划、管理和组织土地、水和其他资源的使用,以使流域内的水和其他资源达到最合理的利用状态的过程［１－２］,包括对流域内土地、水等资源的各种活动的协调和统一管理。水管理是流域管理的核心,其指导思想是对流域内的水进行综合管理,以维持其整体性。从国内外流域管理实践看,由于行政分属性与流域管理统一性之间存在矛盾,在流域水平上建立统一的流域管理机构对水资源与水环境一体化管理是比较通行的作法［３］,而这正是我国比较薄弱的方面。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

英文诗歌中的喻类修辞

为了有助于提高英文爱好者的个人情操、文化素养和学习兴趣,以及专业人员对英语学习和研究进行多途径的探索,本文通过一些精选诗歌的引证和分析,着重论述了喻类修辞法在英文诗歌中的运用其及效果。     

Man Is Unable to Change the Miserable Life——Analysis of the Arrangement of Four Characters in The Glass Menagerie

Tennessee Williams is considered as one of the most important American playwrights since World War II.The Glass Menagerie is his first successful drama,which describes a tragic situation of family and means to say that Man is unable to change the miserable life,no matter whatever means he try,This essay focuses on the analysis of the arrangement of the four main characters:Laura.Amanda,Jim and Tom to reveal the theme.Laura is fragile.Amanda is brave.Jim is vital.Tom is sensible.And all of them develop and try the different means to struggle against life,but fail tragically.With the evidence,the paper comes to conclusion naturally that Man is unable to change the miserable life,and he dooms to fail.     

Characterization of root-nodulating bacteria on Retama raetam in arid Tunisian soils

The aim of this study is to investigate the diversity of Retama raetam root-nodule bacteria isolated from arid regions of Tunisia. Twelve isolates, chosen as representative for different 16S rRNA gene patterns, were characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phenotypic analysis. Isolates were assigned to Sinorhizobium, Rhizobium and Agrobacterium. Symbiotic properties of Sinorhizobium and Rhizobium isolates showed a large diversity in their capacity to infect their host plant and fix atmospheric nitrogen. Strain RK 22 identified as Rhizobium was the most effective isolate.     

WIMAX与WI-FI技术分析及联合组网

介绍了WiMAX与Wi-Fi两种无线宽带接入技术,并对两者之间的关系及相互之间的影响做了对比及分析,并对WiMAX的关键技术进行了详细说明,最后对两者的联合组网方式做了简单的探讨。     

An Affordable Accurate Evaluation of the Binding Conformations Predicted by Molecular Docking Studies in Bio-System

正Recently,docking has been widely used to predict the binding-modes of protein-inhibitors,when the crystal complexes structure was absent.Most docking algorithms are able to generate a large number of probable conformations,it,however,is difficult to effectively evaluate these docking poses and identify the most reasonable bindingmode.In the present study,on the basis of the crystallographic data of human 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme