远程氩等离子体表面改性对聚氯乙烯润湿性的影响

在理想管式反应器中,利用等离子体中各种活性粒子(电子、离子、自由基)具有不同存活寿命的特点,在距等离子体放电区一定距离处形成高浓度自由基氛围,即远程等离子体.运用远程氩等离子体对医用聚氯乙烯(PVC)进行了表面改性,采用扫描电子显微镜观察、接触角测量和X射线光电子能谱分析等手段,研究了改性前后PVC表面结构、性能的变化,并分析了远程氩等离子体和常规等离子体处理效果不同的原因.结果表明:PVC表面经远程氩等离子体处理后,表面微观形态和表面化学成分均发生了变化,且处理效果优于常规氩等离子体.远程氩等离子体可以在一定程度上抑制电子、离子的刻蚀作用,强化自由基反应,使材料表面获得更好的改性效果.经远程氩等离子体短时间(3 min)处理后,PVC表面的[w(O) w(N)]/w(C)从0.07增大到0.22,表面的水接触角从107°减小到20°.     

不同气氛介质阻挡放电等离子体对芳纶表面的改性

为了改善芳纶的表面性能,利用介质阻挡放电,对其表面进行改性.在Ar,Ar/O2,Ar/N2不同气氛介质阻挡等离子体的处理后,探究芳纶表面所产生的不同作用效果机理,同时考察了O2和N2的流量对芳纶表面作用效果的影响.采用了微脱胶法、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)以及原子力显微镜(AFM)分别对处理后芳纶表面黏结性能、表面元素和官能团的变化以及表面粗糙程度的变化进行了比较.结果表明:对芳纶表面的改性是由刻蚀作用还是活性基团占主导与放电气体的种类密切相关,而通入气体的流量也会影响表面改性的处理效果.     

聚酰亚胺固相微萃取涂层的制备及表面结构的XPS研究

以均苯四甲酸二酐(PMDA)、4,4-二氨基二苯基醚(ODA)为单体原料,制备了聚酰亚胺固相微萃取涂层。用正硅酸乙酯和1,3-双(3-氨基丙基)-1,1,3,3-四甲基二硅氧烷分别对聚酰亚胺涂层改性,制备了正硅酸乙酯改性聚酰亚胺和硅烷偶联剂改性聚酰亚胺固相微萃取涂层。采用红外光谱表征了聚酰亚胺及其改性涂层的结构;通过热重分析测试了涂层的热稳定性;通过X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对涂层的表面元素组成、化学环境进行分析,考察了涂层表面结构对吸附性能的影响,硅烷偶联剂改性PI涂层对苯的吸附量大于正硅酸乙酯改性PI涂层和PI涂层。     

氧等离子体处理提高涤纶纤维表面亲水性的机理

探讨氧等离子体处理提高涤纶纤维表面亲水性的机理,考察了氧等离子体处理后涤纶表面润湿性的变化。表面张力评价的解析结果表明,氧等离子体处理后涤纶表面自由能的增大,主要是表面张力的极性力分量的贡献。X射线光电子能谱(XPS)分析表明,这是由于涤纶表面被引入了大量含氧和含氮极性基团所致。     

等离子体处理影响有机光伏电池阳极表面性能的研究

采用等离子体处理对有机光伏电池阳极表面进行改性,通过X射线光电子能谱、X射线衍射、分光光度计和四探针等测试技术,研究了改性处理对阳极表面性能的影响.结果表明:等离子体优化了表面化学组分,降低了方块电阻.另外,利用处理前后的阳极样品制备了双层结构器件,通过分析其电流-电压特性,进一步研究了改性对其功函数的影响.研究结果表明,阳极改性对改善有机光伏电池的器件性能具有重要作用.     

非刻蚀无钯活化化学镀铜Kevlar纤维的制备工艺及性能

表面预处理是制备高性能Kevlar纤维的关键技术.应用一种新颖的"非刻蚀无钯活化"预处理工艺和以二甲氨基硼烷作为还原剂的化学镀铜体系制备了镀铜Kevlar纤维.采用X射线光电子能谱仪(X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, XPS)、X射线衍射仪(X-raydiffraction, XRD)和高分辨扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope, SEM)分析不同处理阶段Kevlar纤维的化学组成、晶态结构和表面形貌,并对镀铜Kevlar纤维的结合强度、电学性能、力学性能和热稳定性能进行测试.结果表明,通过此新工艺制备的铜层致密平整,且与基体结合力强,并具有较好的导电性、力学性能和热稳定性能.     

硅橡胶表面硅烷反应几丁聚糖涂层的实验研究

用氧低温等离子体处理硅橡胶,在其表面引入羟基,然后利用硅烷偶联剂的硅烷反应,通过中间物戊二醛在硅橡胶表面制备了几丁聚糖涂层.X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和衰减全反射傅立叶变换红外光谱(ATR-FTIR)测试证实在硅橡胶表面成功制备了几丁聚糖涂层,表面接触角测试表明几丁聚糖涂层明显提高了硅橡胶的亲水性.     

等离子体刻蚀对纤维结构的影响

本文讨论了等离子体刻蚀作用对纤维结构的影响,并应用差示扫描量热法、X-射线衍射法、光电子能谱法、红外光谱法、光学双折射法以及表面润湿性分析等测试手段进行了测定分析。实验结果表明,等离子体刻蚀后,纤维的结晶部分和取向情况均有明显改变,纤维大分子基团亦发生变化,并优先向亲水基团转变。通过层叠薄膜刻蚀实验可以看到,等离子体的刻蚀作用不但明显改变纤维表面结构,而且已经影响到整根纤维,是一种整体效应。本文认为这种整体效应主要由等离子体区域中的紫外线远程辐射引起的。     

氩等离子体射流对聚四氟乙烯表面改性的研究

采用氩等离子体射流对有机材料聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)进行表面改性,通过接触角测量、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和衰减全反射红外光谱(ATR-FTIR)分析,以及表面电阻率和沿面闪络电压等参量的测量,研究了等离子体射流处理前后PTFE的表面特性。实验结果表明:氩等离子体射流产生的粒子主要有OH、N*、Ar和少量的O。PTFE经大气压氩等离子体射流处理后,其表面水接触角下降,表面粗糙度变大,表面突起和裂痕显著增加,且表面有新的含氧基团生成;增加表面改性时间,表面改性效果会达到饱和状态;另一方面,表面改性后的PTFE存在微弱的老化效应,当在空气中放置10d后,其表面水接触角为66.2°,仍然低于表面处理前的值。由于等离子体改性使PTFE表面形态及化学成分发生变化,粗糙度增加,使PTFE表面电阻率降低,导致其沿面闪络电压升高。     

聚丙烯腈超滤膜低温氧等离子体表面改性

研究了聚丙烯腈 (PAN)平板超滤膜的低温氧等离子体表面改性 .结果表明 ,改性后的 PAN超滤膜透水率降低 ,截留率上升 .研究了低温等离子体条件 (放电功率、反应腔压力、改性处理时间 )对改性结果的影响 .实验研究表明 ,低温等离子体表面改性技术可用于 PAN超滤膜的改性 .     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.