球形SiO_2超细粉的制备及其烧结行为

在合适的温度和pH值下,通过硅酸钠在氯化氨溶液中水解,制备球形二氧化硅超细粉·考察了反应温度、pH值、硅酸钠溶液浓度和流量对产物形成时间的影响,确定了制备球形二氧化硅超细粉的pH值为9,反应温度为60℃,硅酸钠溶液浓度为0 6mol·L-1·并在不同温度对球形二氧化硅超细粉的烧结行为进行了研究·结果表明,当温度超过900℃时,超细二氧化硅粉有明显的烧结现象·采用SEM,TEM表征了二氧化硅为球形纳米超细粉·     

利用电石渣制备球形碳酸钙的研究

为有效利用电石制乙炔的副产物电石渣资源,以电石渣为原料用化学沉淀法合成了球形碳酸钙,并利用X射线衍射、扫描电镜等手段研究了溶液的pH值、电石渣的预处理方式、碳化反应温度、Ca2 浓度、CO2流量等对球形碳酸钙合成的影响.结果表明:电石渣可直接与氯化铵反应,当pH>7时,合成的球形碳酸钙的纯度(质量分数)大于97%,白度大于98;合成球形碳酸钙的最佳碳化反应温度为10℃左右,碳化反应温度是影响球形碳酸钙形成的主要因素;在一定的范围内,随着CO2浓度的提高,球形碳酸钙的分散性变好,粒度变小;当反应溶液中Ca2 的浓度适当时(如0.08 mol/L),球形碳酸钙粒径较均匀,分散性好;利用电石渣可以制备出高质量的球形碳酸钙.     

Sol-Gel法制备M型钡铁氧体

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备钡铁氧体超细粉体。详细讨论了起始溶液的组成、溶液pH值、反应温度和热处理温度等因素对产物性能的影响规律。并用X射线衍射仪（XRD）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）对粉体的结构、形貌进行了表征。研究发现：在制备工艺条件pH值为7,Fe与Ba之比在10～12之间,溶胶温度为60℃,450℃预热处理1h后,经850℃热处理3h,能够形成单一、均匀的M型钡铁氧体,饱和磁化强度为57.25emu/g,磁性较强,属于一种永磁体材料。     

钡铁氧体超细粉末的制备

研究了溶胶-凝胶法制备M型钡铁氧体超细粉体过程中,起始溶液的组成、溶液pH值、反应温度和热处理温度等因素等对产物性能的影响.用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)对粉体的结构、形貌进行表征.研究发现,pH值为7,Fe与Ba之比在10~12之间,溶胶温度为60℃,450℃预热处理1 h后,经850℃热处理3 h,都能够形成单一、均匀的M型钡铁氧体.     

pH值和烧结条件对溶胶-凝胶合成LiMn_2O_4粉体晶相结构和形貌的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法合成了尖晶石型LiMn2O4粉体,借助TG-DTA(热重/差热分析仪)、XRD(X射线衍射)、SEM(扫描电镜)等测试手段,详细讨论了反应溶液的pH值和凝胶的烧结条件(包括烧结温度、烧结时间、升温速率)对产物晶相结构和形貌的影响.结果表明烧结温度对所制备LiMn2O4粉体的晶相结构和形貌具有重要的影响;在适宜的烧结温度(750℃)前提下,pH值、烧结时间和升温速率对产品晶相结构影响甚微,仅对其形貌具有一定影响.适宜的sol-gel制备LiMn2O4粉体的工艺条件为:pH=6.5、烧结温度为750℃、烧结时间为7h、升温速率为5℃/min.     

银氨体系抗坏血酸还原制备超细球形银粉

以银氨为原料,抗坏血酸为还原剂制备超细球形银粉。考察加料速度、溶液初始pH、反应温度、AgNO_3溶液浓度等工艺参数对银粉形貌、粒径的影响,对银粉进行扫描电镜、X线衍射和ζ电位分析等表征,研究银粉的分散和生长机理。研究结果表明:采用快速加料法,在硝酸银溶液浓度不大于0.5 mol/L,反应温度低于60℃,银氨溶液初始pH为12.0,不使用分散剂的条件下,可制备出分散性好,形貌规则的球形银粉。银粒子在该体系中具有自分散作用,银粉的生长符合二段生长模型。     

球形SiO2的制备研究

以硅酸钠为原料,乙酸乙酯为酸化剂,采用化学沉淀法制备了单分散球形SiO2颗粒。以粒径和球形度为考察对象,讨论了工艺因素对产品性能的影响,结果表明,最佳工艺条件为：反应温度40℃,硅酸钠浓度2％,搅拌速度400r／min,乙醇浓度7％,NaCl浓度1．0％。在此条件下制得的产物经TEM、XRD表征表明：SiO2颗粒基本为单分散、球形,平均粒径为120nm,且为无定形结构。     

纳米SiO2的制备及性能研究

 用溶胶—凝胶法制备了纳米SiO₂,考察了溶胶的浓度和pH值对凝胶时间的影响,并用FT-IR,XRD和TEM研究了其在热处理过程中的物相及显微结构.结果表明:溶胶浓度和溶胶pH值对凝胶时间影响较大.在温度为600℃时,经过烧结晶化,可制得纳米二氧化硅,其平均粒径20nm,外观形状呈球形,且热稳定性良好.     

稀土掺杂荧光材料CaMoO4:Eu3+的制备及发光性研究

以钼酸铵、硝酸钙和三氧化二铕为原料,通过化学沉淀法制备稀土掺杂的发红光材料CaMoO4:Eu3+,并利用X射线衍射、激发发射光谱对粉体的结构、发光性能进行了表征.实验结果表明,在反应溶液pH值为7、反应温度为60℃、烧结温度为900℃、掺入物质的量分数为25%的Eu3+的工艺条件下制备了质量性能优良的CaMoO4:Eu...     

液相沉淀法制备钒酸铁的实验研究

采用液相沉淀法制备了结晶型FeVO4,借助X射线衍射(XRD)和SEM等分析方法,考察了溶液pH值和反应温度对沉淀产物的影响.结果表明:在pH值为1.5~2,温度25℃,n(V)/n(Fe)为1和静置时间60 min的条件下,获得了粒度比较均匀、形貌比较规则且呈球形的钒酸铁晶体;随着pH值增加,沉淀物中出现了Fe2O3相,FeVO4相消失;温度对钒酸铁的制备影响也较大,升高温度的同时需要及时调整pH值.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.