真空中谐振微梁的品质因数

考虑到谐振微梁振动时,撞击在微梁两侧的分子数目和分子速率分布的差异,对Ｋａｄａｒ等人提出的撞击微梁的分子速率分布函数做了修正．利用修正后的模型,对真空中运动微梁的品质因数进行了理论分析．结果表明,修正后的理论值比原理论值与实验值符合得更好,对于谐振微梁结构参数的优化设计具有一定的指导意义．同时,在高真空区域,考虑了谐振微梁本征阻尼与分子碰撞耦合效应,消除了原有处理方法在该区域出现的折点．     

多出口室内行人出口选择行为研究

【目的】研究行人流在不同设定条件下选择合理出口的行为,为多出口室内行人疏散提供参考。【方法】采用元胞自动机模型,在静态场的基础上,模拟行人流在多出口室内的出口选择行为。在模型中引入出口代价,即行人选择目标出口时需要考虑的距离及其与他人竞争因素的加权平均(权重为k)。为实现出口选择机制,赋予每个出口元胞1个单元场,当行人评估出室内最小代价值的出口时,选用该出口的单元场来进行迁移。【结果】当权重k合适(区间较大)时,在初始行人分布均匀或不均匀、出口分布对称或不对称,以及在疏散过程中增加应急出口的情况下,行人都会充分利用空闲的出口,使不同的出口都聚集大致相等的人数;而且应急出口打开时间越早行人流疏散的效果越好,应急出口打开过晚时行人疏散的效果甚至会比没有应急出口的情况还差。【结论】出口代价的引入,使模型能合理地描述多出口的室内行人疏散。     

High-energy resolution μ-XRF analysis by position sensitive spectrometer

With a high-energy resolution micro-X-ray fluorescence (μ-XRF) analysis setup, which basically consists of an X-ray microbeam formed by an X-ray focusing lens combined with an X-ray apparatus and a wavelength dispersive position sensitive spectrometer with a flat crystal (PSS), preliminary results have been obtained. The counting rate of the analyzed element linearly increased with the power of X-ray apparatus, and the energy resolution, full width of half maximum (FWHM) of Ka lines of Ti and Cr reached 16.6 and 23.6 eV, respectively. The Cr Kb and Mn Ka lines in a sample of stainless steel could clearly be resolved. The above-mentioned results are also compared with those obtained by synchrotron radiation light microbeam combined with the PSS. The facts show that the high-energy resolution element analysis is feasible by using the setup. Moreover, problems for the setup and the ways to resolve them are discussed as well.     

可重组制造系统车间设施动态重构研究

针对制造系统车间设施重构的决策问题,给出了面向可重组制造系统车间设施动态重构方法.利用多色图理论着色原理定义设施围道,建立制造车间多色图模型,通过布尔矩阵生成车间作业单元配置模型和物流模型,并构建工艺可行的作业单元配置方案;利用仿真分析软件构建作业单元配置方案的数字化仿真模型,结合生产物流及设施利用率分析,重构作业单元内设施系统.以某公司机械加工车间为研究对象,验证了车间设施动态重构过程的可行性和有效性.     

APC-dependent proteolysis of the mitotic cyclin Clb2 is essential for mitotic exit

Cyclin degradation is central to regulation of the cell cycle. Mitotic exit was proposed to require degradation of the S phase cyclin Clb5 by the anaphase-promoting complex activated by Cdc20 (APC(Cdc20)). Furthermore, Clb5 degradation was thought to be necessary for effective dephosphorylation and activation of the APC regulatory subunit Cdh1 (also known as Hct1) and the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor Sic1 by the phosphatase Cdc14, allowing mitotic kinase inactivation and mitotic exit. Here we show, however, that spindle disassembly and cell division occur without significant APC(Cdc20)-mediated Clb5 degradation, as well as in the absence of both Cdh1 and Sic1. We find instead that destruction-box-dependent degradation of the mitotic cyclin Clb2 is essential for mitotic exit. APC(Cdc20) may be required for an essential early phase of Clb2 degradation, and this phase may be sufficient for most aspects of mitotic exit. Cdh1 and Sic1 may be required for further inactivation of Clb2-Cdk1, regulating cell size and the length of G1.     

压电粘弹性微梁的粘附分析

以处于粘附状态下的压电粘弹性微梁为研究对象，通过引入参数剥离数表示其粘附特征，分析了压电电压、粘弹性参数和几何参数对处于粘附状态下压电粘弹性微梁剥离数的影响.结果表明，压电电压能有效提高微梁的剥离数，这给通过压电电压修复已处于粘附状态的压电微梁提供了理论依据和参考.同时，微梁的几何参数对微梁的剥离数也有着重要影响，这对微梁的设计造成了一定的限制.     

Qinghu zircon: A working reference for microbeam analysis of U-Pb age and Hf and O isotopes

Zircon is the most useful mineral for studies in U-Pb geochronology and Hf and O isotope geochemistry. Matrix effect is a major problem of the microbeam techniques such as SIMS and LA-（MC）-ICPMS. Therefore, external standardization using well-characterized natural zircon standards is fundamental for accurate microbeam measurements. While the isotopic geochro- nology and geochemistry laboratories equipped with microbeam analytical facilities have been increasingly established in China during the past decade, applications of the isotopic microanalysis are still limited due to shortage of available standards. We report here the Qinghu zircon as a potential new working reference for microbeam analysis of zircon U-Pb age and O-Hf isotopes. This zircon was separated from the Qinghu quartz monzonite from the western Nanling Range, Southeast China. It is fairly homoge- neous in U-Pb age and Hf and O isotopes in terms of large amounts of mircobeam measurements by LA-MC-ICPMS and SIMS at the scales of 20-60 ~tm. SIMS measurements yield consistent 2~6pb/238U age within analytical uncertainties with that obtained by ID-TIMS. Precise determinations of O isotopes by IRMS and Hf isotopes by solution MC-ICPMS are in good agreement with the statistical mean of microbeam measurements. We recommend U-Pb age of = 159.5 ± 0.2 Ma （2SE）, δ^18O = 5.4‰ ± 0.2%0 （2SD） and 176Hf/177Hf = 0.283002 ± 0.000004 （2SD） as the best reference values for the Qinghu zircon.     

Bernoulli-Euler微梁振动特性的尺寸效应

基于修正偶应力理论推导任意截面形状Bernoulli-Euler微梁的变形能、弯曲刚度、外力功、动能等基本变量的偶应力理论表达式,进而通过Hamilton原理建立Bernoulli-Euler微梁的偶应力理论动力微分方程。根据偶应力理论弯曲刚度表达式,研究任意截面形状Bernoulli-Euler微梁弯曲刚度的尺寸效应,分析泊松系数和截面形状对Bernoulli-Euler微梁弯曲刚度及其尺寸效应的影响。基于偶应力理论动力微分方程,求解Bernoulli-Euler简支微梁的偶应力理论固有频率,据此研究任意面形状Bernoulli-Euler微梁固有频率的尺寸效应,分析泊松系数和截面形状对Bernoulli-Euler微梁固有频率及其尺寸效应的影响。结果表明,建立的由基本变量偶应力理论表达式和偶应力理论动力微分方程构成的动力学模型能有效地描述任意截面形状Bernoulli-Euler微梁动力学特性的尺寸效应。     

《物流管理》课程中"单设施选址模型"教学探讨

设施选址是物流管理的重要环节,其中单设施选址模型是最基本、也是最重要的选址模型. 重心法是求解单设施选址模型的重要方法,因此,本文从重心法原理、重心法计算步骤及重心法的程序实现等环节对"重心法"的教学进行了设计.     

氢等离子体特性及其对钨的辐照行为研究

本文依托四川大学直线等离子体装置(SCU-PSI)产生高通量氢等离子体,采用朗缪尔探针对氢等离子体特性进行诊断,研究了氢等离子体特性随放电电流、气体流量等输入条件的演变规律;并利用调控产生的氢等离子体对纯钨进行了相应的辐照研究. 实验结果显示, 在磁场0.1~0.2 T、气流量1 000~2 200 sccm和电流180~228 A范围内,氢等离子体通量密度、热负荷密度及电子密度、温度等参数与磁场和电流呈正相关关系,而与气体流量呈负相关关系. 在该范围内,最高等离子体密度达到2.6×1019 m-3,等离子体通量达到8.8×1022 m-2?s-1,热负荷达到6.5×104 W/m2. 利用调控产生的等离子体对纯钨样品进行初步辐照实验,结果显示随着入射等离子体特性的不同,样品表面出现不同程度的尺寸和密度不均匀颗粒状辐照损伤结构,并且颗粒尺寸随氢等离子体离子通量的增加而增大. 本文结果显示SCU-PSI可以产生理想的氢等离子体环境,因此可以作为未来聚变领域,研究氢等离子体和托卡马克装置面向等离子体材料钨以及相应结构材料相互作用的有效实验装置.     

放射治疗处方剂量(MU)计算程序设计

常规外照射治疗时，通常要由查表的方法来确定百分深度剂量PDD、组织最大剂量比TMR、楔形因子以及射野输出因子，从而计算出加速器跳数(姗)，手工计算既费时又麻烦．本文通过分析这些参数的物理意义以及它们和跳数(姗)的关系，然后利用Delphi的语言Pascal设计了一组简单、易行的计算程序，实现了上述参数的自动计算，该程序操作简单、计算结果可靠，可广泛用于外照射治疗参数计算，从而得出MU值。     

Cell determination and regulation during development of neuroblasts and neurones in grasshopper embryo

The embryonic development of the central nervous system (CNS) involves the generation of an enormous diversity of cellular types arranged and interconnected in a remarkably precise pattern. In each hemisegment of the grasshopper embryo, the ectoderm generates a stereotyped pattern of 30 neuronal precursor cells, called neuroblasts (Fig. 1). Each of these stem cells makes a stereotyped contribution of 6-100 progeny to the approximately 1,000 different neurones, each cell identifiable according to its unique morphology, physiology and biochemistry. What are the contributions of cell interactions and cell lineage to the generation of this diversity and specificity of identified neurones in the grasshopper CNS? Here we report on cell ablations with a laser microbeam at different stages of development. Our results suggest the importance of cell-cell interactions in the determination of ectodermal cells to become identified neuroblasts. However, once a neuroblast begins to divide, then cell lineage appears to play an important role in the determination of its stereotyped family of neuronal progeny. Furthermore, cell-specific interactions continue to play an important role as neurones, according to their mitotic ancestry, recognize and interact with other differentiating neurones in their environment.     

在无界凸区域上多个布朗运动之和首冲时

考虑在无界区域中Bessel函数下多个布朗运动和的首冲时问题.介绍了利用高斯计算技巧和Slepian不等式得到的单个布朗运动在无界开区域Rd+1中首冲时的上﹑下界的渐近估计,然后考虑了多个布朗运动的和在Bessel函数下首冲时的上﹑下界渐近估计.首先考虑在移动边界下的首冲时问题,之后再推广到无界区域中多个布朗运动的和.说明单个的布朗运动首冲时问题,可以推广到多个布朗运动之和的首冲时问题.     

Flow Chamber流动腔高度的数值研究

平行平板流动腔是当前研究不同切应力下细胞的变形特点的主要工具之一，通过ANSYS计算力学软件，对相同压力边界条件下不同高度的流动腔内的定常不可压粘性流体的流动进行了数值研究，发现Flow Chamber流动腔底部切应力只有在离两端有一定距离的中间部分才是均匀分布的，而在入口和出口都有比较大的跳跃，入口处的切应力值明显要大干出口处．     

基于Visual Studio环境的WDM设备驱动程序构造的方法

在Visual Studio中创建了程序的工程之后，必须经过编译、链接才能构成程序可执行文件，但由于Visual Studio不能用于内核程序的构造，所以常常需要退出编辑环境，使用DDK中提供的专用工具Build来构造设备驱动程序，为了提高驱动程序的开发效率，简化驱动程序的构造过程，可以通过改变设置，从Visual Studio直接构造WDM驱动程序，文中详细介绍了在Visual Studio平台下，通过建立Makefile项目，激活DDK Build命令行程序构造WDM设备驱动程序的方法，此外给出了必要的构造文件，包括SOURCES文件、MakeDrvier.bat、makefile文件的源代码．该方法对DDK驱动程序开发具有较高的参考价值。     

黄荆叶表皮形态结构及其生态适应性研究

利用光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察我国西南岩溶区典型次生灌草丛建群种-黄荆成熟叶的上、下表皮形态,观察指标包括气孔器、表皮毛、表皮细胞等.研究结果表明:自然分布广、适应性强的黄荆在叶表皮形态上具有气孔密度大(气孔密度为370~500个/mm2)并仅出现在下表皮、表皮细胞小、上下表皮被毛及具有蜡质文饰等特征,以上特征有利于减少黄荆体内水分的散失,进而适应岩溶干旱环境.     

向心透平二维设计通用程序的分析方法及结构

本文发展了一种适用于向心透平设计分析的通用计算机程序。该程序利用合理的几何模型和损失模型,使设计更准确、合理;在叶轮出口处,较好地考虑了参数的径向变化;此外,该程序还具有多种分析求解的功能,对不同设计要求具有较好的适应性。经与设计实例比较,该程序计算结果与实例吻合较好,具有实用价值。     

研究对流和漏的缝隙对大分子传质的影响——一个改进的数学模型

本文对Tzeghai [1]等大分子传质模型进行了两点重要改进:(1)改进了缝隙出口处边界条件的提法,从而得到了简单的分析解,比他们的数值解节省了计算时间几十倍甚至上百倍,而结果在图形上分辨不出差别来。(2)考虑动脉壁的非各向同性效应。计算结果表明,对于转换数大于1％,对流影响较大,特别是对于薄的动脉壁,对流影响不能忽略。说明了实验上所观察到的人工诱导的广泛的细胞损伤所产生的吸收量增加很大可能由于对流的作用。     

填埋场渗漏检测高压直流电法的正演解析

针对填埋场渗漏检测高压直流电法的传统理论模型在解析膜下介质中的电势分布规律时存在的问题，提出了将单衬层填埋场看作水平方向为无穷大的三层均匀介质，漏洞电流视为位于电流流入端的负电流源和位于电流流出端的正电流源的叠加的理论模型，对模型中各层介质的电势分布规律进行了正演解析。通过对模型解析结果的计算机模拟和中试填埋场膜上、膜下的试验比较，结果表明，模型计算的理论值与实测值吻合较好。     

Induction of tolerance by monoclonal antibody therapy

A major goal in immunology has been to find a means of selectively abolishing an individual's potential to mount an immune response to certain antigens, while preserving responsiveness to others. The facility to induce such specific immunological unresponsiveness in an adult would have major implications for tissue-grafting, the control of allergy and for treatment of autoimmune disease. Classical work has shown that immunosuppressive regimes, such as irradiation, anti-lymphocyte globulin or thoracic duct drainage, may facilitate tolerance induction. We describe here a technique by which the immune system of mice can be manipulated to be tolerant to certain protein antigens by administering these during a brief pulse of treatment with a monoclonal antibody directed to the L3T4 molecule on helper T lymphocytes. This technique has the potential to form the basis of a novel generalized means of tolerance induction.