不锈钢地铁车辆设计及整车碰撞研究

针对地铁车特点进行不锈钢地铁车被动安全设计时难点之一是其端部吸能结构的耐撞性设计。本文依据地铁车体耐撞性设计理念,在车体端部结构中设计整体承载式专用吸能结构。建立头车及中间车车体有限元模型,进行编组列车的碰撞数值仿真。研究结果表明:整体承载式专用吸能结构在撞击过程中发生稳定有序的塑性变形,冲击能量的47%转化为专用吸能结构的塑性变形,表明该车的耐撞性符合设计理念。     

不锈钢地铁车辆设计及整车碰撞研究

针对地铁车特点进行不锈钢地铁车被动安全设计时难点之一是其端部吸能结构的耐撞性设计。本文依据地铁车体耐撞性设计理念,在车体端部结构中设计整体承载式专用吸能结构。建立头车及中间车车体有限元模型,进行编组列车的碰撞数值仿真。研究结果表明：整体承载式专用吸能结构在撞击过程中发生稳定有序的塑性变形,冲击能量的47％转化为专用吸能结构的塑性变形,表明该车的耐撞性符合设计理念。     

动车组被动安全防护装置分析

对一种动车组头车被动安全防护装置的组成、作用原理及其防爬能力的影响因素进行了分析。结果表明:在理想(对中)的碰撞情况下,该被动安全防护装置能够通过多级吸能装置收碰撞能量,但由于实际碰撞场景的偶然性及多样性,该被动安全防护装置很难发挥作用,有可能导致爬车、脱轨等现象,今后一方面应进一步探索设计可加强车体自身抵抗横向屈曲或Z字变形能力的结构,并研制列车防脱轨装置;另一方面应在满足被动安全防护装置吸能要求的基础上对其防爬齿进行优化设计研究,探索设计参数的最佳匹配方法,尽可能提高其防爬能力。     

列车耐碰撞系统有限元和多体动力学联合仿真

研究基于有限元和多体动力学技术进行列车耐碰撞系统设计的联合仿真策略.通过非线性有限元分析获得车辆吸能部件在碰撞时的力—位移关系曲线,以该曲线模拟车辆连挂之间的非线性弹簧特性,运用多体动力学技术进行了两列车的碰撞动力学仿真.通过仿真分析碰撞中列车各车辆间的作用力、变形、速度、加速度以及各个吸能部件的能量吸收等数值,实现了对新设计列车碰撞被动安全系统总体性能的评估.与高速碰撞相比,在中低速碰撞工况下,头车与第2节车体端部连接处吸收的动能占总动能的比例更高.联合仿真能较真实地模拟列车碰撞的全过程,验证了联合仿真策略的可行性.     

高速客车轻量化车体耐碰撞结构的优化设计

提出了基于最轻量优化的高速客车车体耐碰撞结构设计策略 ,通过多层优化技术 ,满足在常规载荷工况下结构处于弹性状态 ,在碰撞载荷工况下局部预定部位发生塑性大变形 ,而客室的主体结构仍处于弹性状态 ,从而实现耐撞击车体结构轻量化设计的目标 .运用线性和非线性有限元技术以车体概念模型和高速客车实车为例进行了优化设计 ,证实了优化设计策略的可行性和有效性 .     

列车车体铝合金动态力学性能及其对吸能的影响

为了研究车用5083H111铝合金材料的动态力学性能及其对结构吸能的影响,分别对该材料进行动态冲击拉伸和动态冲击压缩试验,获得不同应变率下的材料本构关系。以车辆防爬吸能结构为载体,采用3种材料模型,对比分析该铝合金材料的动态力学性能对车体吸能结构吸能容量的影响。研究结果表明:5083H111铝合金材料在低应变率情况下存在应变率软化效应,在中低应变率范围内存在应变率软化再强化特性;在高应变率情况下,这种材料表现出明显的应变率强化效应;列车碰撞的应变率数量级范围为0~2,属于中低应变率范围;对于5083H111铝合金制成的车体吸能结构,考虑应变率效应的结构的实际吸能量要比不考虑应变率效应的相同结构的吸能量小。     

非对称变形模式下薄壁组合结构耐撞性研究

基于单一薄壁金属结构具有稳定的、可控的塑性变形吸能优点及存在碰撞界面力过载缺点的现状,本文提出承载能力更高、界面力更加稳定的组合结构的设计理念,并对单层薄壁结构及双层薄壁组合结构进行有限元建模,利用非线性显示动态有限元软件LS-DYNA对其耐撞性进行分析。研究表明:在非对称变形模式下,薄壁组合结构耐撞性特性优于单层结构;对组合结构加工V型诱导槽后,其缓冲特性有较大提高,能进一步有效地控制吸能过程中的过载情况。     

非对称变形模式下薄壁组合结构耐撞性研究

基于单一薄壁金属结构具有稳定的、可控的塑性变形吸能优点及存在碰撞界面力过载缺点的现状,本文提出承载能力更高、界面力更加稳定的组合结构的设计理念,并对单层薄壁结构及双层薄壁组合结构进行有限元建模,利用非线性显示动态有限元软件LS-DYNA对其耐撞性进行分析。研究表明：在非对称变形模式下,薄壁组合结构耐撞性特性优于单层结构;对组合结构加工V型诱导槽后,其缓冲特性有较大提高,能进一步有效地控制吸能过程中的过载情况。     

桥墩复合材料防车撞结构碰撞性能试验研究

针对桥墩车辆碰撞的问题,设计了钢夹层和蜂窝复合材料相结合的桥梁防车撞吸能结构.为研究耐撞性能进行了材料性能试验和全尺寸防撞结构的碰撞试验,试验得到最大碰撞力为547.6 kN.通过对比试验获得碰撞响应与规范设计值,得出试验结果满足碰撞条件容差要求,可用于后期的数值模型验证,为类似吸能结构的设计提供参考.钢夹层-复合材料桥梁防车撞吸能结构可以减小桥墩的局部损伤和整体破坏,从而达到保护桥墩的目的.     

八边形逐级吸能梁的设计与优化

研究了一种八边形截面逐级吸能梁结构的设计与优化方法.建立了八边形逐级吸能梁的有限元模型,通过台车试验验证了模型的有效性.采用均匀试验设计方法制订并进行了一系列不同壁厚的八边形逐级吸能梁碰撞仿真,利用仿真结果建立八边形逐级吸能梁的耐撞性回归方程,并进行了回归分析.利用遗传算法,以八边形逐级吸能梁壁厚为变量,对该吸能梁耐撞性进行多目标优化设计,获得一组耐撞性较好的八边形逐级吸能梁设计方案,并将优化方案用于车架耐撞性改进.仿真及试验结果表明,该八边形逐级吸能结构变形吸能均匀,能够更好地达到碰撞安全性要求.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.