微乳条件下磷酸氢锆催化环己酮液相氨肟化反应研究

针对环己酮(CYC)液相氨肟化制备环己酮肟(CHO)用到昂贵的TS-1催化剂,寻找该反应的新型催化剂是降低其成本的根本方法.以磷酸氢锆为催化剂,聚乙二醇-6000(PEG-6000)为表面活性剂,叔丁醇为助表面活性剂,水为溶剂,构建了新型的微乳反应体系.考察了表面活性剂的种类、表面活性剂的量、催化剂的量、底物物料比、双氧水添加方式、反应温度、反应时间等对环己酮氨肟化反应的影响.结果表明,在环己酮为0.01mol,反应物摩尔比n(CYC)∶n(NH3·H2O)∶n(H2O2)=1∶5∶2.3,催化剂磷酸氢锆0.5g,表面活性剂PEG-6000 1.3g,助表面活性剂叔丁醇2mL,水4mL,双氧水一次性加入,65℃反应3.5h的条件下,环己酮的转化率和环己酮肟的收率可分别达到95.3%和69.1%.     

二(2-乙基己基)磷酸钠微乳液的性质研究

研究了二（２＿乙基己基）磷酸钠盐—醇—有机溶剂—水体系微乳液的性质，得到了其结构参数，并讨论了其影响因素．     

合成条件及添加三乙醇胺对水热法合成TS-1分子筛及其性能的影响

以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)、钛酸丁酯(TBOT)、四丙基氢氧化铵(TPAOH)分别作硅源、钛源及模板剂水热合成了TS1分子筛.考察了TEOS水解时的水硅比、TEOS水解温度、TPAOH用量及添加三乙醇胺(TEA)对TS1分子筛合成及其性能的影响.采用XRD、SEM、N2吸附等手段对试样进行表征,同时以环己酮氨肟化反应考察试样的催化活性.结果表明,TEOS水解过程中,n(H2O)/n(SiO2)在20～40的范围内对TS1的合成及性能影响不大.水解温度较高(60 ℃)时,加入少量TPAOH (n(TPAOH)/n(SiO2)=0.125)即可得到性能较好的TS1,而在水解过程中添加适量TEA则能进一步改善TS1分子筛的性能.在水解温度为60 ℃、n(SiO2)∶n(TPAOH)∶n(TEA)∶n(H2O)为1∶0.125∶0.065∶20时合成出的TS1用于环己酮氨肟化反应,环己酮转化率达到90.7%,环己酮肟选择性达到92.4%,催化活性与高TPAOH用量合成的TS1接近,而TPAOH的用量大大降低.     

两类樟脑肟醚化合物的合成与生物活性

报道了β－芳氧乙基及β－胺基乙基两类樟脑肟醚的制备方法。一、梓脑肟与β－芳氧基溴乙烷在ＮａｏＨ－甲苯和相转移催化剂存在下反应，得到化合物１ａ－１ｈ。二、梓脑肟与环氧乙烷经碱性开环生成β－羟乙基樟脑肟醚，其苯酸酯经常压胺化得到化合物２ａ－２ｄ，并对其中一些化合物进行了初步的生物活性测定。     

反相微乳液中血红蛋白生物催化聚合芳杂环高分子

血红蛋白在双[2-乙基己酯]-磺酸基琥珀酸钠(Aerosol OT,AOT)形成的反相微乳液胶束中,在过氧化氢的存在下生物催化聚合邻苯二胺,所得产物与化学法合成的聚合物的热稳定性相当.推测所得产物为含有2,3-二氨基吩嗪和喹喔啉重复单元的芳杂环高分子纳米结构材料.     

微乳液法制备纳米Al2(WO4)3

对微乳液法制备纳米Al2(WO4)3进行了研究.分别以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)和二(2-乙基己基)磺基琥珀酸钠(AOT)为表面活性剂,在表面活性剂-正辛烷-盐水体系的W/O微乳液区成功地合成了纳米Al2(WO4)3.实验结果表明,以AOT为表面活性剂的微乳液体系制备的纳米Al2(WO4)3颗粒小,粒度分布均匀,其颗粒大小在40 nm左右且为球形.同时还在CTAB/正丁醇-正辛烷-盐水体系的W/O微乳液区、O/W微乳液区和液晶区合成了Al2(WO4)3,并将产物进行了比较.结果表明,在W/O微乳液区能够合成出粒度分布较均匀且粒径在100 nm以内的纳米Al2(WO4)3.     

羟胺制备-肟化工艺的动态模拟

对羟胺制备和肟化反应器的类型和物料的流动方式进行了分析。根据物料衡算及能量衡算的关系式,结合磷酸羟胺(HPO)法制备环己酮肟的反应动力学模型,建立了羟胺制备反应器的全混流和羟胺肟化反应器的活塞流动态数学模型,得到了环己酮转化率。模拟结果与实际生产过程相符,表明建立的模型可以准确的模拟工艺过程。     

TS-1催化丁酮氨氧化合成丁酮肟的本征动力学

丁酮肟是一种性能优良的精细化学品,钛硅分子筛TS-1催化丁酮(MEK)氨氧化是合成丁酮肟的绿色工艺。本文研究了TS-1催化丁酮氨氧化直接合成丁酮肟的动力学。在实验条件下,当搅拌速率大于600 r/min时,外扩散的影响基本消除;TS-1催化剂的平均粒径约为170 nm,其内扩散的影响可以忽略,反应进入动力学控制区。本征动力学方程中丁酮、NH_3和H_2O_2的反应级数分别为0.807、1.151和0.391,反应活化能为67.45 k J/mol,反应指前因子为9.392×107L1.349/(mol1.349·min)。研究结果可为TS-1催化丁酮氨氧化合成丁酮肟工艺设计提供依据。     

乙二胺改性对Silicalite-1催化环己酮肟气相Beckmann重排反应性能的影响

为研究乙二胺改性对Silicalite-1分子筛催化环己酮肟气相Beckmann重排反应性能的影响,考察了不同处理温度、时间等因素对催化剂结构和活性位的作用效果。通过表征和催化反应评价发现：乙二胺改性能够保持Silicalite-1原有的分子筛结构,同时可以选择性的减弱末端硅羟基并促进具有重排活性的硅羟基窝的形成,改性后分子筛的催化稳定性和产物选择性后得到了改善。     

AOT/异辛烷反相微乳液的增溶与电导性质研究

制备了AOT(二(2-乙基己基)磺化琥珀酸钠)/异辛烷溶液与水、DMF(N,N-二甲基甲酰胺),以及水和DMF的混合溶液(体积比10:1)所形成的3种AOT/异辛烷/增溶物反相微乳液,用电导法考察了温度、AOT浓度、增溶物对体系的增溶性质及其电导行为的影响,以研究增溶与增溶物之间的关系.结果表明:AOT/异辛烷溶液对水的增溶能力随着AOT在异辛烷溶液中浓度的增大而提高.AOT/异辛烷/水、AOT/异辛烷/DMF、AOT/异辛烷/DMF与水的混合溶液三者具有相似的增溶性质与电导行为.最大增溶量与增溶物分子体积有关,分子体积越大,最大增溶量越小.该文结论对进一步研究反相微乳液体系增溶特性具有一定的参考价值.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.