纳米标记材料荧光碳点的制备

以葡萄糖为碳源,以聚乙二醇(PEG)为分散剂和表面修饰剂,采用微波法和水热法2种加热方法,探索了水溶性荧光纳米碳量子点(Carbon Quantum Dots,CQDs)的制备;探讨了碳量子点制备过程中反应温度、反应时间、PEG/葡萄糖摩尔比和p H值对碳量子点荧光性能的影响.实验结果表明,微波法合成碳量子点的影响因素的排列顺序为:反应时间反应物摩尔比反应温度,反应时间为2.5 min、摩尔比n(PEG-200):n(葡萄糖)=6∶1、反应温度为180℃,p H=9为微波法合成荧光碳量子点的最优条件,并在此优化条件下,对微波法和水热法制备的碳量子点的光学性质进行了初步比较,结果显示,水热法制备的荧光碳量子点性能略优于微波法,这2种方法制备的荧光碳量子点都具有较好的荧光性能,均能用于荧光标记领域.     

新型N,S共掺杂碳量子点的制备及其性能

通过水热反应法,以苹果酸、乙二胺(N源体)和L-半胱氨酸(S源体)为碳源,制备了N和S共掺杂的荧光碳量子点,对该碳量子点的形貌、结构、组成和光学性能进行了试验,试验选择150℃作为反应体系温度,pH值调整为8.0,反应时间为24 h.研究结果表明:制备的新型N,S共掺杂碳量子点粒径分布均匀,水溶性好;通过X射线电子能谱,发现新型N,S共掺杂碳量子点主要由C,N,O和S构成,N和S分别以氨基和磺酸基团的形式存在于碳量子点的表面;新型N,S-CDots的荧光量子产率达到了23.84%,表明其具有较好的荧光性能.     

生物功能化碳量子点制备

为了实现碳量子点在细胞荧光成像方面的应用,采用共价修饰的方法对碳量子点进行生物功能化.采用水热法,以柠檬酸为碳源,乙二胺为钝化剂合成了蓝色荧光碳量子点.为了进一步实现碳量子点的共价偶联,对碳量子点进行羧基化处理,然后通过两步功能分子修饰完成生物功能化碳量子点的制备.采用透射电子显微镜、荧光和紫外分光光度计、红外光谱仪、电位粒度分析仪及荧光共聚焦显微镜研究了生物功能化碳量子点的性质和功能.实验结果表明:聚乙二醇(PEG)和核定位肽TAT通过酰胺化反应成功修饰至碳量子点上,叶酸(FA)通过酯化反应成功修饰至PEG末端,两步共价修饰完成了生物功能化碳量子点的制备.该生物功能化碳量子点具有电中性、小尺寸、低毒性和细胞核靶向的功能,适用于细胞荧光成像分析.     

尿素还原法制备碳量子点

将富勒烯C_(60)和C_(70)分别在空气气氛中350℃下煅烧,然后采用尿素还原法在温和(90℃)条件下制备得到碳量子点;以透射电子显微镜、粉末X-射线衍射、拉曼光谱和傅里叶变换红外光谱等对碳量子点的组成和形貌进行表征,通过紫外-可见吸收光谱和荧光光谱对其光学性能进行研究;并推测碳量子点的形成机制.结果表明,在激发光波长为320nm时,两种碳量子点的荧光最大发射峰波长位于450nm附近,相对荧光量子产率分别为23.24%和27.55%,推测其形成机制为尿素对空气气氛中煅烧过的富勒烯表面氧化位点的还原.该结果为温和条件下合成碳量子点提供了一种新的思路.     

碳量子点荧光探针识别与测定水溶液中的Cr(Ⅵ)

以柠檬酸、乙二胺为原料,采用水热法制备碳量子点,利用透射电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱、拉曼光谱、紫外-可见分光光度计及荧光分光光度计表征碳量子点的形貌、化学成分、官能团以及荧光性能,考察了Cr(Ⅵ)阴离子对碳量子点荧光性能的影响.结果表明:Cr(Ⅵ)的加入改变了碳量子点紫外特征吸收峰的强度与位置,并使碳量子点的荧光发生静态猝灭;随着Cr(Ⅵ)浓度增加,碳量子点荧光的猝灭率呈线性变化.基于此,建立了以碳量子点为荧光探针识别与定量测定水溶液中Cr(Ⅵ)的方法,为发展水体中Cr(Ⅵ)的快速、灵敏检测技术奠定了基础.     

以焦粉为碳源所制荧光碳量子点的表征及性能分析

以焦粉为碳源,混合酸(浓H_2SO_4和浓HNO_3)为氧化剂,采用水热法制备荧光碳量子点。利用UVVis、FTIR、TEM、XRD等对其进行表征,并分析碳量子点的合成条件对碳量子点的结构和性能的影响。结果表明,合成条件对碳量子点性能的影响由主到次的顺序为:混合酸体积反应温度pH值反应时间;合成该碳量子点的最佳条件为:反应温度为95℃、混合酸体积为12mL、反应时间为9h及pH值为9,所制荧光纳米碳量子点的粒径较小且分布均匀,具有良好的水溶性。     

生物质碳量子点的合成及其性能研究

由于碳量子点(CQDs)在生物成像、标记以及检测等领域有着良好的发展前景,为此,开展对碳量子点的基础研究成为近年的研究热点。本实验以高温碳化的胡萝卜为碳源合成出水溶性的碳量子点,采用荧光分光光度计检测了CQDs对不同浓度重金属离子的荧光传感,探讨了溶液pH值对胡萝卜生物质碳合成的CQDs荧光性能的影响。实验结果表明,CQDs对不同浓度的重金属离子以及不同溶液pH值的荧光传感响应不同,其中对低浓度的Fe3+以及pH值为碱性时具有较好的荧光传感性能。     

水中痕量重金属离子的碳量子点荧光传感器检测法研究新进展

碳量子点具有优良的荧光特性、制备简单、成本低廉、毒性低、性能稳定和生物相容性好等优点,在荧光传感器方面展现出良好的应用前景,在金属离子检测和生化分析等领域引起了广泛关注。本文综述了碳量子点的制备方法及近5年碳量子点荧光传感器在检测水中痕量重金属离子方面的最新进展,并对碳量子点荧光传感器目前面临的挑战和今后的发展趋势进行了展望,以期为该领域的深入研究提供参考和借鉴。     

碳量子点槲皮素复合物的制备及其抑菌性能研究

在水相中采用葡萄糖化学氧化法合成了碳量子点,利用γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH560)对碳量子点表面进行修饰,通过表面接枝法将槲皮素接枝在碳量子点表面,制备出了碳量子点/槲皮素复合物,并用IR、TEM、荧光分析对碳量子点和复合物进行表征.选取金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌作为实验菌种,采用药敏片法对制得的产品进行了抑菌性能测试.结果表明,该方法制得的碳量子点粒径均匀,分散性好.在紫外灯的照射下,碳量子点与碳量子点/槲皮素复合物分别呈现出明亮的蓝色和绿色荧光.复合物对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌均有明显的抑菌作用,且明显强于槲皮素.     

碳量子点荧光猝灭法检测Hg~(2+)及其猝灭机理研究

以焦粉为原料,采用一步水热法合成荧光碳量子点,用合成的碳量子点对水中Hg~(2+)进行检测,并对Hg~(2+)与碳量子点的结合方式、反应机理等进行研究,探讨Hg~(2+)对碳量子点的荧光猝灭机理。结果表明,合成的碳量子点在用于Hg~(2+)检测时具有较好的单一选择性;Hg~(2+)对该碳量子点的荧光有猝灭效应;用碳量子点荧光猝灭法检测Hg~(2+),灵敏度高,对Hg~(2+)浓度的检测范围为1.0×10~(-8)～1.0×10~(-7) mol/L,检出限为1.0×10~(-8) mol/L;Hg~(2+)对碳量子点荧光猝灭的方式为静态猝灭,二者相互作用是自发进行的焓驱动过程,相互结合位点约为1,反应结合常数为1.0×10~5 L/mol。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.