混凝深度处理造纸废水的试验研究

为了提高造纸废水二级生化处理后出水的水质,采用混凝技术对该废水进行深度处理,考察pH值、混凝剂和絮凝剂种类及投加量等对处理性能的影响。结果表明,最佳运行参数:聚合氯化铝(PAC)投加量为140mg/L,pH值为8,COD去除率和脱色率分别为29.1%和60%;复合絮凝剂阳离子聚丙烯酰胺(CPAM)最优投加量为2mg/L,COD去除率和脱色率分别为35.7%和67.1%;复合脱色剂最优投加量为4mg/L,COD去除率和脱色率分别为44.1%和77.2%。最终出水COD和色度达到了造纸行业水污染物排放标准,为混凝深度处理造纸废水的工艺优化提供了理论依据,有利于该技术的推广应用。     

含酚废水的太阳光/Fenton氧化预处理技术

研究了模拟含酚废水的太阳光/Fenton 氧化预处理技术.结果表明,含酚废水经过适当程度的太阳光/Fenton氧化预处理后,不仅可去除废水的部分COD,还可显著提高废水的混凝性能及可生化性.COD为710.4 mg/L的苯酚废水,直接进行混凝处理时,COD的去除率仅为14.3%,单纯采用太阳光/Fenton氧化处理(氧化剂H2O2的用量为150mg/L)时COD去除率为32%,而采用太阳光/Fenton氧化预处理— 混凝法联合工艺处理后,COD的去除率可达到62.1%,远大于单纯混凝与单纯太阳光/Fenton氧化处理效果之和.实验结果还表明适当程度的太阳光/Fenton 氧化预处理可明显提高苯酚废水的可生化性,使废水的 BOD5/CODCr比值由0.10提高到0.32.     

Fenton试剂氧化处理拆弹炸药废水

本实验使用Fenton试剂对炸药废水进行处理时,通过考察反应时间、双氧水用量、硫酸亚铁用量、pH 以及反应温度对炸药废水TOC去除率的影响,同时应用正交实验设计确定Fenton试剂处理炸药废水的最佳操作条件. 结果表明,随着反应时间的延长,TOC的去除率增大,最佳反应时间为70 min,之后趋于平衡;当双氧水(30%)用量为70 mL/L、FeSO4用量为600 mg/L、pH为3、反应温度25℃时去除率最高,达到92.06%.调节pH值后去除率达96.23%, TNT含量1.8 mg/L.     

混凝沉淀试验对马铃薯淀粉废水处理的研究

通过混凝沉淀试验,用混凝剂聚合氯化铝PAC和助凝剂聚丙烯酰胺PAM复合预处理马铃薯淀粉废水,研究了pH值、PAC用量和PAM用量3因素对混凝效果的影响。结果表明,在pH为5左右,PAC用量为6g/l,PAM用量为0.4g/l条件下,废水的处理效果较为理想,COD去除率达41.7%,蛋白去除率达82.8%,减轻了后续处理系统的负担。     

超声预处理强化印染废水的生物降解性

文章以合肥某纺织厂的实际印染废水为处理对象,将超声波技术作为生化处理的预处理步骤,提高废水的可生化性,与混凝、厌氧生化处理单元组合,优化出一套印染废水的处理工艺.实验结果表明, CODCr质量浓度为1 000～1 500 mg/L的实际印染废水被稀释2倍,超声1 h的反应条件下,废水的CODB/COD值提高了19.7%,且经过组合工艺混凝沉淀-超声-SBR-混凝沉淀处理,出水水质的CODCr去除率达96%以上.     

壳聚糖絮凝剂对焦化废水生化出水的COD去除研究

采用壳聚糖对经过A/O生物处理后的焦化废水进行深度处理,考察pH值和投药量对混凝作用的影响。焦化废水生化出水的CODCr为367 mg·L-1,浊度为44 NTU,色度为75。通过对不同pH值(4~10)的混凝实验可以看出,当pH值为6时相同投药量下焦化废水生化出水的色度、浊度以及CODCr去除率达到最佳。当絮凝剂的投药量达到10 mg·L-1时各项指标的去除率最高,其色度、浊度和CODCr去除率分别为66.67%、50%和68%。最终出水达到了国家排放标准。     

混凝沉降法及Fenton氧化法预处理脱模剂废水的研究

分别采用混凝法和Fenton氧化法对齿轮生产车间脱模剂废水进行预处理,旨在降低其COD浓度,提高其可生化性,为后续生化处理做铺垫.混凝法使用FeCl3、PAC和复合混凝剂进行实验,经各项参数比对得出,在PAC投加量为1 400mg/L,原水pH调至7.0,沉淀时间为40min时,废水的COD去除率最高,可达96.8%.通过Fenton氧化实验得出,在H2O2投加量为6.6g/L,H2O2/Fe2+为10,原水pH调至3.0,反应时间为60min时,处理效果最好,COD去除率为88.4%.可见对于此类废水,在最佳条件下,选用混凝法处理效果更佳.     

Fenton试剂法处理造纸废水的应用研究

用Fenton法对造纸废水进行处理研究,讨论了处理造纸废水的影响因素:pH值,H2O2的用量,Fe2+投入量, 搅拌时间,搅拌速度以及光照时间等对CODcr去除率的影响,得到最佳工艺条件:pH=6.00,H2O2(30%)的用量为8. 34 mL/L,FeSO4投入量为6.67 g/L,搅拌速度为280 r/min,紫外光照80 min后废水的CODCr去除率达85.3%,出水CODcr降到350 mg/L,达到国家造纸废水排放标准.     

大孔树脂吸附法处理印染废水的研究

研究了大孔树脂吸附法处理直接红印染废水.考察了废水pH值、废水浓度、吸附时间和吸附剂用量对色度和浓度去除率的影响.结果表明:在pH值为8,废水浓度为9mg/L,反应时间为2小时,100ml废水中吸附剂用量为3g时,废水的色度去除率为93.9%,浓度去除率为97.9%.大孔树脂的重复使用性能良好.     

强化混凝预处理生物性污染实验室废水

考察了三种典型无机高分子混凝剂聚合氯化铝(PAC),聚合硫酸铁(PFS),聚合双酸铁(PAFCS),以及CaO/LAS摩尔比,助凝剂聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)、温度和pH条件对于强化混凝预处理生物性污染实验室废水效果的影响.实验结果表明:PAFCS处理效果最佳,在最大COD去除率时去除每kgCOD所需的PAFCS用量为PAC和PFS用量的1/6;去除每kgCOD所需的PAFCS药剂成本为PAC或PFS的1/5.确定PAFFS40 mg·L-1,CaO/LAS摩尔比0.75,PAM 1 mg·L-1,温度25℃,pH7为最佳反应条件,此时COD,LAS的去除率可分别达58%和53%,细菌和ATP去除率均为90%以上.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.