粘弹性胶束压裂液的流变动力学研究

研究了粘弹性胶束清洁压裂液(VES-60)的流变动力学,首次建立了粘弹性胶束的流变动力学模型和方程,并用于描述粘弹性胶束压裂液的形成过程。结果表明：流变动力学模型能够确切描述粘弹性胶束的形成过程,模型计算值和实验值吻合良好,模型参数物理意义明确、合理。     

二氧化氯、胶束酸对有机、无机堵塞物解除效果研究

通过对硫化亚铁、聚合物破胶残渣的溶解实验，模拟了二氧化氯与胶束酸溶液对采油井近井地带聚合物压裂液残渣、无机盐垢物等常见堵塞物的解除效果，提出了二氧化氯的有效浓度和作用时间，介绍了二氧化氯与胶束酸复合解堵技术。     

新型超高温压裂液的流变性能

利用羟丙基瓜胶和部分水解聚丙烯酰胺为复合增稠剂,引入具有延缓释放功能有机锆作为交联剂,开发新型超高温水基压裂液,并考察其流变性能。结果表明:引入复合增稠剂和具有延缓释放功能有机锆,能优化压裂液交联网络的结构;引入具有延缓释放功能有机锆使得压裂液在高温剪切过程中产生二次交联,从而极大提高压裂液的温黏性;在恒温200℃和剪切速率170 s-1条件下,连续剪切2 h以上,压裂液的剪切黏度大于80 mPa.s,可满足大庆油田4.7～5.0 km深层致密高温气藏增产改造的需要。     

CTAB形成胶束的热力学性质的微量量热法研究

用滴定量热计研究了离子表面活性剂CTAB在水溶液中形成胶束的过程，测出了胶束形成过程的热功率－时间曲线，得到了临界胶束浓度及有关的热力学参数。     

PMBPNa在有机相形成反向胶束过程的量热法

利用滴定微量量热仪研究了PMBPNa在苯，甲苯，二甲苯作溶剂时形成反向胶束过程，用处理非离子型表面活性剂在水中形成微乳液的方法来处理离子型表面活性剂在有机相中形成微乳液的过程，获得了PMBPNa在有机相中的临界胶束浓度、聚集数，胶束生成常数和有关的热力学函数。     

多糖水基压裂液添加剂

本文分析了国内外多糖水基压裂液添加剂的发展现状,指出植物胶和纤维素衍生物等多糖被广泛应用于配制水基压裂液。国外普遍使用瓜尔胶作胶凝剂。通过对瓜尔胶进行化学改性和使用新型交联剂,可以改善压裂液的耐温性,降低残渣量,并进一步发展延缓交联等新技术.文章还建议我国应努力开发适合我国条件的多糖压裂液新品种。     

聚苯乙烯磺酸钠与N,N-十二烷基二甲基氧化胺胶束相互作用的研究

采用浊度滴定法、电泳光散射光和动态激光光散射法研究了聚苯烯磺酸钠（NaPSS）和N－N－十二烷基二甲基氧化铵（DMDAO）胶束的相互作用，浊工滴定结果表明：在临界胶束质子化程度为βc时，NaPSS与DMDAO胶束发生相互作用而形成可溶络合物，此βc对应于介胶束表面电荷密度σc，动态光散射结果表明：在不同离子强度下，DMDAO分别形成了球状和棒状胶束，采用与之对应的模型，计算了临界结合时的胶束表面电荷密度，随着离子强度增加，σc增加，表明相互作用随屏蔽效应增大而减弱，电泳光散射结果也证实了相互作用的存在。     

非离子表面活性剂溶液自聚集行为的Monte Carlo模拟

用MonteCarlo方法模拟了非离子表面活性剂溶液形成胶束的情况。考察了链长、分子间相互作用能对表面活性剂的聚集能力、聚集形态的影响。模拟结果显示:尾基-溶剂间、尾基-尾基间的作用能越大,越易形成胶束,所对应的临界胶束浓度(CMC)越小,而头基-溶剂间的作用能对胶束的形成影响不大。CMC随表面活性剂链长的增加而降低。胶束在溶液中的形成过程经历了形成大胶束→大胶束分散为小胶束→小胶束再长大的过程。     

P204Na在有机相形成反向胶束过程的热力学性质

利用2277热活性滴定微量量热仪研究在不同有机溶剂中反向胶束的形成过程，测定了热功率一时间曲线，获得了P204Na在直链烷烃体系中的临界胶束浓度、聚集数，胶束生成常数和有关的热力学函数．     

β-环糊精对CTAB胶束催化羧酸酯水解的影响

在pH7.02，25℃下用分光光度法研究了β－环糊精对CTAB胶束催化PNPP，PNPA水解的影响。用胶束催化的相分离模型定量处理实验数据。通过对比结果可以看出，β－环糊精或β-环糊精与CTAB的复合物都不参与胶束的形成，也不影响胶束的聚集数。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to