沉积方式对HfO2薄膜激光损伤阈值的影响

分别采用电子束蒸镀、离子束辅助沉积、离子束反应辅助沉积、双离子束溅射技术制备了二氧化铪薄膜,研究了薄膜的光学特性、缺陷、残余应力、弱吸收和抗激光损伤阈值.发现离子束反应辅助沉积的二氧化铪薄膜具有低的缺陷密度和高的损伤阈值;双离子束溅射的二氧化铪薄膜具有高的折射率、高的残余应力和低的损伤阈值.对二氧化铪薄膜的损伤阈值与上述特性之间的依赖关系进行了讨论,发现残余应力是影响薄膜抗激光损伤阈值的一个重要原因.     

基于溶剂热反应快速沉积ZrO2-基激光光学薄膜

基于丙醇锆-乙酸-乙醇混合体系的溶剂热反应(423 K,10 h)合成了稳定的ZrO2-基溶胶,采用旋转镀膜技术在K9玻璃基片上制备了ZrO2-基光学薄膜。借助动态光散射、傅里叶变换红外光谱、原子力显微镜、紫外/可见/近红外透射光谱、FilmTMTek 3000型薄膜分析仪以及强激光辐照实验对溶胶与薄膜的微观结构及光学性能进行表征。研究发现,通过与溶剂乙醇的酯化反应和与丙醇锆的配合反应,乙酸具有温和地提供反应水和降低丙醇锆水解活性的双重作用。在各工艺参数适当配置的情况下,采用该方法可以快速合成颗粒流体力学直径为10 nm~15 nm的溶胶,由此沉积的薄膜具有平整的表面、较高的折射率1.633(测试波长为632 nm)和高的激光损伤阈值34.7 J/cm2(激光波长为1 064 nm,脉冲宽度为3 ns,"R/1"测试模式)。     

AF2400-SiO2疏水复合光学薄膜制备及其表征

采用溶胶-凝胶工艺制备低折射率二氧化硅(SiO2)增透薄膜,用AF2400(Telflon)对薄膜进行表面处理得到AF2400-SiO2疏水复合光学薄膜.对薄膜的表面形貌、疏水性能、光学性能等进行测试,结果显示AF2400-SiO2复合光学薄膜表面平整,折射率为1.21,疏水角可以达到110°~120°.     

水热法制备高折射率的HfO2光学薄膜

采用水热合成技术制备了HfO2胶体，用旋涂法镀制了单层HfO2介质膜．采用多种仪器设备对薄膜进行性能测试和表征，并用输出波长为1．06μm、脉宽为10ns的电光调Q激光系统产生的强激光测试薄膜的激光损伤阈值．研究表明，水热合成技术制备的HfO2薄膜具有较高的激光损伤阈值、折射率和较好的平整度．对HfO2薄膜激光损伤形貌和成因进行了研究．     

多孔SiO2减反射薄膜的低温制备及光伏应用

采用溶胶凝胶法,使用氨水催化前驱物正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)水解制备SiO2胶体.通过改变溶液浓度调节胶体粒子大小,旋涂低温制备不同折射率纳米多孔SiO2薄膜.使用激光粒度仪和透射电镜分析胶粒大小及分布,粒子分布均匀且在几十纳米范围;使用椭圆偏振仪、紫外/可见分光光度计、扫描电子显微镜表征减反射薄膜的光学性质和表面形貌,发现薄膜表面呈颗粒状且折射率较低,在400nm至800nm波段的透过率平均提高了4%.将溶胶涂在CdS/CdTe太阳电池基底背面,测试结果发现,使用减反射薄膜后电池吸收波段内量子效率(QE)提高,短路电流密度提高了4.45%;光电转换效率由11.50%提高到11.94%.     

多孔SiO_2减反射薄膜的制备研究及光伏应用

采用溶胶凝胶法,使用氨水催化正硅酸乙酯在乙醇溶剂中水解制备SiO_2溶胶,研究反应物浓度、退火温度及匀胶速率对多孔SiO_2减反射薄膜的光学性质的影响.结果表明,SiO_2溶胶颗粒尺寸随着乙醇用量的增加而减小,匀胶速率可以对薄膜厚度进行调整及制备出不同折射率的薄膜.乙醇用量为120 m L和转速为2000 r/min时,制备出的SiO_2薄膜具有最佳减反射性能.不同退火温度下,SiO_2溶胶颗粒尺寸、薄膜的光学性质均无明显改变.采用优化后的工艺制备出的多孔SiO_2减反射薄膜应用于Cd Te薄膜太阳电池上,在400 nm-800 nm波段,量子效率得到提高,积分短路电流密度提高了4.83%,光电转化效率由14.92%提高到15.45%.     

新型聚吡咯衍生物的大三阶非线性光学效应

制备了一种新型大π共轭高分子聚吡咯 { 2 ,5 二 [(对硝基 )苯甲烯 ]} (PPNB)的纳米薄膜 ,采用激光纵向扫描法研究了其三阶非线性光学性质 .测量了其非线性折射率和三阶非线性极化率 .研究发现该聚合物具有大的三阶非线性光学响应 ,其非线性折射率 (esu)为 1 4 7× 10 - 5,三阶非线性极化率 (esu)为 1 4 4× 10 - 8.从UV vis NIR吸收光谱可知 ,在波长为 532nm的激光照射下 ,PPNB的非线性吸收是双光子吸收 .对比PPNB的纳米薄膜和溶液的三阶非线性极化率和非线性折射率 ,发现纳米薄膜的三阶非线性极化率比溶液的高 2至 3倍 ,而非线性折射率则很接近 ,表明纳米薄膜的双光子非线性吸收比溶液强烈     

PbTiO3薄膜的非线性光学性质研究

用射频磁控溅射系统在α-Al2O3衬底上制备了具有钙钛矿结构的PbTiO3薄膜. 用光学透射测量方法得到了该薄膜材料的基本光学常数(带隙、线性折射率、线性吸收系数). 利用Z-扫描技术确定的非线性折射系数n2的符号及大小为-2.8×10-7esu,双光子吸收系数为51.8cm/GW.这些结果表明PbTiO3铁电薄膜在非线性光学上具有潜在的应用前景.     

SiO2/ZnO 三维光子晶体的制备及光学性质

采用垂直沉积法制备了三维SiO2光子晶体模板。以醋酸锌为前躯体,成功制备了SiO2/ZnO三维复合光子晶体。扫描电子显微镜测试结果表明SiO2和SiO2/ZnO光子晶体均为面心立方结构排列。光学测试表明SiO2和SiO2/ZnO周期性阵列均在[111]方向出现了光子带隙。当具有较高折射率的ZnO材料包覆后,SiO2/ZnO 光子晶体[111]方向光子带隙的中心波长发生红移,光子晶体基元材料的有效折射率有所增加。同时,光子晶体的光学性质与样品内部的缺陷态密度密切相关。     

热处理温度对溶胶-凝胶法制备的Ce_(0.97)Co_(0.03)O_2薄膜结构和光学性能的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法,在Si(100)衬底上制备了3%Co掺杂CeO2薄膜,研究了不同热处理温度对Ce0.97Co0.03O2薄膜结构和光学性质的影响。X射线衍射(XRD)表明,3%Co掺杂CeO2薄膜为多晶薄膜,且未破坏CeO2原有的结构,随着退火温度的升高,晶粒尺寸逐渐增大。椭偏光谱法研究表明,Ce0.97Co0.03O2薄膜的光学常数(折射率n、消光系数k)随着退火温度增加而增大,光学带隙Eg随退火温度增加而减小,这是薄膜结构随退火温度增加发生变化所致。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with