基于干扰观测器的二元机翼颤振抑制及阵风载荷减缓方法研究

针对大展弦比柔性飞机在飞行过程中面临的两类气动弹性问题:颤振抑制与阵风载荷减缓开展研究。首先,建立以飞行速度为时变参数的柔性二元机翼结构动力学模型。其次,提出了基于鲁棒预测控制方法的变参数柔性机翼颤振抑制;同时,引入干扰观测器对阵风扰动进行观测,以干扰估计作为抗干扰控制输入,实现阵风载荷减缓。然后,根据对偶原理,将控制器与观测器独立设计。运用极点配置方法,设计了离散系统干扰观测器。根据Lyapunov理论将变参数系统的鲁棒镇定与颤振抑制问题转换为极大/极小动态规划问题。通过线性矩阵不等式方法求解出相应的预测控制律,并证明了整个闭环系统的稳定性。最后,以某型柔性变参数二元机翼对象为例,进行仿真。结果表明,设计的鲁棒预测控制器可提高约20%的临界颤振速度,且阵风载荷减缓率达到90%。     

不确定非线性系统的鲁棒H_∞保性能控制

针对具有有界时变参数不确定性和外部干扰的非线性系统,提出了一种鲁棒H∞保性能控制设计方法.基于李雅普诺夫稳定性定理和多项式平方和(sum of squares,SOS)方法,直接对非线性模型采用非线性的控制方法,给出基于状态反馈的鲁棒H∞保性能控制器存在的充分条件,使得闭环系统对于所有可能的不确定性和外部干扰不仅能够鲁棒渐近稳定,同时还能够满足相应的二次性能指标和H∞性能指标.通过求解相应的凸优化问题,得到状态反馈控制器,使得二次型性能指标上界或H∞干扰抑制度最小.仿真结果验证了所提方法的有效性.     

非线性不确定性奇异系统的鲁棒H∞控制

讨论了非线性不确定性奇异系统的鲁棒H∞控制问题，给出了非线性不确定性奇异系统的H∞鲁棒性能准则，利用经性矩阵不等式（LMIs)的方法，给出了系统满足H∞鲁棒性能准则的充分条件，在这个条件下，分别讨论了非线性不确定性奇异系统的鲁棒H∞控制反馈控制器和输出反馈控制器的设计，得到了鲁棒H∞控制器存在的充分条件。     

基于H_∞理论的倒单摆控制系统

利用loop shaping design procedure(LSDP)设计倒单摆H∞控制器,以Tustin摩擦力模型及干扰观测器(disturbance observer,DOB)补偿台车与轨道间的摩擦力及干扰,观察在H∞控制器下倒单摆的鲁棒稳定性及鲁棒性能.实验结果显示,补偿摩擦力及干扰后的系统明显优于未补偿的系统.     

汽车四轮转向系统的H∞控制

为了使不确定性输入对受控输出的影响降低到最小,提高系统的鲁棒性能,以汽车四轮转向二自由度模型为基础,针对外界干扰,采用H∞性能指标进行评价,建立汽车四轮转向H∞控制系统.运用H∞控制理论的分析方法,采用前馈和反馈的组合控制进行了最优控制设计.仿真结果表明,设计出来的H∞控制器能够很好地抑制外界干扰对系统稳定性的影响,并且达到了预先控制目标,有效地提高了汽车四轮转向的鲁棒性能.     

电动汽车电动助力转向系统鲁棒H∞控制

针对汽车行驶过程中汽车EPS控制器受到转向系统参数摄动、路面干扰、传感器噪声以及大侧向风干扰等不确定性影响,导致助力电流的不精确性和影响EPS系统性能和驾驶安全的问题。建立了EPS系统数学模型,分析了EPS系统的内部不确定性以及外部干扰。用LFT线性分式变换形式表达出EPS模型,求解了不确定性M矩阵。应用H∞控制理论,根据系统性能指标设计了权函数和H∞控制器。结果表明,与PD控制进行了性能对比,稳定时间和电动机最大助力扭矩分别降低了40.00%和36.98%。在传感器噪声和路面高频力矩等外界干扰影响下,H∞控制器比PD控制器具有更好的性能鲁棒性和鲁棒稳定性,具有良好的抗干扰性能,能够满足EPS性能要求。     

一类模糊不确定网络控制系统的保性能控制

针对网络控制系统中存在数据传输时延,以及由被控对象和控制器之间的不同步给系统所带来的稳定性问题,提出了鲁棒H∞保性能控制器的设计方案.将时延的不确定性转换为系数矩阵的不确定性,在此模型基础上利用并行分配补偿,并根据H∞鲁棒控制理论及线性矩阵不等式(LMI)方法,获得了网络控制系统的全局渐近稳定性及H∞控制律存在的充分条件,同时提出了网络控制系统鲁棒H∞保性能控制器的设计方法,仿真说明该方法的可行性和有效性.     

基于H∞理论的倒单摆控制系统

利用loop shaping design procedure（LSDP）设计倒单摆H∞控制器,以Tustin摩擦力模型及干扰观测器（disturbance observer,DOB）补偿台车与轨道间的摩擦力及干扰,观察在H∞控制器下倒单摆的鲁棒稳定性及鲁棒性能．实验结果显示,补偿摩擦力及干扰后的系统明显优于未补偿的系统．     

一类不确定性系统鲁棒H_∞控制器的设计

讨论了一类同时具有匹配不确定性和不匹配不确定性系统鲁棒H∞控制问题.对于所有容许的不确定性,基于矩阵不等式给出了二次稳定的条件并对系统的H∞性能进行了分析和设计;给出了系统的鲁棒H∞控制器,该控制器不仅满足系统二次稳定的条件,而且也满足H∞性能约束条件.数值算例说明了控制器设计方法的有效性和可行性.     

一类不确定切换系统的鲁棒H∞动态输出反馈控制器设计

研究了一类具有未知时变但有界的结构不确定性和输入通道不确定性的切换系统的鲁棒H∞动态输出反馈控制器设计问题.利用完备性条件和共同李亚谱诺夫函数方法,设计了相应子系统的H∞动态输出反馈控制器和相应的切换策略,得到了切换系统动态输出反馈鲁棒H∞控制器存在的充分条件.采用变量替代法,将非线性矩阵不等式转化为一组易于求解的线性矩阵不等式(LMIs).最后通过仿真例子表明系统在所设计的H∞控制器作用下得到的闭环系统,在相应的切换策略下,满足鲁棒H∞性能.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.