负载Pt催化剂在卤代硝基苯氢化反应中的催化性能研究

考察了常压、303K反应条件下，γ—Al2O3、TiO2和ZrO2上负载的铂催化剂在卤代硝基苯的氢化反应中的催化性能，同时考察了过渡金属(Cr，Mn，Fe，Co，Ni和Cu)改性Pt/ZrO2的催化性能．不同负载的铂催化剂加氢活性次序为：Pt／TiO2＞Pt／γ—Al2O3＞Pt/ZrO2，相应的对氯苯胺(p—CAN)选择性次序为：Pt／TiO2＞Pt／ZrO2＞Pt／γ—Al2O3．KBH4处理过的催化剂显示了较高的催化活性．Mn、Fe和Co的引入同时提高了Pt／ZrO2催化剂的催化活性和p—CAN选择性．PtNi／ZrO2催化剂随着Ni含量的增加，催化活性降低，但产物p—CAN的选择性都超过99％．     

CO选择性氧化催化剂K—Pt／γ—A12O3催化剂的TPD／TPR研究

用TPD和TPR技术考察了K的添加对CO选择性氧化催化剂Pt／γ-A12O3的表面吸附性能及还原性能的影响，结合催化剂的活性进行了讨论．结果表明，添加适量K2O有助于增加弱吸附态CO的数量，并影响Pt的还原过程，使Pt变得难于还原．当ω(K2O)＝3．4％时，CO的低温脱附量最大，催化剂还原温度最低．同时，120℃时转化率可达到90％以上．     

促进型Pt/C类催化剂对甲醇的电氧化作用

研究了硅钼酸、磷钨酸促进型Pt／C类催化剂对甲醇的电氧化作用．采用循环伏安法和线性伏安法考察了催化剂的制备方法、添加剂、甲醇浓度、反应温度等因素对催化剂活性的影响,并用XRD和EDS技术对催化剂进行表征．结果表明：Mo含量(质量分数)为7．87％的Pt—Ru—Mo／C催化剂的活性为Pt—Ru／C商品催化剂(E—TEK)活性的1．65倍;添加硅钼酸和磷钨酸可以使得活性组分的分散度提高,从而显著提高催化剂的活性和抗毒性能．     

硅钨酸为前驱物的W(Si)/HZSM-5-基催化剂上甲烷脱氢芳构化

报道以硅钨酸H8(Si(W2O7)6)代替钨酸铵作为W组分的前驱物,制备一类HZMS-5负载W-基催化剂．在1073K、O．1MPa、原料气组成为CH4 10％Ar、相应之GHSV=960h^-1的反应条件下。考察其对甲烷无氧条件下脱氢芳构化(DHAM)的催化活性．结果表明，W负载量以6％～9％(质量百分数)为佳；在6％W(Si)／HZSM-5催化剂上，甲烷转化率最高可达～20％，相应苯选择性为～60％．焙烧温度对催化剂表面W物种的存在形态及至对其DHAM催化活性有相当影响；以～773K焙烧制得催化剂的活性为佳．引入适量助剂Ni促使氧化前驱态催化剂的还原温度有所下降，并延长催化剂的寿命．     

CaH2修饰的M-ZSM-5上C2H4选择还原NO活性研究

研究了由CaH2修饰的M—ZSM-5（M=Mn、Fe、Ni、Ag、Cu、Co）分子筛催化剂上C2H4选择还原NO的活性．实验发现CaH2的加入使Mn-ZSM-5等催化剂上C2H4选择还原NO的活性有所提高。其中Mn—ZSM-5／10％CaH2上NO转化率提高幅度最大，400℃，提高了40％，XRD谱图表明在Mn-ZSM-5／10?H2上，钙不仅与分子筛中硅及氧反应，而且也与活性组分锰反应生成了新的化合物，TG曲线表明了生成这些化合物的温度范围。     

钢铁表面Cu—Sn—P／Ni—Sn—P合金复合镀层的结构和性能

钢铁表面浸镀Cu-Sn-P合金，得到金黄色仿金镀层．在金黄色镀层上化学镀法Ni—Sn—P合金，形成Cu-Sn-P／Ni-Sn-P合金复合镀层，确定了镀液的最佳组成和工艺，用盐水浸泡测定复合镀层的防腐蚀性，用SEM，XPS和AES谱分析镀层的表面形貌、组成、结构和性能．结果表明，合金复合镀层使钢铁耐腐蚀性得以改善，Cu—Sn—P镀层可表示为Cu—Sn—P／CuxOy／SnxOy；Ni—Sn—P镀层可表示为Ni—Sn—P／NixOy／SnxOy，各元素的相对原子百分浓度分别为Ni52．2％，O6．9％，Sn18．7％，P12．9％，Fe9．3％．     

流化床上甲烷催化转化制合成气Ni/SiO2催化剂性能研究

考察了流化床上Ni／SiO2催化剂对甲烷部分氧化和甲烷二氧化碳重整耦合反应的催化性能．研究了Ni负载量，反应温度、预还原温度对催化性能的影响．结果表明，镍基催化剂具有很高的初活性，但是在线反应6h后催化剂很快失活．TG、XRD和TEM分析结果显示高温下镍晶粒的聚集长大是催化剂活性显著下降的主要原因．     

柴油车排气颗粒物净化催化剂抗S中毒性能研究

用浸渍法制备了一系列的金属氧化物催化剂,并考察了催化剂对柴油车排气中颗粒物的催化燃烧能力和抗S中毒能力.TPO实验结果表明,催化活性大小顺序是Sn-Cu-K-V>Pt-Cu-K-V>N i-Cu-K-V.其中Sn-Cu-K-V催化剂把颗粒物的起燃温度降到了270℃左右.Pt-Cu-K-V和N i-Cu-K-V催化剂对颗粒物的燃烧速率比较快.当反应气中SO2的含量在1.0×10-3以下时,SO2对颗粒物的燃烧有促进作用;当反应气中SO2的含量超过1.0×10-3,催化剂的活性有所下降.     

加压条件下两段法天然气催化氧化制合成气催化剂的改进

以α-Al2O3为载体，在加压条件下，采用初湿浸渍法制备了镧助Ni／α-Al2O3部分氧化-重整催化剂和负载型钙钛矿型LCFM／α-Al2O3燃烧催化剂，考察了反应温度、压力、CH4与氧配比等因素对两段法甲烷催化氧化制合成气性能的影响。结果表明，在两段法催化氧化制合成气工艺中采用LCFM／α-Al2O3燃烧催化剂和镧助Ni／α-Al2O3部分氧化／重整催化剂，能够消除反应热点，降低反应的危险性。当温度为1000℃及体系压力为2MPa时，甲烷转化率约为85％，CO和H2的选择性接近90％，与热力学平衡值十分接近；增加原料气中的氧含量，可以提高甲烷的转化率，但CO和H2选择性随之降低。     

制备方法对Ce—Ni／A12O3催化剂还原和吸氧性能的影响

采用程序升温还原和O2室温吸附方法，研究了两种方式制备的Ce-Ni／Al2O3催化剂的还原行为和吸氧能力。以Ni／Al2O3和Ce/Al2O3为对照物研究了Ce、Ni的相互作用及其对侈化剂的还原行为和吸氧能力的影响．实验发现，单独负载在Al2O3上的Ce和Ni组分的吸氧能力有很大差弄，Ce物种表现出良好的吸氧能力；Ce和Ni组分同时负载在Al2O3上时，由于组分间的相互作用，促进了催化剂上低温可还原物种的形成，改变了低温可还原物种的分布，提高了623K还原后的吸氧能力；先浸Ce物种并分解后再浸Ni的Ce-Ni／Al2O3催化剂，其吸氧能力增加更为显著．     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.