乳化液膜法净化湿法磷酸除镁研究

采用乳化液膜技术对湿法磷酸进行脱镁净化是一种净化湿法磷酸的新途径。采用正交试验设计方法组织实验，结果表明在实验研究范围内，萃取剂对湿法磷酸中脱镁效果有高度显著的影响，而表面活性剂、膜试剂和反萃取剂对镁的脱除有一定影响。     

纤维增强磷酸钾镁水泥砂浆力学性能研究

研究了PVA纤维、PP纤维、玻璃纤维三种纤维在不同的w_(S/C)下对磷酸钾镁水泥砂浆力学性能的影响.结果表明:三种纤维都能在一定程度上增强磷酸钾镁水泥砂浆的力学性能,对磷酸钾镁水泥砂浆早期力学性能的影响比较大,后期力学性能的影响会有所降低.其中,PVA的增强效果最为明显,PP纤维次之,玻璃纤维增强效果最弱.同时得出,在同种纤维条件下,w_(S/C)不是磷酸钾镁水泥砂浆抗折强度的主要影响因素,但是其抗压强度均随着w_(S/C)的增大而增大.     

磷酸镁水泥的聚合物改性研究

对于磷酸镁水泥,选择使用原材料是重要的改性方法.为提高材料性能,通过变化聚合物乳液种类及掺量,试验研究聚合物对磷酸镁水泥的适用性.结果表明:聚合物乳液的物理性质粘度与改性磷酸镁水泥的密度、流动性及凝结时间有较紧密联系;而聚合物乳液的化学性质pH值则可能是影响改性磷酸镁水泥力学性质的重要因素;合适的聚合物乳液在适宜掺量下能对改性磷酸镁水泥的抗压强度产生较小影响,提高材料的抗折强度与粘结强度,并显著增大断裂能;掺加聚合物乳液不改变磷酸镁水泥的水化产物类型,但显著影响水化产物的形貌与结构的密实程度.     

冻融循环下磷酸镁水泥固化铜污染土的淋滤特性研究

将自制磷酸镁水泥用于铜污染土的固化稳定,研究其淋滤特性和微观结构。以磷酸镁水泥固化铜污染土为研究对象,研究冻融循环条件下磷酸镁水泥掺量、初始铜离子浓度等因素对固化后重金属铜污染土的淋滤特性及固化稳定性的影响。结果表明:冻融循环和磷酸镁水泥掺量会影响磷酸镁水泥固化铜污染土的浸出液中铜离子浓度和上清液pH,随着冻融循环次数和铜离子浓度的减少及水泥掺量的增多,铜离子浓度显著降低;浸出液的pH随冻融循环次数的增多而降低,随磷酸镁水泥水泥掺量的增多而提高,随铜离子浓度的增大而降低。最后与扫描电镜试验结果结合解释了水分迁移对固化机制的影响。     

关于溶剂浮选法回收湿法磷酸中碘的氧化剂

在用溶剂浮选法回收湿法磷酸中碘的过程中,氧化剂的选择是重要的。实验研究结果表明,随着氧化剂用量的增加,氧化电位升高,而氧化率也先上升,达到一最大值,然后下降,因此,对碘的回收存在一适宜的氧化剂用量。     

氢氟酸在湿法磷酸净化中的应用研究

采用氢氟酸和碳酸钠作为沉淀剂,对湿法磷酸进行了脱除金属杂质的试验研究.考察了氢氟酸和碳酸钠的添加量、搅拌速度、反应时间和温度以及静置时间对湿法磷酸中铝、镁、铁脱除率的影响.研究表明,在反应温度为40℃,搅拌速度为50 r/min,反应时间为10 min,氢氟酸和碳酸钠的添加量分别为化学计量的1.2倍和0.2倍,静置时间为1 d的工艺条件下,铝、镁和铁的去除率分别为49.2%,26.9%和21.9%,磷酸的回收率可达到90.7%.     

D564树脂对盐湖卤水中硼的吸附

以新疆某盐湖老卤为原料,采用离子交换树脂D564从中吸附硼,讨论初始硼质量浓度、黏度、反应时间、pH、温度、树脂用量等因素对D564树脂吸附硼效果的影响.研究结果表明:该树脂在适宜的条件下对盐湖卤水中的硼具有较强的吸附能力,其单位树脂吸附量随着初始硼质量浓度的增加而增加,随着黏度的增大而减小,在8h左右可基本达到平衡;pH对其影响较大,温度、搅拌速率对其影响较小;树脂的洗脱性能良好,用0.5 mol/L的盐酸洗脱,洗脱率可达到90％以上;树脂在循环使用过程中其性能稳定,有利于从盐湖卤水中回收硼.     

流水线镁电解过程中杂质Fe控制技术

采用电化学工作站、气冷阴极和熔盐综合测定仪等装置研究了流水线镁电解过程中杂质Fe的控制技术。结果表明：Fe离子易造成电流损失和镁损失。影响杂质Fe净化的因素有电流密度、电解槽电压、电极材质、反应时间、电解质温度和电解质扰动。杂质Fe的净化率随着槽电压的升高（低于MgCl₂分解电压）、电流密度的增加、反应时间的延长而增加;杂质在石墨电极的净化率优于碳钢电极;在电解质温度为725℃±5℃时,杂质Fe的净化率最佳。在工业生产中,通过在槽内安装石墨直流电极,控制石墨电极电压在6~8 V等可提高电解槽的净化率。开展工业试验后电解质中的杂质Fe由0.028 9%降至0.009 1%,净化效果明显提升。     

湿法磷酸的脱氟研究

用正交实验方法研究了添加剂及其量、添加方式、温度等对湿法磷酸脱氟和回收氟硅酸钠的影响。结果表明 ,添加剂最好采用碳酸钠 ,添加剂量以 110 - 12 0 %理论用量为宜 ,添加方式采用干粉好些 ,温度宜低些     

湿法磷酸中的杂质对二水硫酸钙结晶影响的研究

用模拟湿法磷酸进行了Ｆｅ２Ｏ３离子、Ａｌ２Ｏ３、Ｈ２ＳｉＦ６和Ｈ２ＳＯ４五种杂质及ＮＨ离子对二硫酸钙结晶影响的实验研究。并以过滤时间表征结晶质量进行了杂质对石膏结晶过程影响的分析。对于ＮＨ离子的影响进行了单因素实验。实验得出，当磷酸杂质含量在平均水平附近时，随湿法磷酸中Ｆｅ、Ａｌ、Ｍｇ杂质含量的增高，都会使二水硫酸钙的过滤性能变坏，其中尤以Ａｌ２Ｏ３的影响最大。但ＮＨ能促使二水硫酸钙生成聚晶，对石膏的过滤性能有改良作用，通过实验可确定出一个最佳ＮＨ浓度。对不同杂质含量的磷酸，其最佳ＮＨ浓度值并不相同。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with