人工神经网络在淬透性曲线中的应用

利用人工神经网络中的BP算法，建立材料的合金成分与距水冷端不同位置上的硬度值的模型，根据材料的合金成分含量取得硬度值，获得了满意的结果，为预测淬透性曲线提供了一定的理论辅助手段。     

脉冲电沉积纳米晶Ni-Co合金的组织结构与力学性能

采用X-射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)、能谱分析(EDS)等方法研究了脉冲电沉积法制备的纳米晶Ni-Co合金的微观组织结构和成分.测定了纳米晶Ni-Co合金的显微硬度和拉伸性能,研究了纳米晶Ni-Co合金中合金成分与力学性能的关系,并利用SEM对拉伸后断口进行分析.结果表明:合金中Co含量随镀液中Co2+浓度的增加而显著增加,并且随着Co含量的增加合金晶粒尺寸减小;合金显微硬度值随着Co含量的增加而增加.随着合金中Co含量的增加,断裂延伸率先逐渐减小,而后随着Co含量的增加而逐渐增大.拉伸过程晶粒尺寸明显增大,断口微观形貌呈韧窝状.     

打壳锤头等离子堆焊Co—Cr—W合金涂层组织和性能研究

采用等离子堆焊技术在铝电解打壳锤头表面堆焊Co-Cr-W合金粉末。利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱仪和显微硬度计等,分析了堆焊层的微观组织、微区成分和硬度分布。利用恒电位法进行腐蚀模拟测试。试验结果表明,合金层为典型的等轴晶和柱状晶组织,与基体之间形成了良好的冶金结合。合金层外层硬度最高,平均硬度为基体的2倍,从合金层到基体硬度值不断减小,在熔合线附近迅速降低,表明合金层稀释率较低。合金层的腐蚀速率为基体的1／53左右,合金锤头的耐腐蚀性显著提高。     

镍含量对激光熔覆层微结构及硬度的影响

为满足多种支承辊再制造表面硬度需求,采用激光熔覆技术,将添加不同比例纯镍粉的铁基合金粉末材料熔覆到Cr5支承辊钢表面,研究镍含量对熔覆层微结构及性能的影响.结果表明:所有材料设计成分条件下熔覆层的截面组织差异很小均为鱼骨状和网状枝晶组织.通过调整添加镍粉的量可以准确控制熔覆层的合金成分.随熔覆层中镍含量增多,熔覆层中奥氏体相显著增多,截面硬度显著下降.添加8%纯镍粉的粉末材料可以制备出硬度约为500 HV,可以满足Cr5支承辊再制造需求.     

新型碲镍铬合金粉末材料显微组织分析

在镍铬合金粉末中加入微量的碲,均匀混合后置于6 mm×200 mm的石英管中烧结,制备碲镍铬合金.通过扫描电镜、电子探针、X-ray分析等方法研究碲对镍铬合金显微组织的影响;用HBRV-187.5布洛维硬度仪、HV-1000显微硬度测试仪和MMW-1立式万能摩擦磨损试验机检测新型碲镍铬合金粉末材料的洛氏硬度(HRC)、显微硬度(HV)和抗磨损性能.结果表明:在镍铬合金粉末中加入微量的碲,镍铬合金材料生成新的相,起到稳定镍铬合金粉末材料硬度和磨损性能的作用.     

含磷TRIP钢的CCT图

为了探索合金元素在TRIP钢相变过程中的重要作用,利用金相、显微硬度等方法研究了四种不同合金成分C-Mn-Al-PTRIP钢的CCT图.结果表明:Al元素强烈地缩小奥氏体相区,提高Ac3与Ms;Al元素促使CCT图左移和上移.P元素能够阻碍碳化物生成,当钢中P质量分数达到0.14%时,能显著地将CCT图中的珠光体区与贝氏体区右移;P元素对铁素体相变和马氏体相变没有显著的影响.结果还显示出随着冷却速率的增加,材料的显微硬度随之增加.对于每一种成分,超过其临界冷却速率时,将得到完全的马氏体组织.     

Ti6Al4V合金的纳米硬度载荷依赖性实验研究

采用原位纳米测试系统对氮离子注入前后的Ti6Al4V合金试样进行纳米压痕实验,研究材料纳米硬度的载荷相关性和尺寸效应,及其在纳米尺度下材料的塑性变形过程。结果表明:纳米硬度具有明显的载荷相关性,在临界载荷Fc以下,随着载荷的增加纳米硬度呈线性增加;在临界载荷Fc以上,随着载荷的增加纳米硬度呈非线性减小,并稳定在一个值上。此外,纳米硬度随着压入深度的增加而减小,并且Ti6Al4V合金的纳米硬度极限载荷FH和稳定纳米硬度Hs分别为550μN和5.6GPa,而经过氮离子注入后的Ti6Al4V合金的纳米硬度极限载荷FH和稳定纳米硬度Hs分别提高到700μN和6.7 GPa。     

MEVVA源强流Ti离子注入纯铜表面层的结构与性能研究

采用金属蒸气真空弧(MEVVA)离子源技术对强流Ti离子束注入到纯铜表面的结构和性能进行了系统的研究.材料表面层的机械性能测试表明:强流Ti离子注入纯铜后材料表面的硬度和耐磨性均有提高,相对于纯铜基体,5×1017 cm-2注量注入可以使材料表面硬度提高2.3倍,使表面摩擦因数下降14%.注入层的X射线结构分析表明:金属离子注入后,在纯铜表面注入层中析出了合金相,合金相的析出是材料的表面硬度和耐磨性提高的主要因素.     

Zr离子注入对NiTi形状记忆合金表面硬度和耐磨性影响

研究了Zr离子注入参数(注入剂量和注入电流)对NiTi形状记忆合金表面成分、形貌、硬度和耐磨性的影响.发现Zr离子注入后,Zr离子浓度在NiTi合金表面呈高斯分布,同时降低了合金表面的Ni含量.Zr离子注入后合金表面形貌出现沟槽结构,合金外表层纳米硬度、杨氏模量和显微硬度明显提高.摩擦磨损实验结果表明,Zr离子注入降低了NiTi合金初始摩擦因数,显著延长了维持初始低摩擦因数的时间,同时使磨痕的宽度和深度分别减小了30%～50%和28%～50%.因此,选择适当的注入参数可以使NiTi合金获得最佳的耐摩擦磨损性能.     

自催化化学沉积Ni-P合金的晶化行为及性能

对化学沉积Ni-P合金层的低温回火晶化处理进行了研究，分析了合金成分、晶化温度及时间对晶化行为和镀层硬度的影响.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.