纳米TiO2光催化技术研究进展

本文综述了国内外TiO2光催化技术的研究进展,介绍了TiO2光催化机理、TiO2光催化剂的制备方法和应用,讨论了TiO2光催化剂的改性问题及光催化技术存在的问题,并对其发展前景进行了分析。     

纳米Ti02的制备及其在环境净化方面的应用

综述了近年来TiO2粉体及薄膜光催化剂的制备方法，及光催化在环境净化和其它方面的应用进展，展望了TiO2光催化剂的发展研究方向。     

TiO2光催化剂的研究进展

TiO2作为光催化剂在废水废气净化、抗菌环保等领域有着广泛的应用.对TiO2光催化剂的的性质、制备方法、表面改性及其作为光催化剂时的应用领域进行了详细的评述.     

超声处理下沸石/TiO2复合体光催化剂性能及结构

分别用经过和未经过超声处理而制备出的沸石 ／TiO2复合体光催化剂对含甲苯废气进行光催化降解实验,并运用x射线定向衍射技术和红外光谱探讨了超声处理对沸石／TiO2复合体光催化剂性能及结构的影响．结果表明,超声处理降低了复合体光催化剂中TiO2的纳米颗粒粒径,并使复合体光催化剂中TiO2与沸石的结构羟基发生反应形成键合,从而增强了复合体的光催化活性,相应地提高了复合体光催化剂对甲苯的光催化降解率．     

光催化剂TiO_2的性质及应用研究

通过文献综合评述的方法,对光催化剂TiO2的节能、高效及降解有机物等方面的应用进行了研究.结果表明,光催化剂主要有金属氧化物或硫化物、分子筛及有机物三种类型,特别是TiO2光催化剂所表现出的特殊性质是目前研究和利用最广泛的光催化剂.     

负载型光催化剂的失活研究

考察了TiO2光催化剂降解亚甲基蓝时，pH值、TiO2预处理、制备条件及反应操作方式等对光催化剂稳定性的影响，对以玻璃弹簧为载体，采用浸涂-烧结法制备的纳米TiO2负载型光催化剂的失活现象进行了初步研究。结果表明：反应副产物在光催化剂表面的强吸附或积累是造成光催化剂失活的主要原因，并且在碱性条件下失活进一步加剧。     

超声波制备TiO_2光催化降解气相苯的研究

文章以钛酸四丁酯为原料,采用超声波分散450℃焙烧物得到了纳米TiO2光催化剂,以苯为模拟气体,在静态反应装置中考察了该催化剂对气相苯的光催化降解性能。结果表明,采用超声波制备的TiO2光催化剂能显著提高对苯的光催化降解性能,超声波制备的TiO2上苯转化率是搅拌制备的TiO2的1.7倍。BET结果显示超声波制备的光催化剂比表面比搅拌制备的光催化剂高;XRD表征结果表明TiO2呈锐钛型;紫外-可见漫反射结果显示超声波制备的TiO2在可见区吸收增强。     

聚苯胺改性纳米TiO2的制备及其对含氰废水的降解研究

通过矿化接枝技术将溶胶-凝胶法制备的纳米TiO2负载在聚苯乙烯微珠载体上,制成负载型纳米TiO2光催化剂。利用导电聚苯胺对负载型纳米TiO2光催化剂进行可见光改性,通过XRD,SEM等方法对改性纳米TiO2光催化剂进行表征,并用改性催化剂在太阳光照射下对3种工业含氰废水进行降解处理。结果表明：导电聚苯胺对负载型纳米TiO2光催化剂涂膜改性,显著改善了负载型纳米TiO2光催化剂在可见光条件下的光催化性能,可有效降解废水中的大部分有毒氰根（CN^-）,使其含量远低于国家排放标准。     

氮掺杂TiO_2光催化剂的制备研究进展

对氮掺杂TiO2光催化剂的制备方法和研究状况进行了系统的综述,并且详细探讨各种制备因素,如pH值、焙烧温度、焙烧时间等对N掺杂TiO2光催化剂的结构和性能的影响以及结构模型和氮掺杂机理,最后指出氮掺杂TiO2催化剂研究中有待解决的问题及今后的发展方向.     

TiO2/SiO2复合光催化剂制备工艺参数优化及其表征

先以无机钛盐、硅酸盐为原料制取聚合硅酸硫酸钛,再通过液相水解法制得TiO2/SiO2复合光催化剂,并用SEM、XRD、BET和甲基橙脱色率对复合光催化剂进行表征。结果表明,TiO2/SiO2复合光催化剂制备优化工艺参数为:Ti(SO4)2作钛源、Ti/Si摩尔比为12∶1、水解反应pH值为6、煅烧温度为650℃,以此条件制备的复合光催化剂对甲基橙脱色率可达98.6%以上;TiO2/SiO2复合光催化剂为一种分散均匀的纳米级球形颗粒,其成分为以锐钛矿为主的TiO2,SiO2的复合有效抑制了TiO2晶粒的生长,同时提高了TiO2的热稳定性。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.