影响根癌农杆菌介导的香蕉基因转化早期的主要因素

用含质粒载体pCAMBIA2301的根癌农杆菌（Agrobacterium inoculation）转化“641”香蕉（Musa AAA Cavendish subgroup cv.64-1）的薄片外植体，通过测定GUS基因瞬时表达率，对转化早期的主要影响因素进行了研究。结果表明：农杆菌EHA105较适合于介导转化，将薄片置于固体高渗培养基上培养4h后，通过真空减压法使农杆菌接种于其上，获得了较高的瞬时表达率（41.67%），是对照（8.33%）的5倍，农杆菌悬液稀释5倍用于转化较好，共培养3d为宜，薄片外植体越靠近根部，瞬时表达率越高。而外植体预培养会降低瞬时表达率。     

大白菜遗传转化体系的建立

系统研究了根癌农杆菌LBA4404介导的大白菜遗传转化的若干因素,成功地建立了大白菜快速有效的遗传转化体系,并获得了大白菜抗性植株。实验结果表明,大白菜的不同基因型、苗龄、外植体类型,菌液浓度、浸染时间,共培养和抗生素浓度对转化频率均有一定影响,其最高转化频率达4.0%。抗性植株经PCR和Southern blot检测表明,目的基因已整合进大白菜基因组中。     

农杆菌介导抗虫基因转化芥菜型油菜的研究

用农杆菌介导法对芥菜型油菜进行了转化，并对影响根癌农杆菌转化效率的因素进行了研究，建立了以油菜子叶柄为外植体的转化体系．用携带蝎毒素(BmKITs)和几丁质酶(chi)双价基因的农杆菌转化油菜，共获得了抗卡那霉素的再生苗153株，移栽成活21株．对成活植株进行了PCR分子检测，证实有外源基因的整合．转基因植株形态正常，开花、结实．     

农杆菌介导的胆碱脱氢酶基因(betA)转化小麦及影响转化效率的因素

用LBA4404／pCDH，Agl 1／pUNN2和Ag;P(无质粒)3种菌株分别转化小麦品种济南177、99P、核生3号幼胚诱导的愈伤组织以及济南177的幼胚．其中以胚性愈伤组织为外植体，获得了转基因植株．PCR和PCR-Southem分析证实转化植株中包含了外源基因．通过染色体分析，发现胚性愈伤组织在农杆菌LBA4404侵染后形成的染色体削减比经Agl1侵染和未经感染的对照形成的染色体削减程度更大，甚至发现较多的染色体断片．分析了农杆菌菌株，材料的基因型，外植体类型，培养时间和温度以及筛选的时间和周期对于转化效率的影响．     

农杆菌介导东方百合“西伯利亚”遗传转化体系建立

以东方百合"西伯利亚"(Lilium seberia)为材料,建立了百合再生和农杆菌介导的遗传转化体系.采用LBA4404和GV3101菌株对鳞片来源的愈伤组织进行侵染,并以鳞片作为对比转化材料,两种菌株携带有相同的双元载体pCAMBIA1301.研究结果表明,农杆菌侵染愈伤组织外植体转化率较高;乙酰丁香酮(AS)的添加能大大提高根癌农杆菌转化百合的效率.另外,共培养时间、不同菌株均对转化效率有一定的影响.筛选后获得的抗性植株经PCR检测和GUS组织化学染色证实外源基因已经整合到基因组DNA中并获得表达,转化率为5%～8%.     

根癌农杆菌介导的向日葵遗传转化的研究

以向日葵无菌苗的子叶节为外植体,通过农杆菌介导法,对其遗传转化条件进行了研究,建立了向日葵子叶节农杆菌介导的遗传转化体系.结果表明:在农杆菌浸染前(浸染浓度为OD600=0.6)进行2 d的预培养、浸染8 min的外植体在MS+1.2 mg/L 6-BA+0.03 mg/L IAA的培养基上转化效率较高.PCR检测初步证明,LycB基因已整合到向日葵再生植株中.     

超声波辅助的发根农杆菌对黄瓜的遗传转化

由于超声波处理可在外植体上产生许多微小伤口,从而提高农杆菌与外植体之间的接触面积,提高农杆菌对外植体的转化频率。用野生型发根农杆菌（Agrobacterium rhizogenes)A4菌株感染黄瓜（Cucumis sativus L.) 无菌苗的子叶和下胚轴,建立了黄瓜的发根遗传转化体系。同时,对超声波处理时间、外植体放置方向、预培养时间、外植体类型、乙酰丁香酮的添加与否等影响因素进行了研究。结果表明,采用外植体在添加0．5mg/L NAA和2mg/L 6-BA的MS培养基上预培养4d,超声波处理2s,共培养3d,在预培养共培养期间子叶上表皮向下可以取得最佳的转化效果,发根诱导率为94．7％。乙酰丁香酮对发根诱导频率影响不明显。冠瘿碱检测表明,发根确定能合成农杆碱。     

农杆菌介导的玉米遗传转化进展

本文回顾了根瘤农杆菌的玉米遗传转化的发展历史 .对各种影响农杆菌转化玉米效率的关键因子包括农杆菌的菌株与载体 ,受体材料的基因型和发育程度 ,培养环境 ,培养基成分等因素进行了综述 .对发展现状和未来趋势做了讨论 .     

提高农杆菌介导小麦遗传转化效率的几个因素

利用gua基因的瞬时表达研究了农杆菌介导的小麦遗传转化，探讨了影响转化效率的几个因素．结果发现，当转化时茵液浓度的OD600为1．0、侵染时间为1h、超声波处理30s、共培养期间使用抗氧化剂以及用胚性愈伤组织作为外植体等，均可使转化效率得到明显提高、综合使用这些优化的转化条件，可使小麦的瞬时转化效率提高3倍多．     

农杆菌介导的二氢黄酮醇3''5''羟化酶cDNA对非洲菊的转化及对其花色的影响

通过非洲菊(Gerbera hybrida)组织培养建立起适合于农杆菌介导的基因转化受体系统，非洲菊叶柄外植体在MS 3mg／L BA 0．01mg／L NAA培养基中直接诱导芽生长，在MS 0．1mg／L NAA培养基中生根培养，获得再生植株，诱导率达57％。带有云南矮牵牛(Petunia hybrida)二氢黄酮醇3’5’羟化酶cDNA的pEH表达载体与农杆菌（Agrobacterium tumefaciens）LBA4404融合后，与非洲菊叶柄外植体共培养3d，通过含有卡那霉素25mg/L和羧苄菁霉素500mg/L的选择培养，诱导出转基因非洲菊。经PCR和Southern分子杂交检测，证明目的基因已整合入非洲菊的基因组中，转基因非洲菊花色、花型及叶型都有显变化。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.