硒对NO诱导的内皮细胞损伤

用外源性NO供体S-亚硝基谷胱甘肽(GSNO)处理人脐静脉内皮细胞系ECV-304细胞,研究其对细胞的损伤机制,并探讨硒在这一过程中的保护作用.通过MTT法测定细胞存活率、分光光度法测定细胞LDH漏出率及细胞脂质过氧化水平,采用荧光标记技术研究细胞膜流动性变化.结果表明,NO可引起细胞脂质过氧化水平升高,细胞膜流动性下降,导致ECV-304细胞损伤,其作用具有浓度效应;细胞内硒可通过抑制细胞脂质过氧化水平及细胞膜流动性变化从而抑制NO诱导的细胞损伤.     

碳酸钙材料对HL-7702细胞的体外毒性

以人正常肝细胞HL-7702为研究对象,探讨碳酸钙材料对细胞的体外毒性.将HL-7702细胞暴露于碳酸钙质量浓度为0、5、10、20、40、60、80、100 μg/mL的悬浮液中,通过CCK-8法检测暴露于碳酸钙材料悬浮液24 h后HL-7702细胞的存活率,并且检测HL-7702细胞内活性氧的含量.结果表明,该碳酸钙材料在实验剂量下对HL-7702无细胞毒性,能够引起人肝细胞内产生少量的活性氧(ROS).这些结果说明碳酸钙材料在一定剂量下对HL-7702细胞具有良好的体外细胞亲和性(毒性为0级或1级).     

丙戊酸诱导多药耐药白血病细胞HL-60/ADR凋亡的研究

目的 研究丙戊酸对多药耐药白血病细胞HL-60/ADR的抑制作用及其机制.方法 采用MTT比色试验观察丙戊酸对多药耐药细胞HL-60/ADR的抑制作用.采用光镜技术观察细胞形态结构的改变,利用流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率.结果 (1)丙戊酸能明显抑制HL-60/ADR细胞的生长,药物浓度相当于生药32.65mg/mL时,即具有显著的抑制作用,抑制率呈剂量和时间依赖性,半数抑制浓度(IC50)相当于生药66.44mg/mL.(2)形态学改变呈典型的凋亡特征.(3)丙戊酸能诱导多药耐药细胞HL-60/ADR凋亡,凋亡率也呈时间和剂量的依赖性.结论 丙戊酸对多药耐药细胞HL-60/ADR的生长具有极强的抑制作用,诱导其凋亡是其机制之一.     

桦树皮提取物抑制血管生成作用的研究

研究桦树皮提取物对血管生成的抑制作用.应用MTT法检测桦树皮提取物对人脐静脉内皮细胞的增殖抑制作用,采用Realtime PCR方法检测桦树皮提取物对人脐静脉内皮细胞中VEGFmRNA表达的影响,应用ELISA测定细胞上清液中VEGF的分泌情况.实验表明,桦树皮提取物能显著抑制人脐静脉内皮细胞增殖,最高浓度150 μg/mL其抑制率达48.4%,能明显抑制人脐静脉内皮细胞内VEGFmRNA的表达及VEGF分泌.结果表明桦树皮提取物可通过抑制细胞内VEGF mRNA的表达及VEGF的分泌有效抑制人脐静脉内皮细胞的增殖.     

中空介孔硅球对血管内皮细胞的细胞毒性

通过细胞增殖实验和乳酸脱氢酶释放实验,流式细胞术,透射电镜及电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪检测等方法,证实HMSN在浓度超过62.5 μg/mL时,会对人脐静脉血管内皮细胞产生毒性,半抑制浓度约为150 μg/mL.高浓度下HMSN导致细胞增殖抑制和乳酸脱氢酶释放,使细胞周期阻滞在G1期,并最终诱导细胞坏死.同时发现HMS...     

脐静脉内皮细胞的提取与形态学观察

目的 获取胶原酶灌注法提取脐静脉内皮细胞的有效方法.探讨内皮细胞培养过程中生长因子的添加浓度,并对内皮细胞进行形态学观察及鉴定.方法 采用血球计数法对在不同时间和不同胶原酶浓度下提取的脐静脉内皮细胞进行计数.同时采用MTT法探讨了生长因子(Endothe-lia Cells Growth Supplement,ECGS)的浓度对脐静脉内皮细胞生长的作用,并用倒置显微镜和HE染色法观察了脐静脉内皮细胞的形态,Ⅷ因子免疫组化对获取的脐静脉内皮细胞进行鉴定.结果 当提取时间为10～30 min时,随着时间的增加,内皮细胞的提取数量增加;当胶原酶的浓度为0.1%～0.3%时,消化的脐静脉内皮细胞数量逐渐增加.ECGS的浓度为30μg/mL时,促进脐静脉内皮细胞的生长,种植4天后细胞进入平台期.脐静脉内皮细胞体外培养形态为"铺路石"状.Ⅷ因子免疫组化鉴定为阳性.结论 胶原酶灌注法是一种快速而有效的获取血管内皮细胞的方法,可以为组织工程血管内皮化提供充足的种子细胞.     

阿糖胞苷与肿瘤坏死因子的联合应用对HL-60细胞凋亡的影响

目的观察不同浓度的肿瘤坏死因子(Tumor recrosis factor,TNF-α)、阿糖胞苷(Arabinosylcytosine,Ara-c)联合应用对HL-60细胞凋亡的影响.方法通过荧光染色观察及基因分析检测不同浓度的肿瘤坏死因子、阿糖胞苷联合应用对HL-60细胞凋亡的影响.结果浓度为1 500 U/mL的肿瘤坏死因子、阿糖胞苷联合应用比其他浓度药物应用细胞凋亡的百分率更高,Bcl-2基因表达下调.结论联合应用浓度为1 500 U/mL的肿瘤坏死因子、阿糖胞苷诱导白血病细胞凋亡效果明显.     

BDE-209对人正常肝L-02细胞生长和凋亡的影响

采用Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8)和Hoechst 33342/PI等, 分析十溴联苯醚(BDE-209)对人正常肝L-02细胞增殖和凋亡的影响。结果显示, 在不同浓度水平(0~70 μg/mL)的BDE-209中暴露24小时后, 细胞增殖抑制率随着BDE-209浓度的升高而升高。经SPSS-Probit-Logit法计算, 得出 BDE-209对人正常肝L-02细胞24小时的IC₅₀为127.08 ±24.93 μg/mL。在不同浓度水平(0~15 μg/mL)的BDE-209中暴露24小时后, 与对照组相比, 各剂量组细胞未出现明显的细胞形态变化, 仅在15 μg/mL剂量组观察到细胞减少的现象。凋亡染色后, 荧光显微镜检发现, 随着BDE-209浓度升高, 亮蓝、淡粉染色细胞数量增大, 人正常肝L-02细胞的凋亡率增高。与对照组相比, 各剂量组差异均具有统计学意义。分析结果表明, BDE-209可引起人正常肝L-02细胞增殖受到抑制, 并诱导细胞凋亡率增加。     

合欢花水提物对大鼠脑胶质瘤C6细胞株的增殖抑制与凋亡诱导作用

采用MTT法检测合欢花水提物对C6细胞增殖活力的影响,流式细胞术检测该水提物对C6细胞的诱导凋亡作用.结果表明:合欢花水提物能抑制C6细胞的增殖,且具有剂量和时间依赖性,其在24 h、48 h、72 h时对C6细胞的半数抑制率(LD50)分别为:305 μg/mL、50 μg/mL、15 μg/mL.流式细胞术结果显示:200 tμg/mL、300μg/mL合欢花水提物均可诱导C6细胞发生早期凋亡,与对照组细胞相比,早期凋亡率分别由对照组的0.7％增加到了4.3％、14.3％.提示合欢花水提物抑制C6细胞增殖机理与诱导细胞凋亡途径有关.     

全反式维甲酸对人白血病细胞系HL-60细胞增殖的影响

目的:观察全反式维甲酸(ATRA)对体外培养人白血病细胞系HL-60细胞增殖的影响。方法:体外培养人白血病细胞HL-60细胞,将不同浓度的ATRA作用于HL-60细胞分别12、24h和48h后,MTT法检测ATRA对HL-60的增殖影响,免疫组织化学染色增生细胞核抗原(PCNA)检测HL-60细胞生长活性。结果:MTT法显示10-9mmol/L ATRA作用12h后能抑制HL-60细胞的增殖(P<0.05),并呈剂量和时间依赖性。ATRA能浓度依赖性地抑制HL-60细胞表达PCNA(P<0.05)。结论:ATRA能够显著抑制人白血病细胞HL-60细胞的增殖。     

Endothelial and perivascular cells maintain haematopoietic stem cells

Several cell types have been proposed to create niches for haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). However, the expression patterns of HSC maintenance factors have not been systematically studied and no such factor has been conditionally deleted from any candidate niche cell. Thus, the cellular sources of these factors are undetermined. Stem cell factor (SCF; also known as KITL) is a key niche component that maintains HSCs. Here, using Scf(gfp) knock-in mice, we found that Scf was primarily expressed by perivascular cells throughout the bone marrow. HSC frequency and function were not affected when Scf was conditionally deleted from haematopoietic cells, osteoblasts, nestin-cre- or nestin-creER-expressing cells. However, HSCs were depleted from bone marrow when Scf was deleted from endothelial cells or leptin receptor (Lepr)-expressing perivascular stromal cells. Most HSCs were lost when Scf was deleted from both endothelial and Lepr-expressing perivascular cells. Thus, HSCs reside in a perivascular niche in which multiple cell types express factors that promote HSC maintenance.     

Can B cells turn on virgin T cells?

The first event in the initiation of an immune response is the capture and presentation of antigen to T cells. Such presentation involves two distinct steps: (1) display of the antigen, which requires uptake, processing and re-expression of the antigen in association with MHC molecules on the presenting cell surface; and (2) triggering, in which the presenting cell provides signals leading to the activation of the responding T cell. Two sorts of cells can capture antigens, the 'professional' antigen-presenting cells (APCs) such as dendritic cells and macrophages, and the B cells. Both types of cells can display antigens and the APCs are known to be able to trigger resting T cells. But despite in vitro evidence that certain B-cell types can reactivate previously-activated T cells, it is not yet clear whether a B cell can initiate an immune response by providing the signals necessary to activate a resting T cell. We reasoned that resting B cells should not have this capacity because of the problems this would present with tolerance to self idiotypes. By exploiting the unique properties of the avian haematopoietic system, we have examined the presenting capacity of B cells in vivo and found that resting B cells are indeed unable to activate resting T cells.     

Pten dependence distinguishes haematopoietic stem cells from leukaemia-initiating cells

Recent advances have highlighted extensive phenotypic and functional similarities between normal stem cells and cancer stem cells. This raises the question of whether disease therapies can be developed that eliminate cancer stem cells without eliminating normal stem cells. Here we address this issue by conditionally deleting the Pten tumour suppressor gene in adult haematopoietic cells. This led to myeloproliferative disease within days and transplantable leukaemias within weeks. Pten deletion also promoted haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) proliferation. However, this led to HSC depletion via a cell-autonomous mechanism, preventing these cells from stably reconstituting irradiated mice. In contrast to leukaemia-initiating cells, HSCs were therefore unable to maintain themselves without Pten. These effects were mostly mediated by mTOR as they were inhibited by rapamycin. Rapamycin not only depleted leukaemia-initiating cells but also restored normal HSC function. Mechanistic differences between normal stem cells and cancer stem cells can thus be targeted to deplete cancer stem cells without damaging normal stem cells.     

Induction of embryonic stem cells to hematopoietic cells in vitro

In order to get hematopoietic cells from embryonic stem (ES) cells and to study development mechanisms of hematopoietic cells, the method of inducing embryonic stem cells to hematopoietic cells was explored by differenciating mouse ES cells and human embryonic cells in three stages. The differentiated cells were identified by flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry and Wright's staining. The results showed that embryoid bodies (EBs) could form when ES cells were cultured in the medium with 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME). However, cytokines, such as stem cell factor (SCF), thrombopoietin (TPO), interleukin-3 (IL-3), interleukin-6 (IL-6), erythropoietin (EPO) and granular colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), were not helpful for forming EBs. SCF, TPO and embryonic cell conditional medium were useful for the differentiation of mouse EBs to hematopoietic progenitors. Eighty-six percent of these cells were CD34+ after 6-d culture. Hematopoietic progenitors differentiated to B lymphocytes when they were cocultured with primary bone marrow stroma cells in the DMEM medium with SCF and IL-6. 14 d later, most of the cells were CD34-CD38+. Wright's staining and immunohistochemistry showed that 80% of these cells were plasma-like morphologically and immunoglubolin positive. The study of hematopoietic cells from human embryonic cells showed that human embryonic cell differentiation was very similar to that of mouse ES cells. They could form EBs in the first stage and the CD34 positive cells account for about 48.5% in the second stage.