河流相储集层夹层的三维空间分布研究

以钻井、测井资料以及7口取心井的分析化验、试油、试采和生产动态分析资料为基础,在地质条件约束下,建立了适合孤岛油田中一区Ng5段的测井解释模型,解释了有资料的762口井共9种地质参数,以探索夹层分布与剩余油的关系,并按优选序贯指示模拟方法在研究区内建立了夹层三维空间分布模型.检验结果表明该模型具有较高的准确性和可信性.模型分析显示,Ng5段夹层分布范围广,其形态、分布规律复杂,厚度变化大,平均厚度为0.61 m,延伸距离为50～180m,分布面积一般为0.01～0.1 km2.夹层分布密度为0.11～0.63,分布频率为0.52～1.24层/m,单夹层厚度分布为0.4～5.5 m,储层非均质性较强.研究还表明,在10-413,8-309,9-10和7-9等井区均有夹层连片分布,这些井区是剩余油富集的有利地区.     

胜坨油田坨7块沙二段91夹层随机建模研究

以胜坨油田坨7断块沙二段9¹层为例,进行夹层三维空间分布随机建模研究,以探索夹层分布与剩余油分布关系。综合研究区内的钻井、测井资料,共识别出泥质夹层、钙质夹层和物性夹层3种夹层。通过对各种模拟方法进行对比研究和分析,优选序贯指示模拟方法在研究区内建立夹层三维空间分布模型。模型分析显示,钙质夹层分布范围最广,泥质夹层次之,物性夹层最少。泥质夹层平均厚0.6m,延伸距离50～105m,分布面积一般为0.01～0.05km2,分布密度范围为0.11～0.63m/m,分布频率范围为0.52～1.24个／m;钙质夹层平均厚0.4m,延伸距离40～180m,分布面积一般为0.01～0.08km²,夹层分布密度范围0.15～0.76m/m,分布频率范围为0.61～1.39个／m;物性夹层分布范围小,数量少,对剩余油产生作用小。在2-163、3-33、5-228、4-10、7-221、5-213等井区,剩余油饱和度较高。在这些井区剩余油富集。     

测井技术在升平油田剩余油研究中的应用

本文通过研究探讨升平油田155井区加密井裸眼井测井和套管井测井水淹程度等解释资料,结合本井区井网类型、油水井连通方式等,分析加密井有效厚度、夹层、空气渗透率等因素对加密井剩余油分布规律的影响,进而推广到整个升平油田的剩余油分布状况。为油田的加密布井、射孔优化、措施挖潜等一系列措施提供了依据。     

珠江口盆地X油田夹层空间分布表征

夹层分布研究对海相砂岩老油田剩余油挖潜具有重要意义。在测井响应特征分析法识别和追踪单井夹层的基础上，采用“地质-测井-油藏”相互验证夹层定量表征技术，对珠江口盆地惠州凹陷X油田潜力油层夹层发育规律和分布特征，包括成因、厚度和分布范围等进行了详细研究。研究结果表明，X油田主要发育钙质夹层和泥质夹层。钙质夹层厚度范围0-2m，连续性差，主要发育在河道微相顶、底部及河口坝微相顶部。泥质夹层发育于海泛、堤岸和前积沉积环境，其中海泛成因夹层连续性相对较好。A、B、G油层夹层相对比较发育，平均厚度2m，连续性好，分布范围广。本文以微相控制夹层成因分析为基础，结合测井夹层识别和空间追踪结果，辅以油藏生产动态验证，建立了“地质-测井-油藏”相互验证夹层定量表征一体化创新技术，对类似油田夹层研究具有重要的借鉴意义。     

永安油田永7断块戴一段隔夹层特征研究

利用岩心和测井等资料,通过单井隔夹层划分和隔井间夹层对比,对永安油田永7断块戴一段隔夹层进行统计和描述;结合钻遇率、分布频率和分布密度等参数,描述隔夹层在地下的分布特征。研究表明,永7断块戴一段可划分出3类隔夹层:泥质隔夹层、钙质隔夹层和泥质砾岩隔夹层。岩心及测井资料在区内识别出3个砂层组、26个小层、17个层间隔层和21个层内夹层。层间隔层整体厚度较大,1-7、2-1、2-10、2-12、3-3五个小层顶部隔层发育,钻遇率高;2-8、2-9、2-11、2-13、3-3五个小层的层内夹层分布频率和分布密度较高,频率高值井区和密度高值井区基本统一;层内夹层横向延伸性均较好,属于较稳定夹层,欠稳定夹层或不稳定夹层较少。     

孤岛油田中一区馆5段隔夹层划分与展布

依据孤岛油田中一区的地质特点,处理了区段内1 000余口井的测井地质资料,对分布于研究区段的隔夹层进行了定性、定量的研究,共划分出8个砂层组、17个单砂层.7个隔层和9个夹层.对隔层展布及砂体单元内夹层的分布进行了描述,并对隔夹层与剩余油的分布规律之间的关系进行了分析和研究.研究发现在G2,G5,G6和G7下部单元的顶部剩余油富集程度高.主力油层馆532,531和541夹层分布密度和分布频率较小,剩余油饱和度较低,但可采剩余油绝对数量较大;馆51、馆52、馆542、馆55、馆56夹层分布密度和分布频率值较高,剩余油富集程度较高.     

乐安油田草4块Es4稠油油藏测井解释模型研究

研究区目的层段沙四段（Es₄）位处盆地边缘,地层埋藏浅（1000m左右）,储层疏松,油稠,岩石结构复杂,非均质性强、层间差异明显,测井资料解释难度较大。以取芯井分析化验、试油、试采和生产动态资料为基础,分别研究含砾砂岩、粗砂岩、细砂岩、粉砂岩、含砾泥质砂岩、泥质粉砂岩储层岩石的岩性、物性、电性及含油性之间的关系,分层段建立储层孔隙度、渗透率、含油饱和度测井解释模型。应用解释模型对研究区51口井进行了二次解释,结果表明,该解释模型具有较高的精度,为地质建模和剩余油挖潜研究提供了可靠的储层参数。     

多信息耦合的水平井井间隔夹层预测方法

综合利用岩心、常规测井、倾角测井、水平井测井和生产动态等资料,对塔里木盆地哈得逊油田东河砂岩隔夹层的静态地质特征、产状拾取、水平井测井响应特征、动态生产特征等进行系统研究。通过"静态模式指导、多测井系列解释、产状指向、水平井标定、导眼井与水平井匹配、动态预测及验证"的流程,建立有创新性和针对性的多信息耦合的水平井井间隔夹层预测方法。结果表明:研究区存在泥质、钙质和钙泥质隔夹层,从级次上分为层间、砂体间及单砂体内隔夹层;优选0. 2 m窗长、0. 02 m步长、30°探索角拾取隔夹层的产状,并进行产状转换;通过水平井段测井响应异常及深浅电阻率差异识别隔夹层的类型及位置;将研究区射孔及见效情况、含水率及日产液曲线进行分类,确立连续、半连续、不连续3类隔夹层展布范围及平行、倾斜两种隔夹层展布产状对应的注水区、边水区、底水区的单井生产动态特征。     

孤东油田七区中水淹层测井资料综合解释及评价

分析了孤东油田七区中测井资料，在此基础上提出了该区水淹层的定性判别模式。利用关键井分析技术建立了多种地质参数的测井解释模型，并利用灰色判别技术制定出有效厚度和夹层厚度的确定标准，利用常规测井资料对水淹层测井资料进行了定性与定量相结合的评价，评价解释结果与生产测试结果吻合较好，取得了良好的地质效果     

柴达木盆地昆北油田厚油层隔夹层研究

开发实践证明,厚油层内部隔夹层的分布规律是影响油田开发中后期单砂体注采关系及剩余油分布的主控因 素。柴达木盆地昆北油田A 区下干柴沟组下段油藏发育厚油层,厚油层内部泥质隔夹层发育,在岩芯标定测井的基础 上,建立了泥质隔夹层识别模式,并以此模式为标准开展了全区隔夹层的识别及分布规律研究,根据隔夹层的纵向分 布、平面展布特征将区内隔夹层分为稳定型隔夹层、次稳定型隔夹层和不稳定型隔夹层等3 种类型。水动力条件及基 准面旋回是控制隔夹层厚度变化及分布规模的主要因素。在分析3 种隔夹层分布规律的基础上,以泥质含量参数下 限值为约束条件利用随机建模方法预测了井间隔夹层的空间分布,建立了研究区隔夹层的三维展布模型,为油藏注采 关系调整、提高水驱储量动用程度提供了地质依据。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.