过渡金属离子改性TiO2薄膜上甲醛光催化降解作用研究

用溶胶-凝胶法在玻璃表面制备了不同金属离子掺杂的TiO2光催化薄膜，考察了掺杂金属离子种类（Fe^3＋、Cd^2＋、Cr^3＋、Co^2＋等）及其掺杂量对TiO2薄膜光催化降解甲醛的影响。结果表明，在日光灯和紫外灯照射下，各种溶胶体系所制备的催化荆均具有一定的甲醛降解活性，其中以添加乙酰丙酮缓释剂的溶胶体系所制备的催化剂活性较好。在掺杂的各种过渡金属离子中，掺杂Cd^2＋1．5wt％的TiO2薄膜催化剂表现出最好的甲醛光催化降解性能。XRD研究表明催化剂中的TiO2主要为锐钛矿型，掺杂Cd^2＋1．5wt％的样品的DR UV-VisiO2在430nm和600nm处出现宽的吸收峰，与该催化剂在日光灯照射下具有相对高的甲醛降解活性结果相吻合。     

金属共掺杂对TiO2光催化性能的影响

采用sol—gel法制备了Fe^3 -Ce^4 、La^3 --Ce^4 共掺杂TiO2光催化剂，以对水溶液中Rhodamine B的降解考察其光催化活性。XRD结果表明，制备的催化剂为锐钛矿型。共掺杂催化剂的光活性均高于单掺杂催化剂，La^3 -Ce^4 共掺杂TiO2光催化剂光活性高于Fe^3 -Ce^4 共掺杂TiO2光催化剂。荧光光谱(PL)结果表明，La^3 -Ce^4 共掺杂TiO2光催化剂有较弱的荧光强度，说明光催化活性与荧光强度具有负相关性。     

Cr2O3-TiO2负载金属光催化剂及其光分解水产氢性能研究

以钛酸四丁酯和重铬酸铵为原料,采用溶胶凝胶法制备Cr2O3 TiO2 复合型光催化剂,并利用浸渍法在Cr2O3 TiO2 表面分别负载Fe、Mn、Mo 过渡金属,制备了Fe Cr2O3 TiO2、Mn Cr2O3 TiO2、Mo Cr2O3 TiO2 三元复合型光催化剂.通过X射线衍射(XRD)、比表面分析(BET)和紫外可见吸收光谱(Uv Vis)对催化剂进行了表征.XRD结果表明:TiO2 为金红石结构;Cr2O3 为绿铬矿结构.催化剂在紫外光和可见光条件下均具有光催化分解水产氢活性,紫外光条件下三元复合型光催化剂可以明显提高光催化产氢活性,其中Mo Cr2O3 TiO2 活性最高,而在可见光条件下,三元复合型光催化剂产氢活性略低于Cr2O3 TiO2.     

稀土离子Gd^3＋掺杂TiO2光催化剂的制备及其对碱性品红降解性能的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了Gd^3＋掺杂TiO2光催化剂,利用紫外-可见漫反射光谱对样品进行了表征.考察了纯TiO2和Gd^3＋掺杂TiO2对碱性品红染料降解性能的影响.结果发现Gd^3＋的掺入抑制了TiO2由锐钛矿相向金红石相的转变,与纯TiO2相比,Gd^3＋掺杂TiO2催化剂在可见光区的吸收能力增强,该催化剂光催化降解碱性品红的活性提高了20%左右.实验表明,掺杂Gd^3＋1%（质量分数）,温度为25℃,底物浓度为20 mg·L^-1时对碱性品红染料降解的效果较好.     

TiO2纳米管阵列的制备及其光催化效率研究

以质量分数（下同）0.3%NH4F＋ethylene glycol＋1%H2O为电解液采用阳极氧化法制备了TiO2纳米管,研究了阳极氧化时间和退火温度对TiO2纳米管表面形貌、晶体结构和光催化效率的影响,比较了不同电解液制备的TiO2纳米管和溶胶凝胶法制备的TiO2薄膜的光催化效率.应用X射线衍射（XRD）和场发射扫描电镜（FESEM）对TiO2纳米管的形貌和结构进行了分析.结果表明：在阳极氧化恒电压50 V、阳极氧化48 h、450℃退火4 h条件下制备的TiO2纳米管具有最高的光催化效率,其光催化效率明显高于溶胶凝胶法制备的TiO2薄膜（4.4倍）,也高于0.5%HF电解液和弱酸水溶性电解液（0.5%HF＋1 mol/L NH4H2PO4）制备的TiO2纳米管的光催化效率.     

掺杂钇的纳米TiO_2的制备及光催化性能研究

以钛酸丁酯和硝酸钇为主要原料,采用溶胶一凝胶法制备了掺杂钇的纳米TiO2（Y—TiO2）．用XRD、TEM等方法对其进行了表征,晶型为锐钛矿,粒径范围12～25nm,以罗丹明B（RhB）为目标降解物,考察催化剂的光催化活性。结果显示,当Y^3＋的掺杂摩尔分数为0．5％,催化剂质量浓度为0．2g／L,紫外光照80min时,RhB的降解率可达98．2％,较纯TiO2光催化活性提高了160％。     

掺杂钇的纳米TiO2的制备及光催化性能研究

以钛酸丁酯和硝酸钇为主要原料,采用溶胶一凝胶法制备了掺杂钇的纳米TiO2（Y—TiO2）．用XRD、TEM等方法对其进行了表征,晶型为锐钛矿,粒径范围12～25nm,以罗丹明B（RhB）为目标降解物,考察催化剂的光催化活性。结果显示,当Y^3＋的掺杂摩尔分数为0．5％,催化剂质量浓度为0．2g／L,紫外光照80min时,RhB的降解率可达98．2％,较纯TiO2光催化活性提高了160％。     

TiO2纳米管的改性及光助催化性能研究

利用水热法制备了两种TiO2纳米管催化剂，用不同浓度硫酸对制备得到的TiO2纳米管进行酸化。结合XRD、SEM、TEM、DRS等手段对制备得到的样品进行物理结构和表面特性分析。结果表明，水热法制备得到的TiO2纳米管径为15nm左右，壁厚2—3nm，长度为40-100nm。以酸性橙Ⅱ为目标物考察了TiO2纳米管及其被硫酸酸化过的TiO2纳米管在石英玻璃反应器的光催化氧化性能。结果表明，在相同的条件下酸化的TiO2纳米管催化活性要远远高于未酸化的TiO2纳米管，这可能是因为S—O键具有很强的诱导效应，使得表面Ti^4＋的Lewis酸性增强，使光生电子一空穴对的分离效率提高，促进光催化反应的进行，即提高了TiO2纳米管的光催化性能。     

S、La3+共掺杂TiO2的制备及其可见光下光催化制氢性能

采用溶胶一凝胶法制备了S、La3 共掺杂TiO2可见光光催化剂.通过UV-Vis DRS、XRD、XPS、电化学等手段对催化剂进行了表征.以可见光光催化制氢为探针反应考察了催化剂的活性.结果表明:两种元素掺杂没有改变TiO2的晶型,但掺杂后增强了TiO2晶格畸变;La3 掺杂显著地提高了S/TiO2的可见光活性.相对于纯TiO2和S/TiO2,S、La3 共掺杂时TiO2的粒径更小,平带电位负移更明显,光的吸收边带红移更显著.当S、Ti的量比,n(S)/n(Ti)为5:1、La3 掺杂量(质量分数)为0.75%、煅烧温度为450℃时,La3 /S/TiO2的光催化活性最高.     

负载型TiO2催化剂的制备及其酯交换反应性能

采用水解法制备负载型TiO2／SiO2催化剂,用于苯酚和草酸二甲酯酯交换反应．通过考察催化剂焙烧温 度、载体粒径、催化剂用量、活性组分负载量和反应时间等因素对该酯交换反应的影响,确定出较佳的催化剂制备 工艺及反应条件．负载型氧化钛催化剂在该酯交换反应中表现出活性好、选择性高、催化剂易分离回收等优点．以 550℃焙烧的TiO2／SiO2为酯交换催化剂,TiO2负载量为13％,反应时间2h,反应温度180℃,草酸二甲酯的转化 率、甲基苯基草酸酯和草酸二苯酯的选择性分别为53．1％、72．1％和27．3％．     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.