功能阳离子淀粉的制备和应用

采用环氧氯丙烷、己二胺对可溶性淀粉进行接枝改性,制备了功能阳离子淀粉(CFS)颗粒.通过扫描电镜(SEM)、红外光谱(IR)以及紫外-可见光谱(UV)等测试手段对材料的微观相态结构和性能进行了表征.在0.1 g/L的直接耐晒大红4BS模拟染料废水中,考察了功能阳离子淀粉的用量、沉降时间,搅拌速度,搅拌时间等因素对脱色率的影响.结果表明,在60 rpm的搅拌速度下,功能阳离子淀粉的投入量为5 g/L,搅拌50 min,静置20 min,其脱色率可达94.4%.     

阳离子絮凝剂的合成及应用

以环氧氯丙烷、二甲胺和二乙烯三胺为原料制得了阳离子絮凝剂,研究了原料的摩尔比、反应温度、反应时间等因素对产品性能的影响.利用红外光谱对合成产物的结构进行了表征,并对染料溶液和实际染色废水进行了脱色效果试验.结果表明,当n(环氧氯丙烷)∶n(二甲胺)∶n(二乙烯三胺)=1.1∶1∶0.12,加料温度控制在20～25℃,升温至70℃,反应5 h制得的阳离子絮凝剂,对染料溶液和实际染色废水的脱色率均可达95%以上.     

阳离子絮凝剂的合成及应用

以环氧氯丙烷、二甲胺和二乙烯三胺为原料制得了阳离子絮凝剂,研究了原料的摩尔比、反应温度、反应时间等因素对产品性能的影响.利用红外光谱对合成产物的结构进行了表征,并对染料溶液和实际染色废水进行了脱色效果试验.结果表明,当n（环氧氯丙烷）∶n（二甲胺）∶n（二乙烯三胺）=1.1∶1∶0.12,加料温度控制在20～25℃,升温至70℃,反应5 h制得的阳离子絮凝剂,对染料溶液和实际染色废水的脱色率均可达95%以上.     

米根霉发酵甘薯淀粉制备L-乳酸的最适条件

以米根霉AS.3.819的诱变株为菌种、甘薯淀粉为碳源,对其摇瓶发酵生产L-乳酸工艺进行研究。结果表明,采用不同质量分数的液化甘薯淀粉、(NH4)2SO4、KH2PO4、ZnSO4·7HO2及MgSO4·7HO2作为发酵培养基组分,在温度为32℃和发酵时间为60h的条件下,L-乳酸质量浓度最大可以达到125g/L,糖转化率达到92.60%。     

Fenton-混凝催化氧化法处理焦化废水的影响因素

对Fenton 混凝催化氧化反应处理焦化废水的影响因素进行试验探索,并对实验过程中废水进行了紫外扫描,考察实验过程中的反应进程.研究结果表明,焦化废水在Fenton反应的催化氧化下产生了易被混凝沉降的中间产物.控制适当的温度,在适当的pH值环境下,当ρ(Fe2+)=140mg·L-1,ρ(H2O2)=200mg·L-1,ρ(FeCl3)=26mg·L-1,ρ(PAM)=5.2mg·L-1时,CODCr去除率能达到87.30%,色度去除率达到99.45%,CODCr和色度均达到标准.     

交联阳离子淀粉对糖蜜酒精废液的脱色性能研究

为探索一种高效简便的糖蜜酒精废液脱色方法,本实验采用交联阳离子淀粉对糖蜜酒精废液进行脱色处理,考察了交联阳离子淀粉用量,废液初始pH值,搅拌吸附时间及吸附温度4个因素对糖蜜酒精废液脱色率的影响,通过正交实验,确定了最佳工艺条件.实验结果表明:在室温下,当交联阳离子淀粉投加量4.5 g/L,废液初始pH 9.0,吸附时间7 min时,脱色率可达85.7%,脱色效果优异,操作简便.     

零价铁法处理活性艳橙X-GN染料废水

为解决零价铁法处理效率偏低的问题,采用间歇试验的方法,以难絮凝脱色的水溶性活性艳橙X-GN为目标染料,分别考察了pH值、固液比、铁炭比、铁屑粒径、振摇速度等对含染料废水的色度和CODCr影响。研究结果表明:在pH值为6.0、固液比为100g/L、铁炭比(质量比)为50、铁屑粒径为5～10目、振摇速度为150r.min-1的最优条件下,当处理时间控制在90min时,活性艳橙X-GN染料废水的脱色率可达到98%,CODCr去除率可达到83%。从以上结果可见,零价铁法处理活性艳橙X-GN染料废水成本低廉,处理效果好,具有很好的应用前景。     

溴酚红光度法测定微量阳离子表面活性剂

在聚乙烯醇存在的 pH值为 5.5左右的溶液中 ,溴酚红与阳离子表面活性剂形成离子缔合物 ,溶液由红棕色变为蓝紫色 ,可以用于水相直接测定阳离子表面活性剂 .最大吸收波长 590nm ,摩尔吸光系数分别为 3.9× 10 3L·mol- 1·cm- 1(溴化十六烷基三甲基铵 )、4 .0× 10 3L·mol·cm- 1(溴化十六烷基吡啶 ) ,方法简便、快速 ,用于合成水样中微量阳离子表面活性剂测定 ,结果满意 .     

分光光度法测定Fe(Ⅲ)-二甲酚橙显色反应的研究

在 5× 10 -2 mol·L-1HCl溶液中 ,二甲酚橙与Fe(Ⅲ )生成紫红色络合物 ,其最大吸收波长位于5 6 0nm处 ,表观摩尔吸光系数ε =2 .0× 10 4L·mol-1·cm-1.Fe(Ⅲ )含量在 0～ 2 .4mg·L-1范围内符合Beer定律 .用于水样中微量铁 (Ⅲ )的测定 ,结果较满意     

两级SBR工艺处理小城镇生活污水研究

采用两级 SBR (sequence batch reactor)工艺处理小城镇生活污水 ,试验结果表明 ,先通过 SBR1反应器对污水起到了平衡、均化作用 ,再通过 SBR2反应器实现了污水的脱氮除磷 .试验出水 ρCOD(铬法 )浓度为 2 1～ 43 mg· L-1,去除率达到 85 %～ 93 % ;出水ρ(N) (N为氨态氮 )为 3 .3～ 9.5 mg· L-1,去除率达到 65 %～ 81 % ;出水ρt(P)为 0 .3 2～ 0 .63 mg· L-1,去除率达到 87%～ 95 % .     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with