Inter-Organizational Coordination, IT Support, and Environment

Manufacturing organizations must know how to deal with uncertainty, manage environmental impact, effectively coordinate with suppliers, and use information technology （IT） to support coordination. Applying cybernetics and information processing theories, this study explores the relationship between organizational environment, inter-organizational coordination, IT support, and the effectiveness of interorganizational coordination. Using the case study method, data was collected from six manufacturing firms in China. The results show that inter-organizational system adoption is affected by organizational environment and is related to the management of inter-organizational coordination. Coordination and IT application affect the performance of inter-organizational coordination.     

Absorptive Capacity of Information Technology and Its Conceptual Model

In order to examine the problem of how to improve the use of information technology （IT） in enterprises, this paper makes an exploration from the perspective of organizational absorptive capacity. We propose the concept of IT absorptive capacity from an organizational level. A dynamic process model is developed to further analyze IT absorption. IT absorptive capacity of this process is embodied as six forms： identification, adoption, adaptation, acceptance, infusion, and knowledge management. By means of questionnaire surveys of 76 Chinese enterprises, the main factors that favor or disable the capacity of each stage are discovered. Using the method of system dynamics, a conceptual model of IT absorptive capacity is developed to analyze the action mechanism of the factors in detail. The model indicates that the critical factors are embodied in the aspect of management. Furthermore, it demonstrates that IT absorption is a spiral process, during which IT absorptive capacity evolves dynamically and, consequently, promotes IT use.     

IDT-TAM Integrated Model for IT Adoption

Two classical theories, the technology acceptance model （TAM） and the innovation diffusion theory （IDT）, were integrated into a model for analyzing individual information technology （IT） adoption behavior. In this IDT-TAM framework, the perceived characteristics of innovation are categorized as subjective evaluation, objective conditions, and interaction factors. The cognitive mechanisms that drive user IT acceptance are analyzed based on the patterns through which these characteristics influence individual user IT adoption behavior. The model was tested using an empirical survey regarding the adoption and use of e-mail in China. Results from a structural equation model analysis illustrate that the model provides meaningful insights for understanding, explaining, and predicting the IT adoption behavior of Chinese users.     

Review of IT/IS Adoption and Decision-Making Behavior in Small Businesses

The increased use of information technologies has led to more research on information technology/information system (IT/IS) adoption and decision-making behavior in small businesses to improve information utilization. This paper presents an extensive review of the literature on IT/IS adoption to identify the key factors affecting small businesses based on comparison analysis. The review identifies the current interest in the adoption of Internet based IT and points out that the factors affecting different stages of the business lifecycle and research variables should be selected in terms of the different technology types. Especially, the review emphasizes the characteristics of external openings on the network in the research on e-commerce adoption. Future studies should focus on IT/IS adoption and implementation in small and medium-sized businesses during the development of small and medium-sized industrial clusters and specialty towns.     

金融IT企业技术创新绩效的影响机理与评价研究

金融IT是中国信息化建设程度最高的行业之一,其将信息技术服务应用于金融业,为金融机构提供软件开发、系统集成、规划咨询等一体化IT服务,技术创新是金融IT企业的主要创新活动。本研究选取部分代表性企业为对象,运用因子分析法对金融IT企业技术创新绩效影响因素进行降维处理,并在此基础上结合层次分析法和模糊综合评价法对个体案例进行评价。研究结果表明：技术创新条件、外部环境、内部支持力度、需求驱动、信息交流、行业情况、资源基础、资源配置是金融IT企业技术创新绩效提升的主要驱动力量;创新产品营销费用、管理者创新素质、研发成功率均显著正向影响金融IT企业的技术创新绩效。     

信息技术激发企业组织结构深刻变革

信息技术不仅是企业管理的技术支撑，更应是企业组织结构的变革推进器。文章从管理学的角度出发，分析了信息技术所带来的企业效率、有效性和改革3方面的影响，阐述了信息技术对企业组织结构扁平化模式形成的影响机理，最后就企业组织结构变革的趋势——无边界趋势、网络组织和类似市场组织进行了初步探讨。     

基于间断平衡理论的企业复杂信息技术接受分析框架研究

信息技术的应用成为影响企业发展的重要因素,成功的信息系统引入需要深刻理解组织信息系统接受的全过程。在对组织信息系统接受的阶段研究进行回顾的基础上,从组织变革的视角考察组织复杂信息技术接受这一非线性过程,提出了一个基于间断平衡理论的组织信息系统接受分析框架。讨论结果表明,这一框架对于组织信息技术的引入更具有描述性、预测性和指导性。     

浅谈IT治理与信息化建设

IT治理机制使得IT战略与企业战略目标保持一致，提升IT投资的回报率，使得IT的决策、实施、服务、监督等流程置于企业控制之下，IT的各类资源和信息与企业战略和目标紧密关联。目前国外IT治理标准及辅助手段主要有COBIT、ITIL、ISO／IEC17799、PRINCE2、CMM。借鉴国外IT治理的思想和框架，科学系统地对信息技术及应用进行管理，逐步建立IT治理机制，对推动我国信息化建设持续有序地发展具有十分重要的现实意义。     

知识管理提升企业创新能力的实证研究

知识管理是近年来理论界关注的新课题,在日趋复杂的管理变革中,知识管理、信息技术(IT)的应用,企业的发展战略和内部环境如何影响企业创新能力是需要深入探讨的课题。该文以资源学派理论为依托,提出创新影响要素的实证研究模型和各项概念的测量指标,利用结构方程和线性回归模型,验证了知识管理水平是影响企业创新能力的主要因素;组织内部环境和IT应用通过知识管理水平间接地对企业创新能力产生影响;未来性战略对创新能力的提升有较强的正面影响等结论。     

Conceptual Model of IT Infrastructure Capability and Its Empirical Justification

Increasing importance has been attached to the value of information technology （IT） infrastructure in today’s organizations. The development of efficacious IT infrastructure capability enhances business performance and brings sustainable competitive advantage. This study analyzed the IT infrastructure capability in a holistic way and then presented a concept model of IT capability. IT infrastructure capability was categorized into sharing capability, service capability, and flexibility. This study then empirically tested the model using a set of survey data collected from 145 firms. Three factors emerge from the factor analysis as IT flexibility, IT service capability, and IT sharing capability, which agree with those in the conceptual model built in this study.     

IT科技工作者心理健康状况

 通过对多家IT企业的403位职工进行抽样问卷调查,以及对某IT公司的个案研究发现：IT科技工作者在身心健康方面呈现高压力、高焦虑、高幸福感、低抑郁、低倦怠的“三高两低”的特点;压力的主要来源是工作负荷及职业生涯发展这两方面;在影响身心健康的人口学因素方面,年龄和婚恋状况对身心健康有较大影响,36~40岁的员工处于高压力、低身心健康水平、低幸福感的状态;已婚或有稳定交往对象的员工压力、身心健康水平、幸福感水平优于离异或无稳定交往对象的员工;在个人性格特点方面,高进取心、高进攻心的A型人格对心理健康有负面影响,乐观、坚韧、自我效能、善于处理人际关系都对心理健康有积极影响。在外部因素方面,组织氛围对心理健康有积极影响,组织氛围越好、员工压力感越低、身心健康越好、幸福感越高。     

IT Capability as Moderator Between IT Investment and Firm Performance

Conflicting results from previous research relating information technology （IT） investments and firm performance suggest that there is no direct relationship between IT investments and firm performance. The resource-based view （RBV） of the firm is introduced as a research tool to examine how IT resources and capabilities affect firm performance. A theoretical rationale model is then used to investigate the relationship between IT investment and firm performance. The IT capability is assumed to be an important moderator variable rather than a mediator variable linking IT investments to firm performance, while the time period, the firm size, and the industry type, all recognized as factors influencing performance, are treated as control variables. The model and hypotheses are verified by sample data from leading IT firms in China. The data confirms the moderating effect of the IT capability.     

IT Organizational Transformation, Knowledge Integration, and IT Assimilation: A Case Study

This paper mainly analyzes how a firm assimilates information technology (IT) into organization work processes by restructuring the IT functions. Knowledge integration and organization coordination theory are used to build a conceptual research model to investigate the IT organizational transformation in Digital China as a case study. Then results indicate that the firm can integrate the individual knowledge of the senior executives, business managers/users, and IT professionals across the firm into the organizational knowledge through the IT organizational transformation, to effectively assimilate the information technology into the organizational business and decision-making processes.     

台湾中小企业采用知识管理之研究

知识管理(KM)已成为商界提升企业竞争力的关键所在.目前这方面的多数研究都集中在个体企业或是对KM领域内的一般性认识上,而很少探讨中小企业采用KM的情况.文章用实证的方式,探讨了影响KM采用的因素以及KM对企业经营绩效的影响.结果表明,资讯科技的运用程度是影响KM采用的最关键因素.企业推动KM的意愿受资讯科技、产品营销的复杂度的影响,其经营绩效受文件化程度和新知吸收机制的影响,其财务绩效受文件化程度和电脑化知识管理系统的影响.同时指出,企业的基本特性也会对KM的采用产生影响.     

基于信息技术的企业组织激励研究

通过将信息技术水平系数纳入到委托代理模型中,创新地建立了基于信息技术的企业组织激励模型,模型分析结果表明,简单组织中监督系统的信息技术水平越高,底层员工报酬合同的激励作用越显著,复杂组织中,随着信息技术水平的提高,底层员工报酬合同的激励作用也增强,而中层管理者的激励作用会因为风险传递效应的存在而呈现出先增强后减弱的变化趋势,通过对组织代理成本的分析可知,在信息技术水平较低和较高时,简单组织和复杂组织分别具有“激励优势。”。     

考虑土体非均质性的三维土坡稳定性上限分析

基于极限分析上限法,构建了三维土质边坡牛角状对数螺旋锥体破坏机制.通过与经典文献解答的对比分析,验证了方法的可靠性.探讨了忽略土体体积压缩耗能对三维土坡稳定性系数的影响,并分析了不同坡角、不同内摩擦角和不同宽高比三维土坡稳定性随土体非均质性变化的规律.计算分析结果表明,在内摩擦角较大而坡角和宽高比均较小的情况下,土体体积压缩耗能需要考虑;而在内摩擦角和坡角均较大或仅内摩擦角较小的情况下,土体体积压缩耗能可以被忽略.三维土坡稳定性随非均质性的增强而下降,当坡角越小或内摩擦角越大时,边坡稳定性受土体非均质性的影响越大;边坡宽高比反映边坡的三维效应,三维效应强的边坡的稳定性受土体非均质性的影响越大,其稳定性系数在土体非均质性很强时小于三维效应较弱的边坡.     

行为建模角度信息技术采纳研究综述

行为建模角度的信息技术采纳研究是管理信息系统领域的重要分支。对1989年至2006年上半年管理信息系统领域七本国际顶尖期刊中检索出的120篇相关文献并进行了归纳和分析,提出了关于这一领域研究发展历程和新兴发展方向的一些观点,以期帮助国内学者更全面的了解国际该领域研究的现状和趋势。     

竞争优势和中国当地手机制造企业的崛起

本文从技术学习的角度 ,探讨促进中国当地手机制造企业崛起的成功因素。本文主要研究两个问题 :(1)当地企业的进入条件是什么 ?(2 )当地企业的竞争优势是什么 ?横向的产业结构、独立技术供应商的出现、迅速增长的国内市场和恰当的进入时机是当地企业成功进入的四个关键因素。当地企业的竞争优势主要包括组织信心、政府支持、面向当地市场和渠道优势     

绿色认知、组织支持对粮农绿色生产技术采纳影响——基于Triple-Hurdle模型的分析

基于粮食主产区山东省319户粮农的微观数据，将粮农的绿色生产技术采纳划分为绿色生产技术采纳意愿、采纳行为、采纳程度3个方面，运用Triple-Hurdle模型进行分析研究。结果表明：绿色认知、组织支持对粮农绿色生产技术的采纳意愿、采纳行为和采纳程度具有显著正向影响；组织支持能正向调节绿色认知对粮农绿色生产采纳的影响，但在不同阶段调节效应有差异；绿色认知对粮农的绿色生产技术采纳具有组群差异，绿色认知对于大规模粮农和年轻粮农的绿色生产技术采纳影响更大。     

IT资源与持续竞争优势——基于企业资源观的述评

应用可持续性分析工具——企业资源观(RBV),对信息技术(IT)资源与持续竞争优势的关系进行理论评述。分别就IT有形资源、IT无形资源、IT人力资源及其互补作用对持续竞争优势的贡献做了详细的分析。研究表明,要取得一定的有竞争力的IT资源,需要企业花费相当多的时间精力去学习和积累。IT资源具有高度的社会复杂性,难以模仿和复制,可以成为持续竞争优势的源泉。该研究为IT与持续竞争优势关系的进一步深入研究提供了理论基础。