鄂尔多斯盆地东南部马家沟组碳酸盐岩碳氧同位素特征及意义

对鄂尔多斯盆地东南部马家沟组白云岩和灰岩的碳氧同位素进行测定。结果显示,样品的碳氧同位素值分布较为离散,二者的相关性仅为0.18,氧同位素平均值为-8.34‰;对锰、锶元素含量进行测定,计算ω(Mn)/ω(Sr)平均值为1.4,表明采集样品大部分受后期成岩蚀变影响小,可较好地代表原始地层的沉积特征。马五段、马六段样品的碳氧同位素值变化差异明显:马五段白云岩δ13C在-1.33‰~1.01‰(PDB),δ18O值在-9.58‰~-6.46‰(PDB),为中低负值;马六段灰岩δ13C在-6.75‰~0.92‰(PDB),δ18O值在-11.36‰~-7.33‰(PDB),马六段的碳氧同位素值较马五段离散,且发生了明显的负漂移。Z值与碳同位素值具有较高的相关性,而与氧同位素值相关性低,仅作为该区古盐度变化的相对参考值。碳氧同位素值与Z值所反映的环境信息表明,鄂尔多斯盆地东南部马家沟组马五期为海退期,海水循环性差,气候干旱炎热,处于蒸发环境,海水盐度较高。马六期形成的灰岩由于长期裸露地表,受到大气淡水淋滤作用的影响,角砾泥晶灰岩发育,其碳氧同位素值较低。     

鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘蓟县系碳酸盐岩碳氧同位素特征及其地质意义

通过对鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘蓟县系白云岩进行碳氧同位素分析、成岩环境分析及古盐度、古温度的恢复,结果表明,研究区蓟县系未经过深埋藏,一直处于近地表,其δ~(13)C_(PDB)和δ~(18)O_(PDB)分布范围较窄,分别为-0.4‰～-0.2‰、-4.7‰～-3.9‰,与研究区稳定存在的潮间带环境特征相一致;得出古盐度值(Z)为124.24～124.74,古水温(T)为19.12～22.67℃,反映该区中元古代温暖的古气候环境.分析表明,在温暖的古气候背景下,蓟县系碳氧同位素变化特征具有一定的正相关性,推测温度可能对碳氧同位素的变化起主要控制作用.垂向上,δ~(13)_C_(PDB)、δ~(18)O_(PDB)、Z与T具有波动性变化,但整体变化幅度较小,在一定程度上反映了研究区中元古代稳定的构造环境.综合分析认为,鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘中元古代气候环境温暖并具有稳定的构造环境,这可能是华北板块在中元古代处于较低纬度及研究区在该时期持续热沉降的良好响应.     

轮古西地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩古岩溶储层碳、氧同位素地球化学特征

中—下奥陶统鹰山组碳酸盐岩古岩溶储层是塔里木盆地轮古西地区的主要油气产层 .为了弄清储层的成因类型、储层古岩溶过程中的流体性质和古水文条件 ,为预测和评价此类储层提供有关的地球化学信息 ,讨论了储层形成过程中记录的碳、氧稳定同位素特征 .结果表明 :轮古西地区奥陶系鹰山组碳酸盐岩古岩溶储层中的δ13C和δ18O值的变化范围较大 ,δ13C值为 -0 .70‰～ -6.5 0‰ ,平均值 -1 .76‰ ;δ18O值为 -3 .75‰～ -1 7.1 0‰ ,平均值 -9.42‰ .碳酸盐岩基质、冲积岩和方解石胶结物的δ13C和δ18O分布具有一定的差异 .三类样品的δ18O值均具有明显偏负特征 ,表明在碳酸盐岩成岩过程中受到大气成因的淡水影响 ,反映了当时的风化壳岩溶成岩环境 .冲积岩样品的δ13C值的偏负程度较高 ,其物源可能来自石炭—二叠系地层     

米仓山-汉南隆起牛蹄塘组页岩稳定碳同位素组成及其意义

利用牛蹄塘组暗色泥页岩样品进行有机碳同位素(δ~(13)C_(org))、无机碳同位素(δ~(13)C_(carb))、氧同位素(δ~(18)O)、总有机碳(TOC)、微量元素测定,分析米仓山-汉南隆起区早寒武世古海洋环境及其与页岩有机质生产的关系。基于原始海洋巨大溶解有机碳库(DOC)和海洋分层理论,结合不同古海洋微生物种属碳分馏特征,描述米仓山-汉南隆起区早寒武世古海洋环境和有机质生产模式。结果表明:研究区牛蹄塘组页岩中获取的碳氧同位素具有良好的原始性,对研究区古海洋环境具有良好的指示意义;δ~(13)C_(org)明显富集轻碳同位素(~(12)C)显示强烈的负异常,分布在-34.032‰～-29.537‰,属于L型无定形有机质,且更富集轻碳同位素;δ~(13)C_(carb)明显富集重碳同位素(~(13)C),分布在-1.21‰～3.64‰;氧同位素δ~(18)O分布在-8.94‰～-3.5‰;研究区南北部碳氧同位素空间分布具有差异性,与南部西河乡剖面相比,北部宁强铁锁关和两河村剖面的碳同位素具较高的δ~(13)C_(org),偏正的δ~(13)C_(carb)和高的δ~(13)C_(carb-org),且δ~(13)C_(carb)与δ~(13)C_(org)呈明显的解耦关系而与δ~(13)C_(carb-org)线性相关;牛蹄塘组页岩碳氧同位素组成取决于海侵过程中藻类、化能自养、甲烷细菌、甲烷氧化菌等特殊的古海洋微生物种属分布或活动强度与上升洋流、海洋分层的有机结合。     

贵州独山地区上二叠统合山组C、O同位素特征、沉积环境分析

合山组的沉积环境在不同地区存在较大差异,前人未有关于独山地区上二叠统合山组沉积环境及C、O同位素的报道。为了查明贵州独山地区合山组沉积环境及C、O同位素特征,在分析合山组沉积组合和沉积相的基础上,进一步分析了合山组26件碳酸盐岩样品的C、O稳定同位素特征,以及沉积环境演化过程。结果表明,贵州独山地区合山组主要发育了局限台地、开阔台地、台地边缘浅滩和台盆4种沉积环境;δ~(13)C(PDB)值变化在-1.1‰~5.0‰之间,平均值为3.1‰,δ~(18)O(PDB)值变化在-8.8‰~-2.1‰之间,平均值为-5.6‰;δ~(13)C值与海平面的变化呈正相关,δ~(18)O值主要受海平面变化影响,与之呈负相关;研究区古盐度Z值主要介于120.3~132.4之间;根据δ18O计算出的古温度在13.7℃~47℃,平均温度为30.2℃,代表了热带气候。在晚二叠世,独山地区合山组早期沉积环境是由局限台地、开阔台地、台地边缘浅滩迅速变为深水台盆沉积,之后海水变浅,中期经历了由局限台地迅速变为台盆沉积的演化过程,晚期为局限台地环境沉积。     

石灰泥岩——一种陆源机械成因的碳酸盐岩

石灰泥岩是束鹿凹陷含量最多的岩石类型之一,它分布于始新世沙河街组三段中下部,前人笼统地称之为泥灰岩.应用沉积学及同位素地球化学方法,对石灰泥岩的岩石类型进行详细的岩石学特征及成因研究.结果表明:研究区该类岩石结构组分主要为砂粒级、粉砂粒级碳酸盐成分的碎屑颗粒以及泥粒级的碳酸盐质点;岩石的碎屑结构较清楚;石灰泥岩和由同成分而不同粒级颗粒(碳酸盐成分的砾、砂、粉砂、泥质等)所构成的岩石在空间上相伴出现;岩石中氧同位素(δ18O)值为-9‰～-5‰,碳同位素(δ13C)值大于1‰,最大值为3.2‰;碳-氧同位素资料均显示受物源的影响明显,认为这是一种罕见的陆源机械成因的碳酸盐岩.     

江西永平铜矿含矿方解石C-O同位素研究

江西永平铜矿床是位于钦-杭金属成矿带东端的一个大型铜矿床,其成因类型长期存在较大争议。通过对永平铜矿床后成矿阶段含矿方解石进行C-O同位素及XRD测试。结果表明,方解石C-O同位素组成相对均一,其δ~(13)C_(PDB)值为-2.7‰～-3.8‰,平均值-3.3‰;δ~(18)O_(SMOW)值为16.4‰～17.9‰,平均值为17.2‰。该结果说明永平铜矿床后成矿阶段的碳来自于深部原生碳酸岩或幔源碳酸岩,海相碳酸盐岩几乎无贡献;氧同位素结果显示其可能经历了原生碳酸岩或幔源碳酸岩与硅酸盐岩高温交换作用。永平铜矿床为矽卡岩型矿床,成矿阶段石英+方解石±硫化物脉形成的温度为122℃左右。本研究成果为永平铜矿床的成因和后成矿阶段演化的流体特征提供了新的制约。     

贵州习水地区奥陶系露头层序地层研究

根据野外露头剖面资料,结合碳氧同位素分析,探讨了贵州习水地区奥陶系层序地层界面识别、层序划分及其碳氧同位素响应。研究区奥陶系可划分出6个三级层序,包括两个I型层序界面,两个II型层序界面及两个III型层序界面。三级层序内海侵体系域和高水位体系域内δ13C分别呈增加和减小的趋势。碳氧同位素响应能有效反映准层序叠置形成四级层序。米级旋回发育两种模式:L–M型米级旋回、潮下型米级旋回。     

湖南羊角脑铀矿床碳氧同位素地球化学研究

羊角脑铀矿床是鹿井矿田南部的一个中型矿床,该矿床矿体主要受断裂破碎带控制,碳酸盐化与铀矿化关系密切。对羊角脑铀矿床不同期次的方解石脉进行碳氧同位素分析。该矿床成矿早期、成矿期、成矿晚期都发育方解石脉,从成矿早期→成矿期→成矿晚期,方解石的δ~(13)C_(PDB)值有明显降低的趋势,而δ~(18)O_(SMOW)值成矿早期最低,成矿期与成矿晚期方解石的δ~(18)O_(SMOW)值变化范围与平均值相似。羊角脑矿床成矿早期方解石δ~(13)C_(PDB)介于-5.0‰~-6.4‰,平均值为-5.8‰,与幔源CO_2的碳同位素变化范围与平均值相似,而成矿期与成矿晚期由于CO_2发生脱气作用引起的同位素分馏而降低,表明该矿床成矿流体中的碳来自地幔去气作用,方解石的δ~(13)C-δ~(18)O组成呈负相关关系,进一步证实羊角脑铀矿床成矿流体中CO_2矿化剂是地幔去气作用形成。     

川西地区中二叠统一下三叠统碳酸盐岩碳氧同位素特征

针对川西地区中二叠统一下三叠统碳酸盐岩,通过分析3个剖面的碳氧同位素数据,计算Z值及古温度,并结合沉积相、古生物等,对该区域碳酸盐岩碳氧同位素演化特征及古环境进行了系统研究。结果表明,川西地区中二叠统一下三叠统碳酸盐岩的δ~(13)C值为-3.90‰~2.80‰,主要值域为-2.80‰~2.80‰,均值为-0.04‰;δ~(18)O值为-9.70‰~-1.80‰,主要值域为-8‰~-4‰,均值为-6.60‰。研究区古环境基本处于海相环境,东北边缘水体相对较深,西南边缘水体相对较浅,海水温度为8.8~68.4℃,主要值域为16~33℃,属于温暖或炎热的亚热带气候,经历了栖霞期—茅口期、吴家坪期—长兴期、飞仙关期—嘉陵江期3次大的海平面变化旋回,且其间各有若干次次级旋回。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.