高校美术教育素描基础课教改探索

创新素描基础教学方法和模式，对提高美术教学质量。加快创新型人才的培养具有重要的意义。在我国大学美术教育中。素描是一门重要的基础课程，它是培养学生的审美修养、造型能力、语言表达以及创造意识的重要途径。忽视创新能力的培养是素描教学的最大误区。要避免此类现象发生，就要在素描基础教学的目标和任务、方式和方法等方面进行改革。从而构建起素描基础教育的新模式。     

高师素描教学特点刍议

(一)在高等美术教育中,无论是高师美术系还是美术学院的各个专业,素描都是主要的基础课程,因为它是造型艺术的基础。但是高等师范美术教育,由于它是为美术基础教育服务,以培养中等美术教育师资为目的的,因此它的素描教学就应该有自己的特点:1、全面性在高师美术系的教学内容中,学生要掌握中国画、油画、版画、工艺美术、书法篆刻等基本知识和技能。做为造型主要基础课的素描教学,除了掌握正确的观察     

浅谈高师美术素描教学面临的问题及对策

基础教育课程改革正在引起高等师范美术教育在观念、内容和方式等方面的转变，作为基础的素描教学尤为关键。传统的素描教学存在着诸多问题，应不断运用多种教学手段，拓展教学内容；注重想象力和创造力的培养；采取灵活多样的评价方式，以适应新时期素质教育的要求。     

素描教学中易出现的问题及对策

由于契斯恰柯夫教学体系的局限，也由于学生专业基础差、认识水平有限，素描教学存在诸多问题，教学中应激发学生做画兴趣，加大做画数量；引导学生从认识上进一步提高。     

论素描教学

素描是绘画中的一个独立的画种,又是造型艺术的基础。在美术专业的教学中,素描是最重要的基础课程。意大利文艺复兴时期的大师米开朗奇罗说:“素描,它是构成油画、雕刻、建筑以及其它种类绘画的源泉和本质,并且也是一切科学的根子。”这一精辟的论断为素描的重要性做出了最好的说明。表面上看,素描只是一门训练美术工作者造型功力的学科,它包括让学习者从最简单的     

两年制高师美术教育专业素描教学初探

素描是一种单色的独立画种,又是美术专门训练中用以解决造型问题的课程。通常将素描划分为三类:一类是创作素描,是为绘画创作所作的草图,或以素描为画种的独立作品:二是素材素描,是画家为进行创作所描绘的生活片断,人物形象等的素材;三是基础素描,是初学者为掌握基本的造型能力所作的基本功训练。主要是技能性练习,解决造型中     

素描教学中创造性思维的培养

针对当前美术院校和相关艺术专业的素描基础教学现状以及存在的问题,提出如何在教学中加强和提高学生的创造性思维意识及能力,化解传统与现代素描教学方式中的矛盾,以及如何看待这两者的关系,建立与现代相适应的个性化、多元化的素描教学理念。确立在素描教学的所有环节中,始终以培养和提高学生创造性思维为目的的观念。     

以书法代素描---对中国画教育的一点思考

当代学院中国画的教育基本上是照搬西方教育模式：以素描作为美术训练的基础课,而忽视书法作为中国画教育的特殊,从而排除了书法在中国画教学课程设置中的专业地位,使当代中国画相比于传统中国画缺少了许多文化内涵和形式意味.因此以书法代替素描成为必要.     

计算机数码手绘设计素描研究与课堂教学实践——以图形图像设计专业设计素描课堂教学改革为例

改革传统设计素描的教学方法，由纸笔画素描变成由计算机数位板画数码素描，在教学实践中总结出数码设计素描的软硬件用品、绘画基本技法、课堂教学组织形式。数码设计素描直接在计算机上进行手绘，改变了学生经纸笔介质学习素描后，依然不会在计算机上起稿、造型、深入刻画的弊端，加强了学生用计算绘画的原创性。计算机手绘数码素描能解决计算机设计类专业学生没有美术基础学习素描难度大、难以出成绩、兴趣不足等问题，为素描课程体系提供了一个课改新方向。     

浅谈高考前与后素描基础的教与学

素描是造型艺术的基础，素描是绘画的基本功，在艺术院校中素描是基础教学中的主要内容，所以一个人要进入高等艺术院校必须通过严格的素描训练与加试，只有扎实的素描基础才能通过考试，以便顺利进入高等艺术院校。高考前与后素描基础的教与学相互联系的，有利也有弊。要改变考前素描基础教学观念，使考前考后素描基础教与学之间更好的结合，使之真正成为绘画基础的基础。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to