长期培养的红豆草愈伤组织及其分化芽中染色体变异的研究

对长城１号和埃斯基红豆草在组织培养和原生质体培养中形成的愈伤组织及分化的芽进行了细胞学研究．结果表明，在上述材料中均存在染色体数的变异，其变化范围为７～１１２，主要变异类型是以７为基数的整倍性增减，非整倍性变化的较少．染色体数的变异程度与愈伤组织的性质、培养时间的长短、继代培养中激素的累积浓度以及２，４－Ｄ的浓度有着密切的关系．在丧失分化能力的长城１号红豆草愈伤组织中，正常核型的细胞仅占３３％～３５％；有分化能力的埃斯基红豆草愈伤组织中，正常细胞为４１％～５０％；而在分化的芽中正常细胞数均超过５０％．培养时间越长，激素累积浓度越高，染色体的变异程度越大．在短时间内使用高浓度的２，４－Ｄ进行培养，也可以引起较大的变异．另外，还观察到了染色体结构的各种变异和有丝分裂异常     

激素对小麦和小黑素杂交后代花药培养和染色体加倍的影响

用不同培养基对小麦和小黑麦杂交后代进行花培养,发现含２．４－Ｄ和６ＢＡ（Ｖ（２．４－Ｄ）：Ｖ（６ＢＡ）＝２：１）的培养基上形成的愈伤组织,其再分化苗的绿苗率和染色体加倍率远高于其他培养在。     

Cs~+(Na~+)-DMF体系的~(133)Cs及 ~(23)Na NMR研究

本文用１３３Ｃｓ，２３Ｎａ ＮＭＲ方法测定了 ＤＭＦ体系中不同 ＣｓＩ、 ＮａＢｒ浓度下的化学位移；推算它们的缔合常数Ｋｉｐ分别为７．８（ｍｏｌ／ｌ）－１与２（ｍｏｌ／ｌ）－１。又测定不同浓度ＤＢＣ时 ＣＳＩ的化学位移；推测该体系可能形成 ＣＳ＋（ＤＢＣ）２夹心络合物，且估算络合平衡常数 Ｋ为 ４．２×１０４（ｍｏｌ／ｌ）－２。     

关于方程x^2—D=p^n的解数

设Ｄ为正整数，ｐ为适合ｐＤ的奇素数．作者用Ｂａｋｅｒ有效方法证明了：若（Ｄ，ｐ）≠（ｐｍ－ε４ａ）２－ｐｍ，４ａ２＋ｍ，４ａ２＋ε），ε＝±１，且ｍａｘ（Ｄ，ｐ）≥１０３２，则方程ｘ２－Ｄ＝ｐｎ至多有三组正整数解（ｘ，ｎ）．     

小鼠肺腺癌细胞系（LA－795）高、低转移亚系染色体核型比较研究

对小鼠肺腺癌细胞系（ＬＡ－７９５）高、低转移亚系（ＬＡ－７９５－Ｃ＿６和ＬＡ－７９５－Ｃ＿７）体外培养第２０及３０代细胞染色体Ｇ显带核型进行比较，结果高转移亚系细胞染色体众数较低转移亚系细胞具有不稳定性的特点，表明转移潜能的差异和遗传物质的稳定程度密切相关．高、低转移亚系出现相同及不同的标志染色体和异常染色体，其中，高转移亚系出现标志染色体８种及ｄｅｌ（８）ｑ￣（ｔｅｒ），ｄｅｌ（１２）ｑ￣（ｔｅｒ），１１Ｐ￣＋，１３Ｐ￣＋，ｔｒｉ（２Ｍ４），ｄｉｃ（２Ｍ５），Ｍ６：７ｑ￣＋？；而低转移潜能亚系出现标志染色体１２种及ｄｅｌ（８）ｑ￣（ｔｅｒ），ｄｅｌ（１２）ｑ￣（ｔｅｒ），ｒ（１５），ｄｉｃ（Ｍ６；２Ｍ７），Ｍ８：７ｑ￣＿？ｔ（２：２），ｔ（２：１５），ｔ（１５：Ｍ１０），ｔ（１５：Ｍ１１），ｔ（５：Ｍ１２）．表明来源于同一母系而转移潜能不同的亚系染色体核型具有本质上的差异，转移潜能与其密切相关．另外，分析低转移亚系出现ｔ（２：２）；ｔ（Ｃ２：１５）ｔ（１５：Ｍ１０）；ｔ（１５：Ｍ１１）；　ｔ（５：Ｍ１２）；ｒ（１５）等现象，推测高、低转移潜能亚系细胞可能存在本身Ｈ－２系统及ＣＤ４４抗元表达的差异，这很可能     

早孕妇女蜕膜中淋巴细胞抗原的分析

检测早孕蜕膜中淋巴细胞抗原的表达。以几种抗淋巴细胞表面标志的单克隆抗体,采用花环标记、碱磷酶抗碱磷酶（ＡＰＡＡＰ）法,对２３例早孕蜕膜组织中的淋巴细胞进行测定。早孕蜕膜淋巴细胞中ＣＤ３＋、ＣＤ４＋、ＣＤ１６＋及Ｂ细胞百分率（ｘ±ｓ）分别为２９．５２±６．８０％、２３．６０±４．８０％、２０．９１±４．０６％、１．０７±１．００％、７．８１±２．５６％,ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８为１．２±０．２,ＣＤ３－淋巴细胞呈大颗粒淋巴细胞（ＬＧＬ）形态。早孕蜕膜中存在较多ＣＤ３－、ＣＤ１６－形态呈ＬＧＬ的ＮＫ细胞,ＣＤ４＋细胞与ＣＤ８＋细胞的比值较正常外周血明显降低。     

新试剂6-(2-羟基-4-二乙基氨苯偶氮)-2,3-二氢-1.4-酞嗪二酮的电化学发光研究

应用自制的ＥＣＬ－１型电致化学发光仪，对新试剂６－（２－羟基－４－二乙基氨苯偶氮）－２．３－二氢－１，４－酞嗪二酮（ＨＤＥＡ）在Ｎａ２ＣＯ３－ＮａＨＣＯ３缓冲介质中的电化学发光行为作了研究．结果发现，当介质ｐＨ值为 １０．５４时，在一定的实验条件下，施加 １．７Ｖ （ＶＳ．ＳＣＥ）三角波脉冲电压，体系的发光强度与ＨＤＥＡ浓度在５．０ × １０－９～１．０×１０－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内呈线性关系，反应的检测限达１．０×１０－９ｍｏｌ／Ｌ．     

1,3-二咔唑基丙烷三元激基复合物的形成及光谱特征

对１ ,３ － 二咔唑基丙烷（１ ,３ － ＤＣＺＰ） 在光激发下与电子受体化合物１ , ４ － 二氰基苯（１ ,４ －ＤＮＢ） 形成三元激基复合物的光物理过程进行了研究． 结果表明, 当１ , ４ － ＤＮＢ 对高浓度的１ , ３－ ＤＣＺＰ荧光猝灭时, 随着猝灭剂浓度的增加, 电子给体和电子受体分子形成了［ＤＤＡ］＊ 型（２个１ , ３ － ＤＣＺＰ分子和一个１ , ４ － ＤＮＢ分子） 的三分子激基复合物; 当１ , ４ － ＤＮＢ 对低浓度的１ , ３ － ＤＣＺＰ荧光猝灭时形成了［（ＤＤ）Ａ］ ＊ 型（１ 个１ , ３ － ＤＣＺＰ分子具有２ 个电子给体基因, 与１ 个１ , ４ － ＤＮＢ分子） 的三元激基复合物．     

非线性电-强相互作用中的海森堡测不准关系(S=4～1800GeV)(英文)

所谓“纽结破坏测不准关系”是很轻率的．在多重强子物理学中，测不准关系迄今都是正确的．对于（ａＱ）－νＫν（ａＱ）分布，测不准关系ΔｘΔｐ＝４［１－（２／３）２γＢ（ｇＲ，ｅＲ）］１／２３不会因为非线性相互作用而破坏，这是由于存在收敛条件（Ｄ－４）＜γＢ（ｇＲ，ｅＲ）＜（Ｄ－３），其中的Ｄ＝４－ε为时空维度．     

荧光猝灭法测定硅酸盐矿物中的微量钛

用荧光猝灭法研究了二溴羟基苯基荧光酮（Ｔｉ（Ⅳ）－ＤＢＨ－ＰＦ－Ｔｒｉｔｏｎｘ－１００）体系的测定方法与条件。在ｐＨ为１．５～２．１的Ｈ２ＳＯ４介质中Ｔｒｉｔｏｎｘ－１００存在下，Ｔｉ（Ⅳ）与ＤＢＨ－ＰＦ形成１∶２的桔红色络合物。钛浓度在０．０１～４μｇ／２５ｍＬ范围内ΔＦ与钛浓度呈良好的线性关系，相关系数ｒ＝０．９９８８，检量限为０．４ｎｇ／ｍＬ。方法灵敏度高，选择性好。该方法用于硅酸盐矿物如水泥、硅质砂岩、粘土和石灰岩中微量钛的测定获得了满意的结果     

外源激素诱导甜瓜下胚轴愈伤组织的效应

在1/2MS的基本培养基中附加2,4-D1.0毫克/升、6-BA2.0毫克/升或2,4-D0.1毫克/升和6-BA1.0毫克/升,都能诱导甜瓜下胚轴发生愈伤组织。但是,不同激素作用下,甜瓜下胚轴愈伤组织的起源不同。2,4-D诱导维管束中薄壁细胞和紧靠维管束的一圈皮层细胞启动。6-BA诱导维管束中发生形成层以及诱导皮层细胞启动。不仅如此,2,4-D和6-BA对甜瓜下胚轴中可溶性蛋白的含量以及过氧化物酶活性影响也明显不同。在过氧化物同工酶谱的分析中发现附加6-BA时,形成的愈伤组织存在着特有的酶带。     

外源激素诱导甜瓜下胚轴愈伤组织的效应

在1/2MS的基本培养基中附加2,4-D1.0毫克/升、6-BA2.0毫克/升或2,4-D 0.1毫克/升和6-BA1.0毫克/升,都能诱导甜瓜下胚轴发生意伤组织。但是,不同激素作用下,甜瓜下胚轴愈伤组织的起源不同。2,4-D诱导维管束中薄壁细胞和紧靠维管束的一圈皮层细胞启动。6-BA诱导维管束中发生形成层以及诱导皮层细胞启动。不仅如此,2,4-D和6-BA对甜瓜下胚轴中可溶性蛋白的含量以及过氧化物酶活性影响也明显不同。在过氧化物同工酶谱的分析中发现附加6-BA时,形成的愈伤组织存在着特有的酶带。     

黄花菜的离体培养中胚状体的发生和再生植株形成的研究

将黄花菜的幼嫩花梗及花托培养在Ｎ６＋２．４－Ｄ２＋６－ＢＡ１培养基上，已经诱导出大量胚状体，在相同培养基上继代培养，建立了黄花菜胚状体元性系．成熟的胚状体，转到１／２ＭＳ＋ＮＡＡ０．２培养基上，长成了带有根系的完整植株．再生植株成功地移栽到土壤基质中，成活率达９０％以上．     

离体培养中黄槐叶片细胞脱分化的细胞学观察

黄槐叶片外植体接种于 MS+2,4-D 1 ppm+NAA 1 ppm+6-BA 2 ppm 培养基上,外植体的维管薄壁细胞及维管束鞘细胞先脱分化启动,而后栅栏组织细胞脱分化,进而形成愈伤组织.细胞脱分化启动时有两个明显特点:一是细胞质变浓,核相对变大,核仁明显;二是细胞开始积累淀粉.细胞脱分化过程中细胞分裂方式以无丝分裂为主,有丝分裂较少.通过观察无丝分裂的主要过程,可以认为它是典型的劈裂式无丝分裂.文中还对两种细胞分裂方式在愈伤组织形成中的意义进行了讨论.     

植物激素对半夏种子的发芽影响研究

为了探索植物激素对半夏种子的发芽影响,为半夏的品种选育和遗传改良提供技术参考,采用不同浓度的赤霉素(GA)、奈乙酸(NAA)、吲哚乙酸(IAA)、2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸(2-4-D)处半夏种子的方法研究了GA、NAA、IAA、2-4-D对半夏种子的发芽率、发芽势、活力指数。研究结果表明:一定浓度的GA、NAA、IAA、2-4-D对半夏种子的发芽率、发芽势、活力指数均具有一定的促进作用,当NAA处理浓度为50ppm时,半夏种子的发芽率可提高20%;当NAA处理浓度为75%时,半夏种子的发芽势可提高20%;当IAA处理浓度为50ppm时,半夏种子活力指数可提高1.05。     

由三倍体西瓜下胚轴诱导植株再生的研究

将三倍体西瓜(Citrullus Vul(?)aris Schrad。)下胚轴切段接种在添加0.02mg/L2,4-D和0.6mg/L6BA的MS培养基上,可诱导出生长旺盛、结构致密的愈伤组织.将愈伤组织转移到含不同浓度的6BA、IAA、IBA和三十烷醇的分化培养基上,分化出了芽和根,进而长成了正常的植株.将不定芽接种在含0.2～0.4mg/L6BA和6mg/L维生素P_1的MS培养基上.可得到许多簇生芽和植物体.用蛭石代替琼脂的生根培养基对于根系的生长和试管苗的移植有良好的效果.经细胞学观察表明,由三倍体西瓜下胚轴诱导出再生植株的染色体倍性有所变化,即有一倍体(n=11)、二倍体(2n=22),三倍体(3n=33)和非整倍体等.     

Genomic and genic sequence variation in synthetic hexaploid wheat (AABBDD) as compared to their parental species

In order to understand the genomic changes during evolution of hexaploid wheat, two sets of synthetic hexaploid wheat from hybridization between maternal tetraploid wheat (AABB) and paternal diploid goat grass (DD) were used for DNA-AFLP and single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis to determine the genomic and genic variation in the synthetic hexaploid wheat. Results indicated that more DNA sequences from paternal diploid species were eliminated in the synthetic hexaploid wheat than from maternal tetraploid wheat, suggesting that genome from parental species of lower ploidity tends to be eliminated preferentially. However, sequence variation detected by SSCP procedure was much lower than those detected by DNA-AFLP, which indicated that much less variation in the genic regions occurred in the synthetic hexaploid wheat, and sequence variations detected by DNA-AFLP could be derived mostly from non-coding regions and repetitive sequences. Our results also indicated that sequence variation in 4 genes can be detected in hybrid F1, which suggested that this type of sequence variation could be resulted from distant hybridization. It was interesting to note that 3 out of the 4 genes were mapped and clustered on the long arm of chromosome 2D, which indicated that variation in genic sequences in synthetic hexaploid wheat might not be a randomized process.     

Genomic and genie sequence variation in synthetic hexaploid wheat(AABBDD)as compared to their parental species

In order to understand the genomic changes during the evolution of hexaploid wheat,two sets of synthetic hexaploid wheat from hybridization between maternal tetraploid wheat (AABB) and paternal diploid goat grass(DD)were used for DNA-AFLP and single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis to determine the genomic and genie variation in the synthetic hexaploid wheat.Results indicated that more DNA sequences from paternal diploid species wen eliminated in the synthetic hexaploid wheat than from maternal tetraploid wheat,suggesting that genome from parental species of lower ploidity tends to be eliminated preferentially.However,sequence variation detected by SSCP procedure was much lower than those detected by DNA-AFLP.which indicated that much less variation in the genie regions occurred in the synthetic hexaploid wheat.and sequence variations detected by DNA-AFLP could be derived mostly from non-coding regions and repetitive sequences.Our results also indicated that sequence variation in 4 genes can be detected in hybrid F1.which suggested that this type of sequence variation could be resulted from distant hybridization.It was interesting to note that 3 out of the 4 genes were mapped and clustered on the long alTll of chromosome 2D,which indicated that variation in genic sequences in synthetic hexaploid wheat might not be a randomized process.     

Genomic and genic sequence variation in synthetic hexaploid wheat （AABBDD） as compared to their parental species

In order to understand the genomic changes during the evolution of hexaploid wheat, two sets of synthetic hexaploid wheat from hybridization between maternal tetraploid wheat （AABB） and paternal diploid goat grass （DD） were used for DNA-AFLP and single strand conformation polymorphism （SSCP） analysis to determine the genomic and genic variation in the synthetic hexaploid wheat. Results indicated that more DNA sequences from paternal diploid species were eliminated in the synthetic hexaploid wheat than from maternal tetraploid wheat, suggesting that genome from parental species of lower ploidity tends to be eliminated preferentially. However, sequence variation detected by SSCP procedure was much lower than those detected by DNA-AFLP, which indicated that much less variation in the genic regions occurred in the synthetic hexaploid wheat, and sequence variations detected by DNA-AFLP could be derived mostly from non-coding regions and repetitive sequences. Our results also indicated that sequence variation in 4 genes can be detected in hybrid F1, which suggested that this type of sequence variation could be resulted from distant hybridization. It was interesting to note that 3 out of the 4 genes were mapped and clustered on the long arm of chromosome 2D, which indicated that variation in genic sequences in synthetic hexaploid wheat might not be a randomized process.