Microstructure and mechanical properties of Al/Cu/Mg laminated composite sheets produced by the ARB proces

In the present study, an Al/Cu/Mg multi-layered composite was produced by accumulative roll bonding (ARB) through seven passes, and its microstructure and mechanical properties were evaluated. The microstructure investigations show that plastic instability occurred in both the copper and magnesium reinforcements in the primary sandwich. In addition, a composite with a perfectly uniform distribution of copper and magnesium reinforcing layers was produced during the last pass. By increasing the number of ARB cycles, the microhardness of the layers including aluminum, copper, and magnesium was significantly increased. The ultimate tensile strength of the sandwich was enhanced continually and reached a maximum value of 355.5 MPa. This strength value was about 3.2, 2, and 2.1 times higher than the initial strength values for the aluminum, copper, and magnesium sheets, respectively. Investigation of tensile fracture surfaces during the ARB process indicated that the fracture mechanism changed to shear ductile at the seventh pass.     

Cu-(B4C)p metal matrix composites processed by accumulative roll-bonding

In this study, Cu/B4C metal matrix composites were prepared by accumulative roll-bonding (ARB). The microstructure of the processed samples was characterized by TEM, SEM and optical microscopy. The microhardness, uniaxial tensile and four-point probe tests were carried out to evaluate the mechanical properties and electrical resistivity of the ARBed monolithic and composite samples. The results showed that the reinforcement distribution was improved by increasing ARB cycles, which was quantitatively confirmed by some models. Based on TEM observations, the formation of an ultrafine grained structure in the composite matrix was also approved. It was shown that with increasing ARB cycles, the microhardness and tensile strength of the monolithic Cu samples were enhanced up to the 3rd cycle and then saturated, but the microhardness and tensile strength of the composites showed an increasing trend to the last cycle. Apart from a substantial improvement in the mechanical properties of the Cu/B4C composites, a minor decrement in electrical conductivity was detected after six ARB cycles.     

ARB工艺下Al/Zn多层复合材料界面变化的研究

累积复合轧制（Accumulative Roll-Bonding,ARB）工艺作为一种大塑性变形工艺,近期在制备金属基多层复合材料方面受到关注.通过ARB工艺制备Al/Zn多层复合材料,重点观察Al/Zn多层复合材料界面间的变化规律.在扫描电子显微镜（SEM）下,可以明显地观察到在Al/Zn界面处扩散层的存在,说明在ARB工艺状态下,不同层之间存在扩散作用,但是X射线衍射（XRD）结果无法分辨材料内部结构.通过透射电子显微镜（TEM）观察第3周期ARB态Al/Zn多层复合材料截面,可以看到,在Al/Zn多层复合材料层间,存在4种形貌的组织,参考Al-Zn合金的时效析出过程可知,在ARB工艺过程中,Al过固溶体存在连续脱溶和非连续脱溶两种路径,其脱溶路径的不同主要与扩散到Al基体中的Zn浓度有关.     

SiC_p/2024Al铝基复合材料表面颗粒暴露及真空钎焊分析

采用复合材料表面颗粒暴露及表面合金化工艺,利用M6和BAI88S i钎料对S iCp/2024A l铝基复合材料进行钎焊试验,并进行金相分析、拉伸试验和X射线衍射试验。结果表明:采用(NaOH+HNO3)工艺能将复合材料表面颗粒部分暴露出来;采用表面沉积Cu,使用M6钎料,能改善钎缝的结合状态;钎缝与铝基复合材料间无明显界限,结合良好,并形成了有S iC颗粒增强的复合钎缝,S iC颗粒在钎缝中无团聚现象;钎焊接头强度能达到202 MPa;在钎缝中无A l4C3脆性相生成。     

累积叠轧Al/Cu复合板界面反应层核-壳结构形成机制

采用累积叠轧(ARB)结合多次退火处理制备了Al/Cu复合板,重点研究了Al/Cu界面反应层核-壳结构形成机制. 结果表明:Al/Cu界面反应层的形成主要依赖于退火过程中铜原子在界面处的扩散,反应产物包括Al₂Cu、AlCu、Al₄Cu₉. 轧制变形致使反应层破碎并在基体中均匀分布,轧后退火处理导致新的反应层不断形成.最终经多次叠轧及退火处理,原始铜板材全部转变为椭球状具有核-壳结构的Al/Cu金属间化合物颗粒. 8道次复合板抗拉强度最高,达到176.8 MPa,是退火态1060抗拉强度的1.74倍;0道次复合板延伸率较好,主要是Al/Cu界面分层后铝层均匀塑性变形,应力缓慢释放所致.     

原位观察铜网格增强Al/Cu复合材料的断裂行为

将一种按正交法编织的铜网格作为增强体引入到铝基体中制备了Al/Cu复合材料,再借助原位拉伸扫描电镜(SEM),观察了铝铜复合材料的组织演变,研究了其断裂机理与力学性能之间的关系.结果表明:在相同轧制变形量下,25 ℃冷轧和400 ℃热轧均可破碎增强体铜网格,并使其均匀分布于基体铝板.复合板原位拉伸下的载荷-位移曲线均表现出明显的弹性阶段、塑性阶段和失效阶段,微裂纹在Cu颗粒周围和应力集中处萌生,主裂纹及其扩展主要是Cu颗粒周围界面分层开裂与微裂纹沿滑移线方向的扩展共同作用下形成的,并且最终沿滑移线的断裂路径与单轴拉伸方向呈45°.发生在Al层的塑性断裂和Al/Cu结合界面上的界面分层断裂是Al/Cu复合板两种主要的失效方式.     

往复镦挤对SiC_p/2024铝基复合材料组织性能的影响

采用室温拉伸测试、扫描电镜及透射电镜等手段研究了往复镦挤变形工艺对SiCp/2024铝基复合材料显微组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明,SiCp/2024铝基复合材料经过往复墩挤后,基体组织出现细化,SiC颗粒发生破碎,基体中SiC颗粒由团聚变得分布均匀;在交替剪切变形作用下,基体中的位错发生重组和湮灭,形成细小的亚晶;相对于挤压态,经过4道次变形后,复合材料抗拉强度由271 MPa提高到378 MPa,屈服强度由203MPa提高到260 MPa;经过往复镦挤变形后,拉伸断口以界面脱粘和颗粒断裂方式为主.     

石墨烯增强铝基SiC复合材料的动态失效机理与抗侵彻性能

研究石墨烯增强铝基复合材料的动态力学性能、失效机理以及抗侵彻性能.通过静、动态压缩测试掌握了材料在0.001~5 200.000 s-1应变率范围内的力学性能,揭示了该材料的应变率效应,结合光学显微镜（OM）和扫描电镜（SEM）分析了该材料在静、动态压缩下的断裂机理;通过弹道枪试验掌握了该材料与Q235钢面板层叠构成复合结构及12~18 mm厚Q235A钢板的弹道极限速度及极限比吸收能.试验结果表明,Q235A钢/石墨烯增强铝基复合结构的极限比吸收能是12~14 mm厚度范围Q235A钢板的1.79倍,34.10 mm厚石墨烯增强铝基SiC复合材料的极限比吸收能与16.70 mm厚Q235A钢相当.      

累积叠轧焊强化金属材料的力学性能

在多功能热轧机上对广泛应用的代表性金属材料Q235碳素钢和L2铝分别进行了累积叠轧焊实验,重点研究了变形温度、累积叠轧次数和压下量对金属材料强度、应力-应变曲线、显微硬度、塑性的影响规律,分析了规律形成的原因.结果表明:Q235碳素钢和L2铝在不加入任何强化元素的情况下完全可以达到良好的自身结合,材料的抗拉强度得到提高,金属材料的塑性分别有不同程度的下降.     

复合电刷镀装置和工艺研究

研究了电刷镀多层复合镀层工艺的装置与技术条件 ,对电刷镀镀笔进行必要的改进 ,探索了利用改进的电刷镀技术制备性能优良的多层Ni Cr2 O3 、Ni SiC等复合镀层在工艺上的可行性 同时 ,还研究了多层复合镀层的强度、组织及显微硬度等性能 结果表明 ,多层复合镀层具有良好的结合强度 ,细小的结晶晶粒和较高的显微硬度 本研究的成果可用于修复磨损的机械零件和对零部件进行表面强化 ,因而具有理论和实际意义     

铜/铝异步轧制复合带的界面反应与强化机制

采用同步和异步轧制复合工艺制备铜/铝复合带,研究退火过程中的界面反应和异步轧制工艺的强化机制.利用扫描电镜观察界面微观组织和拉伸断口形貌,通过线扫描和电子探针分析界面元素分布,采用XRD进行界面物相分析,通过剥离和拉伸实验研究复合带的力学性能.结果表明,经400℃保温1h后界面形成具有三个亚层的扩散层组织,各亚层内元素含量存在突变;铝剥离表面检测到大量铜元素,化合物相包括CuAl₂,Cu₉Al₄,CuAl和Cu₄Al,而铜剥离表面只检测到Cu₉Al₄和Cu₄Al;异步轧制工艺可以提高界面结合强度和复合带的拉伸性能,使界面层在拉伸断裂后破坏程度降低.     

Variation of the uniaxial tensile behavior of ultrafine-grained pure aluminum after cyclic pre-deformation

To explore the influence of cyclic pre-deformation on the mechanical behavior of ultrafine-grained (UFG) materials with a high stacking fault energy (SFE), UFG Al processed by equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) was selected as a target material and its tensile behavior at different pre-cyclic levels D (D=N_i/N_f, where N_i and N_f are the applied cycles and fatigue life at a constant stress amplitude of 50 MPa, respectively) along with the corresponding microstructures and deformation features were systematically studied. The cyclic pre-deformation treatment on the ECAPed UFG Al led to a decrease in flow stress, and a stress quasi-plateau stage was observed after yielding for all of the different-state UFG Al samples. The yield strength σ_YS, ultimate tensile strength σ_UTS, and uniform strain ε exhibited a strong dependence on D when D ≤ 20%; however, when D was in the range from 20% to 50%, no obvious change in mechanical properties was observed. The micro-mechanism for the effect of cyclic pre-deformation on the tensile properties of the ECAPed UFG Al was revealed and compared with that of ECAPed UFG Cu through the observations of deformation features and microstructures.     

SiC晶须补强ZTA（Y）陶瓷基复合材料的研究

本文将高强、高模量的ＳｉＣ晶须引入以Ｙ２Ｏ３稳定的ＺｒＯ２（ｔ）相变增韧Ａｌ２Ｏ３基陶瓷材料［即ＺＴＡ（Ｙ）］中．研究了不同晶须含量对复合材料的抗弯强度和断裂韧性的影响．实验结果表明，ＳｉＣ晶须能明显提高ＺＴＡ（Ｙ）陶瓷基复合材料的强度和韧性，体积含量为２０％的ＳｉＣ晶须的复合材料性能可达：σｂｂ＝８３０ＭＰａ，Ｋｉｃ＝９．８ＭＰａｍ１／２．通过与ＳｉＣｗ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３复合材料系统的比较分析，认为ＳｉＣｗ／ＺＴＡ（Ｙ）复合材料中，由于热膨胀系数差异所产生的基体中的张应力可由诱导ＺｒＯ２（ｔ）的马氏体相变来缓解，其中存在着相变增韧和晶顺补强的双重强韧化机制     

超声波搅拌时间对原位自生Mg2Si/Al基复合材料凝固组织和力学性能的影响

为了研究铝基复合材料的凝固组织和力学性能,采用超声波搅拌的方法制备了原位自生Mg₂Si/Al基复合材料.利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、金相显微镜(OM)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析其微观形貌,并通过硬度检测和拉伸试验测试其力学性能.结果表明:超声波搅拌不但能够细化初生Mg₂Si颗粒,改变凝固组织形貌,而且具有除气除杂功能,二者共同提高了Mg₂Si/Al基复合材料的力学性能;经过超声波搅拌的Mg₂Si/Al基复合材料与未经过超声波搅拌的Mg₂Si/Al基复合材料相比,抗拉强度与伸长率总体呈上升趋势,其断口形貌均为准解理面.在超声时间为40 s时,抗拉强度和伸长率达到最大值,分别为201 MPa和5.63%,相比未超声处理的Mg₂Si/Al基复合材料的抗拉强度和伸长率,分别增长了139.29%和178.71%;复合材料的硬度先升高后降低,超声作用时间为30 s时硬度最佳,为116.96(HB).     

原位合成CNTs/Cu-Al2O3复合材料的性能研究

对Al的质量分数分别为0.20%,0.35%,0.60%的Cu-Al合金粉末进行内氧化,得到Cu-Al₂O₃粉末。采用化学气相沉积法在Cu-Al₂O₃粉末表面原位生长碳纳米管(carbon nano tubes, CNTs),采用放电等离子烧结工艺成功制备了CNTs/Cu-Al₂O₃复合材料。采用扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜观察了CNTs/Cu-Al₂O₃复合粉末、复合材料断口的形貌。采用显微硬度计、微拉伸试验机、摩擦磨损试验机分别对纯Cu及复合材料的维氏硬度、抗拉强度、摩擦因数进行测试。采用电化学工作站测试复合材料在3.5%NaCl (质量分数)水溶液中的耐腐蚀性能。结果表明,随着Al的质量分数的增加,粉末表面合成的CNTs的数量也增多。Al的质量分数为0.35%时,CNTs/Cu-Al₂O₃复合材料的综合性能最佳,与纯Cu相比,复合材料的抗拉强度和腐蚀电势分别提高了86.4%和43.2%,分别为315 MPa和-0.268 V,摩擦因数降低了53.3%,仅为0.28。     

纳米SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料的拉伸性能

用粉末冶金法制备了纳米SiC颗粒增强纯Al基复合材料(AlMMCs),对该材料的微观结构和拉伸性能进行了研究·结果表明,纳米SiC颗粒在含量很少时即对Al有明显的强化作用,此时,纳米颗粒在基体中的分散比较均匀;当含量较高时则纳米颗粒易于团聚,团聚会使SiC颗粒对Al的强化作用降低·纳米SiC颗粒含量发生变化,SiCp/AlMMCs的断裂机制也有所改变·     

碳－铝复合材料单元体的声发射特性

为更有效地利用声发射（ＡＥ）信息来研究碳－铝复合材料的破断机制，本文对比了组成该复合材料的３种基本单元体—铝基体、碳纤维（束）和先驱丝在拉伸过程中的ＡＥ行为，并统计分析其ＡＥ特性．鉴于与前两者相比，复合丝的破断方式更为复杂，因而着重分析了其ＡＥ特性与碳－铝界面、破断模式以及抗拉强度之间的联系．     

Characteristic investigation of trilayered Cu/Al8011/Al1060 composite: Interface morphology,microstructure, and in-situ tensile deformation

In this work, Cu/Al8011/Al1060 trilayered composite with an ultrathin copper layer was fabricated successfully by the hybrid process of cast-rolling and hot-roll-bonding. The effects of heat treatment were investigated on the microstructure and mechanical behavior of the composite. The results showed that annealing temperatures above 300 ​°C led to the formation of new intermetallic compounds that joined their initial counterparts. Also, the interface growth was fast above 340 ​°C. It was found that the annealing temperature of 320 ​°C led to the optimal tensile properties of the composite. Through rolling, hard-brittle IMCs imposed intense plastic strains on the surrounding regions, resulting in further grain refinement of both metals in the vicinity of the interface. Although the kernel average misorientation of the trilayered composite was almost identical with the Cu/Al8011 bimetal, its amount was considerably decreased after heat treatment, as the distorted structure changed into a nearly strain-free one using the restoration phenomenon. The SEM-based in-situ tensile test showed that crack initiation occurred within the IMCs and propagated into the Cu strip, leading to its early fracture. However, the strength-displacement curve during in-situ tensile deformation did not decrease significantly due to the ultrathin copper layer.     

复合电铸制备Cu/SiCp复合材料的工艺

采用复合电铸工艺制备碳化硅颗粒 (Si Cp)增强铜基复合材料 ,重点研究了添加剂、颗粒粒径、电流密度、施镀温度、搅拌强度等工艺参数对 Cu/ Si Cp 复合材料中 Si Cp 含量的影响 .结果表明 ,优化各工艺参数可有效促进 Si Cp 与铜离子的共沉积 ,提高复合材料中增强固体颗粒的含量 .在此基础上研究开发了一种可有效促进 Si C颗粒与铜共沉积的混合添加剂 ,可获得 Si Cp 含量较高的Cu/ Si Cp复合材料 .     

Al_2O_3／nano－SiC复相陶瓷力学性能及显微结构

研究了热压烧结Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ｎａｎｏ－ＳｉＣ复相陶瓷的力学性能及显微结构。研究表明,纳米ＳｉＣ的引入显著地改善了材料的力学性能,在ＳｉＣ添加体积分数为１０％时,Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ｎａｎｏ－ＳｉＣ复相陶瓷抗弯强度σｆ达峰值为８６９ＭＰａ,断裂韧性ＫＩｃ也达峰值为６．７ＭＰａ·ｍ０．５,比纯Ａｌ２Ｏ３基体材料分别提高１３８％和８１％。ＴＥＭ观察表明：纳米ＳｉＣ晶粒主要存在于Ａｌ２Ｏ３基体晶粒内部,形成独特的“晶内型”结构。当受外力作用时,既能因弥散的纳米颗粒诱发穿晶断裂,且穿晶断裂时,还能因晶内存在第二相颗粒而引起裂纹偏转,起到增强增韧作用。