滇西宝兴厂铜、钼多金属矿床流体包裹体地球化学特征

通过对宝兴厂无矿化斑状花岗岩石英斑晶和煌斑岩石英脉、矿化阶段辉钼矿石英脉、黄铜矿-辉钼矿石英脉、黄铁矿-辉钼矿石英脉、黄铜矿-黄铁矿石英脉以及黄铁矿石英脉中流体包裹体岩相学、包裹体显微测温分析及包裹体成分的激光拉曼光谱分析.结果显示石英斑晶和石英脉原生包裹体中发育富气相包裹体和富液相包裹体2种类型.流体包裹体以中高温(a.v.250.7℃~450℃),中盐度(a.v.6.65%~10.78%NaCl.eqv)为特征,但是无矿化的石英流体包裹体温度和盐度较矿化阶段石英流体包裹体要高.矿化阶段的成矿流体捕获压力(3.90~13.4 MPa)及成矿深度(0.53~1.30 km)均显示该矿床形成于浅成的环境,与斑岩成矿系统一致.激光拉曼光谱分析表明,石英中流体包裹体的气相组分以水蒸汽为主,伴有少量的CO_2,液相成分中主要富含Na~+和Cl~-成矿流体,总体上属于NaCl-H_2O体系.综上所述,宝兴厂斑岩型铜钼多金属矿床流体包裹体特征与多阶段侵入体相关,暗示其成岩主要与金沙江—哀牢山一带岩浆作用有关,流体包裹体均一温度、盐度和流体成分的测试数据,代表着早期岩浆流体出溶与晚期对流循环的大气降水混合的热液事件.     

粤北内洞钨钼多金属矿床流体包裹体地球化学特征

含矿石英脉中的石英发育气液两相原生流体包裹体,成矿流体属低盐度盐水溶液,成矿期石英流体包裹体的均一温度指示:该区钨钼多金属成矿作用主要发生在高中温阶段。并估算得出流体包裹体所代表的主要成矿压力范围为36.35~102.58 MPa,成矿的相应深度范围为2.69~8.37Km,属于典型的中浅成成矿环境。成矿流体为Na2SO4-NaCl-H2O体系。     

新疆白干湖钨锡矿流体包裹体特征及成因

白干湖钨锡矿床位于新疆祁漫塔格加里东褶皱带的转折部位,是东昆仑西段1个较好的钨锡(金)矿区,对白干湖矿区主成矿阶段形成的含黑钨矿石英脉中发育的包裹体进行岩相学及测温研究.研究结果表明:矿区主要发育3类包裹体:气液两相水溶液包裹体(I)、水溶液-CO2三相包裹体(Ⅱ)以及纯CO2两相包裹体(Ⅲ);Ⅰ型包裹体液相组分主要为NaCl水溶液,含少量KCl,其均一温度变化范围为160-310℃,盐度为1.82％～16.43％;Ⅱ型水溶液-CO2三相包裹体气相组分含有CO2及CH4等组分,均一温度为247～320℃,w(NaCl)为2.8％～9.4％;Ⅲ型CO2两相包裹体含量较少,均一温度为19.8～27.7℃;白干湖钨锡矿床成矿流体为中低盐度、中高温的NaCl-H2O-CO2体系.在成矿过程中,由于温度及压力降低,流体发生相分离成为较高盐度的水溶液流体和较低盐度的富CO2流体,钨锡成矿物质趋向于富集在中高盐度水溶液相中,并导致白干湖钨锡矿的成矿作用.     

德兴斑岩铜矿成矿流体演化与来源的流体包裹体研究

主要研究了德兴斑岩铜矿床不同期次脉石英及花岗闪长斑岩石英斑晶中流体包覆体的特征，测定了流体包裹体的均一温度和冰点，估算了成矿流体的盐度、密度等参数．结合花岗闪长斑岩与石英脉中石英氢氧同位素数据的讨论分析，对流体的演化过程和来源进行了探讨．研究表明花岗闪长斑岩石英斑晶中的包裹体代表了岩浆流体的特征，石英脉中的包裹体记录了岩浆流体演化成成矿流体的特征。研究证实成矿流体主要由岩浆流体而来，成矿流体演化晚期有大气降水的加入。     

广西大福楼锡多金属矿床成矿流体特征

通过流体包裹体岩相学和显微测温学等分析,研究大福楼矿床成矿流体的性质及其演化。研究结果表明:大福楼锡矿共发育6种类型的流体包裹体,即Ⅰ型(单相气相包裹体)、Ⅱ型(单相盐水溶液包裹体)、Ⅲ型(两相富蒸汽包裹体)、Ⅳ型(两相富液体包裹体)、Ⅴ型(含CO2相包裹体)以及Ⅵ型(含NaCl子矿物包裹体)。流体包裹体的均一温度为120~430℃,主要的成矿温度为120~145℃和380~430℃。流体包裹体盐度变化不大,介于17.00%~22.00%之间,属于高盐度流体,具有岩浆热液的标志;流体密度为0.158~1.105 g/cm3,压力为12.0~65.0MPa,属于中高压力的成矿流体。大福楼锡多金属矿床的成矿流体与大厂矿田其他矿床具有很好的一致性,表明其可能相似的来源与演化。     

赣南茅坪钨矿黑钨矿及共生石英中流体包裹体组合(FIA)研究

茅坪钨矿是赣南崇义-大余-上犹矿集区资源储量最大的矿床,主要由石英脉型矿体组成,为典型的石英脉型钨矿床.采用当前国际流行的"流体包裹体组合"(FIA)方法,对黑钨矿及共生石英中包裹体进行了显微测温和激光拉曼探针分析.结果表明,黑钨矿中原生包裹体均一温度普遍比共生石英高,指示了黑钨矿沉淀早于大部分共生石英,这一结论与岩相学结果一致.石英中包裹体记录了流体的早期不混溶和晚期混合,而黑钨矿中包裹体只记录了流体的简单冷却作用.流体的简单冷却是导致黑钨矿沉淀的主要机制.黑钨矿中除原生包裹体外,还发育少量次生包裹体,但黑钨矿中次生包裹体比共生石英中少.黑钨矿中次生包裹体均一温度、盐度与石英中原生包裹体均一温度、盐度相似,表明黑钨矿中次生包裹体形成于共生石英形成期间,记录了黑钨矿沉淀后的残余流体特征.     

川西丹巴燕子沟金矿床流体包裹体特征及矿床成因

燕子沟金矿床位于四川省丹巴县,大地构造位置位于扬子准地台西缘,松潘-甘孜造山带东缘.泥盆系危关组炭质千枚岩、板岩是主要的赋矿围岩.成矿过程分为沉积成矿期、热液期和风化期,其中热液期是金的主要成矿期.流体成矿过程包括3个阶段:石英-金硫化物阶段、硫盐-金(银)石英阶段和铅锌硫化物-金-碳酸盐阶段.流体包裹体以VCO2、LCO2和LH2O三相与两相包裹体为主,主要是H2O-CO2三相水溶液包裹体,另有纯液相和含CO2单相包裹体存在.金的成矿作用主要发生在中温(285～295 ℃)、浅成(0.11～0.92 km)、低盐度(w(NaCl) =2.22％～9.21％)、低密度(0.75～0.85 g/cm3)的物理化学条件下,岩浆岩体与矿化关系密切,既为成矿提供热源,也提供了一定的物质来源,并与大气降水共同作用,从而形成了沉积-热液改造型浅成中温金矿床.     

江西龙头岗铜锌矿床成矿流体研究

江西龙头岗铜锌矿床成矿过程可分为:干矽卡岩、湿矽卡岩、硫化物-石英和石英-碳酸盐阶段,铜锌矿化主要发生在硫化物-石英阶段.对不同成矿阶段的钙铁辉石和石英所进行的流体包裹体研究表明,干矽卡岩和石英-碳酸盐阶段主要发育富液相两相包裹体(Ⅰ类),硫化物-石英阶段除Ⅰ类包裹体外,还发育有富气相两相(Ⅱ类)和含子晶三相包裹体(Ⅲ类).干矽卡岩阶段Ⅰ类包裹体均一温度为345℃~418℃,盐度为3.2wt.%~8.7wt.%NaCl equiv.;在硫化物-石英阶段,流体曾发生沸腾,由Ⅱ类包裹体和Ⅲ类包裹体构成的沸腾包裹体组合均一温度分别为295℃~391℃与267℃~360℃,盐度分别为0.7wt.%~3.4wt.%NaCl equiv.和31.6wt.%~38.9wt.%NaCl equiv.;石英-碳酸盐阶段Ⅰ类包裹体均一温度为234℃~274℃,盐度为0.2wt.%~2.2wt.%NaCl equiv..激光拉曼光谱分析表明:三类包裹体的气相组成均以H_2O为主,其次还含有少量的CO_2和CO.认为构造减压可能是导致流体沸腾的重要原因,成矿物质沉淀也与流体沸腾关系密切.     

西藏甲玛铜多金属矿床岩浆-热液过渡阶段的矿物学证据

从矿物学的角度寻找甲玛铜多金属矿床斑岩体岩浆热液出溶的证据,建立起岩浆-热液过渡的详细过程。通过电镜扫面阴极发光对矿物的显微结构进行细致观察,并结合矿物化学特征,得到岩浆-热液过渡阶段的信息:(1)石英斑晶具有强烈的溶蚀结构,蠕虫状石英斑晶中溶蚀湾切断石英第一阶段的生长环带;(2)显微空腔将豆荚状或糖状结构石英与破布状黑云母(较少磷灰石、磁铁矿)、长石等相连接;(3)斑岩中伴生萤石,黑云母和角闪石中的F含量高;(4)斑岩体中流体包裹体与富挥发分熔融包裹体共存。岩浆挥发分作为主要的流体相被挤出岩浆并以气泡的形式聚集在岩浆房外壳顶部,并使已固结的矿物发生自交代。随着易挥发组分的增多,使气体压力大于束缚压力,导致岩浆外壳和邻近围岩突然破裂。岩浆流体沿着围岩裂隙流出并以热液的形式交代围岩。同时,由于减压造成岩浆热液的二次沸腾,使成矿元素沉淀。     

贵州省天柱县地豆冲金矿流体包裹体特征研究

通过对流体包裹体镜下观察、温度和成分测定,获取贵州省天柱县地豆冲金矿石英包裹体以原生液体包裹体为主,大小3-16μm,气液比集中于5%-15%;流体包裹体的均一温度在142.3-307.1℃;流体盐度为2.74-10.11 wt%NaCl,密度为0.81-0.93 g/cm3,气相成分以H2O为主,含少量CO2、N2、CH4;成矿压力为265.25-451.67 bar,成矿深度为1001.43-1705.25 m.该矿床属成矿压力低的浅成中低温热液矿床,其成矿流体具低盐度、低密度的特征。     

Dual origins of Xiaoqinling gold-bearing quartz veins: Fluid inclusion evidence

Fluid inclusion research in Archean metamorphic rocks, Yanshanian granite and gold-bearing quartz veins shows that regional metamorphic fluids are high temperature and high saline, Yanshanian post-granitic fluids are CO₂-bearing low saline, and ore-forming fluids are also CO₂-rich low saline. In gold-barren/free parts of quartz veins in gold deposits, daughter mineral-bearing high saline inclusions retated with metamorphic fluids remained. This proclaims quartz veins hosting gold ores might have been formed in early metamorphism, and overlapped or mineralized by late Yanshanian gold-bearing fluids.     

Analysis of rare-earth elements in fluid inclusions by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS)

Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is used to determine rare-earth elements abundances in fluid inclusions. Quartz separates from the Lannigou and Yata Carlin-type gold deposits, southwestern China, were prepared by the decrepitation-leach method. Leachates were analyzed by ICP-MS, using conventional sample introduction. The results demonstrate that the decrepitation-leach method, in combination with ICP-MS analysis of leachates, is effective for REE determination. The chondrite-normalized REE patterns of inclusion fluids for the Lannigou and Yata samples associated with gold mineralization are characterized by light rare-earth elements (LREE) enrichment, with a weak negative Ce anomaly and a positive or negative Eu anomaly, whereas the pattern for the Lannigou sample associated with late gold mineralization (quartz-calcite stage) is characterized by LREE enrichment relative to HREE, with negative Ce and Eu anomalies.     

Formate and acetate records in the Muztagata ice core, Northwest Tibetan Plateau

Formic and acetic acids (HCOOH, CH3COOH), originating mainly from biosphere (release by plants, combustion of biomass, motor exhaust and oxidation of organism, etc.), are two simple organic chemical com- pounds in troposphere. Though the concentration of these two organic acids is low in atmosphere, they are the main [1] sources of free acidity in precipitation of remote regions , and contribute minor chemical constituents to the balance between anions and cations, especially to some atm…     

西藏甲玛铜多金属矿含矿斑岩石英斑晶单个熔融包裹体的成分研究

研究甲玛铜多金属矿床岩浆结晶演化特点、岩浆热液过渡与矿化的关系。利用Linkam TS1500热台对甲玛矿床含矿斑岩石英斑晶中的熔融包裹体进行鉴定、均一温度测定,采用电子探针与同步辐射X射线荧光微探针对石英斑晶中的熔融包裹体进行常量元素及微量元素的测定,结果表明,含矿斑岩体形成温度为630~880℃。Na、Ca等元素易富集于岩浆挥发组分中,挥发组分饱和出溶形成高温、高盐度流体,成矿元素从最早的岩浆结晶分异阶段开始,强烈地选择性进入挥发性气相中进行迁移,出溶的挥发组分中具有成矿元素的初步富集。矿床在成因上与斑岩-夕卡岩成矿系统中的岩浆-热液成矿作用密切相关。     

西藏蒙亚啊铅锌矿床成矿流体来源及特征

探讨西藏蒙亚啊铅锌矿床成矿流体来源及其特征,结合区域典型矿床研究厘定矿床成因类型。通过矿床近矿体蚀变灰岩和热液成因方解石碳-氧同位素及成矿不同期次石英氢-氧同位素分析手段,结合流体包裹体岩相学、温度和盐度测试研究,分析了矿床成矿流体的特征及成矿流体来源。结果表明,成矿早期流体以岩浆水为主,成矿晚期有大量天水混入;主成矿期成矿流体总体具有中高温和中低盐度特征,成矿从早期到晚期流体降温趋势明显。矿床形成与岩浆作用关系密切,矿床类型属于远接触端夕卡岩型铅锌矿床。     

Barite in omphacite-hosted K-feldspar ＋ quartz polycrystalline aggregates from the Sulu eclogites and its implications

K-feldspar quartz polycrystalline aggregates were found as sub-millimeter-size inclusions with a pseudomorph after coesite (?) in omphacites from a number of Sulu eclogites. In these aggregates, round or subhedral barites occur as tiny inclusions in either K-feldspar or quartz. Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analyses show that these barites have (1) 33.86%―41.12% SO3, 0%―34.65% SrO, and 24.12%―63.55% BaO, (2) seemingly negative linear correlations between SrO and BaO, indicating that they are ideal solid solutions of barite (BaSO4) and celestite (SrSO4), and (3) highly variable Sr/Ba molar ratios ranging from 0 to 2.1. Presence of barites in the Sulu eclogites not only indicates oxidation of the subducting continental crust, but also very limited and restricted fluids pre- sented during exhumation of the Sulu UHP eclogites.     

Science Letters： Discovery of ultrahigh-T spinel-garnet granulite with pure CO2 fluid inclusions from the Altay orogenic belt, NW China

We first report discovery of the spinel-garnet-orthopyroxene granulite with pure CO2 fluid inclusions from the Fuyun region of the late Paleozoic Altay orogenic belt in Central Asia, NW China. The rock is characterized by an assemblage of garnet, orthopyroxene, spinel, cordierite, biotite, plagioclase and quartz. Symplectites of orthopyroxene and spinel, and orthopyroxene and cordierite indicate decompression under UHT conditions. Mineral chemistry shows that the orthopyroxenes have high XMg and Al2O3 contents (up to 9.23 wt%). Biotites are enriched in TiO2 and XMg and are stable under granulite facies conditions. The garnet and quartz from the rock carry monophase fluid inclusions which show peak melting temperatures of around -56.7℃, indicating a pure CO2 species being presented during the ultrahigh-T metamorphism in the Altay orogenic belt. The inclusions homogenize into a liquid phase at temperatures around 15.3-23.8℃ translating into CO2 densities of the order of 0.86-0.88g/cm^3. Based on preliminary mineral paragenesis, reaction textures and petrogenetic grid considerations, we infer that the rock was subjected to UHT conditions. The CO2-rich fluids were trapped during exhumation along a clockwise P-T path following isothermal decompression under UHT conditions.     

旺苍地区灯影组层状硅质岩类孔洞充填特征

为揭示旺苍地区灯影组层状硅质岩类溶蚀孔洞中矿物充填序列及流体作用过程,综合应用岩石学及地球化学分析测试方法进行研究。结果表明,硅质岩类溶蚀孔洞中具白云石、方解石、微晶石英—纤维状玉髓、细—中晶石英及粗—巨晶石英5个世代典型矿物充填并历经6期流体作用影响。在早期硅质岩形成基础上,第I期深盆富镁热液溶蚀—充填叠加改造形成鞍状白云石;第II期含硅热液交代白云石形成亮晶方解石;在第III期沥青形成后,第IV期为封闭体系下高浓度低温硅质热液快速沉淀出微晶石英—纤维状玉髓;第V期为石炭—二叠纪硅质流体作用下沉淀出细晶—中晶石英;第VI期为三叠纪弱饱和二氧化硅水溶液近平衡条件下沿缝洞缓慢结晶沉淀出粗晶—巨晶石英。经深盆富镁热液叠加硅质热液对层状硅质岩类复合改造,部分微孔及裂缝发育的硅质岩类可成为潜在储层。     

储层石英生长影响因素的实验证据

设计不同盐度、不同油水比及不同油品的人工合成石英烃类包裹体的实验,考察不同成岩条件下油气充注对石英生长的影响,对合成烃类包裹体的岩相学特征、均一温度、荧光测试结果进行分析,讨论油水比、油品性质、盐度等因素对石英生长的影响.结果表明:含油气条件下石英晶体能够继续生长从而捕获烃类包裹体,但是也受到了一定抑制,抑制作用随着含油饱和度增高而增强;油气可能会完全终止矿物的生长,但边界条件还有待于进一步确定;较高的盐度促进了石英包裹体的形成,轻质油对石英晶体生长的抑制作用要相对大于重质油的抑制作用.