新型钴基高温合金γ和γ′相行为的热力学分析

采用热力学分析方法,对新型钴基高温合金Co-Ni-Al-W-Cr多元系中γ′相的析出规律进行了研究,分析了合金元素Ni,Al,W在γ和γ′相间的分配行为,阐述了Ni在γ和γ′相间的分配系数对合金强化效果的影响规律.结果表明:合金元素Ni明显提高γ′相热力学稳定性,随Ni含量的增加,γ′相的成分范围扩大,定存在温度提高,说明Ni有利于提高Co-Al-W基高温合金的高温性能;计算分析了合金元素在γ和γ′相间分配行为及其对合金强化的影响规律.探明Co-Ni-Al-W-Cr合金中x(Al)/x(W)对合金元素Ni的分配系数KγN′i/γ影响较大,当Al,W原子分数比值为2.60时,KγN′i/γ达到最...     

Al-Li合金中δ′(Al_3Li)颗粒尺寸对位错运动的影响

测定了 Al- Li合金不同条件下δ′(Al3Li)相的颗粒半径和体积分数 ,研究了δ′颗粒尺寸及体积分数对位错运动方式的作用。结果表明 ,如果δ′颗粒的平均尺寸小于临界尺寸 ,δ′颗粒被位错切割 ,反之 ,则形成奥罗万 (Orowan)位错环 ;当相同柏氏矢量的成对位错切割δ′颗粒时 ,会消除先行位错形成的反相畴界 ,当不同柏氏矢量的成对位错切割δ′颗粒时 ,需要增大外力 ,这使得合金的强度得到进一步提高     

Al含量对AJC镁合金显微组织和力学性能的影响

以Mg-4Al-2Sr-1Ca合金为基体,在提高合金中Al含量的基础上,配制了不同成分的几种Mg-(4-7)Al-2Sr-1Ca合金.研究了Al含量对Mg-Al-Sr-Ca合金显微组织和力学性能的影响.研究发现,Mg-4Al-2Sr-1Ca合金的主要组成相为α-Mg,沿枝晶界分布的Mg2Ca α-Mg共晶相、Mg-Al-Sr三元相及晶内Al2Ca颗粒相.当Al元素质量分数增大到5%～6%时,合金中出现了(Mg,Al)2Ca相;进一步增大Al元素质量分数至7%,另一种新相Al4Sr相也被观察到.随着Al含量的增大,合金的强度和塑性在室温和高温下都有所上升.在175℃/70MPa和200℃/70MPa下,Mg-5Al-2Sr-1Ca和Mg-6Al-2Sr-1Ca合金表现出了比其他合金更好的高温抗蠕变性能.     

Co-Al-W三元合金热处理组织

研究不同Al和W含量对四种Co-Al-W三元合金的初熔温度、热处理组织和硬度的影响. 结果表明:四种Co-Al-W三元合金的固、液相点温度均超过镍基单晶高温合金液相点温度;在1300℃/8h固溶处理后,三种合金均仅得到γ(fcc)单相组织,而高W合金在晶界和晶内均有μ相Co7W6析出;在800℃/100h和900℃/50h时效处理后,四种合金在基体γ相中均析出L12型γ′相Co3(Al,W),其γ+γ′两相组织形貌与镍基高温合金相似;高W(12%)和高Al(12%)合金分别促进了μ相Co7W6和富Al相析出. 综合以上结果并结合时效合金的硬度结果,初步确定了含γ+γ′两相组织的合金成分范围.     

高性能碱土耐热镁合金的显微组织和蠕变性能

利用光学显微镜(OM),扫描电镜(SEM)及透射电镜(TEM)系统研究了碱土元素Sr和Ca加入Mg-4Al基合金后的显微组织,并测试了其抗蠕变性能. 实验合金的铸态组织均由α-Mg和沿枝晶界分布的第二相组成. 2% Sr加入基体合金中能观察到沿晶界的离异共晶和层片共晶Al4Sr相及块状三元τ相. 2% Ca的加入则形成了晶界层片Mg2Ca共晶和晶内的Al2Ca颗粒. 而在Mg-4Al-2Sr-1Ca中,晶界相为块状τ相和层片状Mg2Ca共晶,晶内也析出Al2Ca颗粒. 在Mg-4Al-2Sr-1Ca基础上提高Al含量,粗大不规则共晶(Mg,Al)2Ca相在晶界处形成并不断增多,Mg2Ca及τ相逐渐减少,当Al含量到7%时,出现了新的细小层片状Al4Sr相. Sr、Ca元素加入Mg-Al合金,改善了合金的抗蠕变性能,其中Mg-5Al-2Sr-1Ca和Mg-6Al-2Sr-1Ca合金显示所有实验合金中最好的蠕变抗力. 根据Power-law公式,在175 ℃/50～80 Mpa和70 Mpa/150～200 ℃蠕变下,Mg-4Al-2Sr合金在较低应力(＜60 Mpa)下蠕变表现为扩散控制的位错攀移机制,而在高应力下出现Power-law公式的失效;Mg-4Al-2Sr-1Ca合金蠕变则受到了扩散控制的位错机制和晶界滑移机制的共同作用.     

原子特征参数δi′和连接性指数mL及其应用

原子特征参数 (δ′i)被定义为 :δ′i =Zi·Xpi2 · (ni- 1) - 1.由δ′i 建构无机分子的连接性指数 ( mL) ,其中 :0 L =Σ(δi′) 0 .5,1L =Σ(δi′·δj′) 0 .5.( 0 L) 2 与 33种过渡元素卤化物的ΔfH 的 R 为 0 .9692 ,( 1L) 0 .5与 2 0种碱金属卤化物的ln( 1/ U)的R 为 0 .994 8,均优于文献方法     

原子特征参数δ_i~′和连接性指数~mL及其应用

原子特征参数 (δ′i)被定义为 :δ′i =Zi·Xpi2 · (ni- 1) - 1.由δ′i 建构无机分子的连接性指数 ( mL) ,其中 :0 L =Σ(δi′) 0 .5,1L =Σ(δi′·δj′) 0 .5.( 0 L) 2 与 33种过渡元素卤化物的ΔfH 的 R 为 0 .9692 ,( 1L) 0 .5与 2 0种碱金属卤化物的ln( 1/ U)的R 为 0 .994 8,均优于文献方法     

时效处理对新型超高强Al-Cu-Li-X合金薄板的力学性能和微观组织的影响

通过力学性能测试和透射电镜(TEM)观察研究热处理制度对新型超高强Al-Cu-Li-X合金2 mm厚薄板的力学性能和微观组织的影响。研究结果表明:T8态较T6态时效的合金具有更高的强度和更好的塑性;超高强铝锂合金的时效析出相包括大量T1相(Al2Cu Li)、较多的θ′相(Al2Cu)、一定的δ′相(Al3Li)以及极少量S′相(Al2Cu Mg);T8态时效时引入预变形抑制δ′相和S′相形成,同时促进T1相和θ′相形核析出,但对θ′相的作用效果小于对T1相的作用效果;当预变形量为6%~8%时,合金能获得较高的强度与伸长率,8%预变形后峰时效时拉伸强度达616 MPa,伸长率达12%。     

Thermodynamic Analysis of γ and γ＇ Phases in New-Type Co- Based Superalloy

采用热力学分析方法,对新型钴基高温合金Co-Ni-Al-W-Cr多元系中γ′相的析出规律进行了研究,分析了合金元素Ni,Al,W在γ和γ′相间的分配行为,阐述了Ni在γ和γ′相间的分配系数对合金强化效果的影响规律.结果表明：合金元素Ni明显提高γ′相热力学稳定性,随Ni含量的增加,γ′相的成分范围扩大,定存在温度提高,说明Ni有利于提高Co-Al-W基高温合金的高温性能;计算分析了合金元素在γ和γ′相间分配行为及其对合金强化的影响规律.探明Co-Ni-Al-W-Cr合金中x（Al）/x（W）对合金元素Ni的分配系数KγN′i/γ影响较大,当Al,W原子分数比值为2.60时,KγN′i/γ达到最大.所获结果为研发新型钴基高温合金提供了数据支持.     

磁场对过共晶Al-Fe合金中Al3Fe相形态和分布的影响

研究了交流磁场(0.3 T)和直流强磁场(12 T)作用下Al-2.89%Fe合金中初生Al3Fe相的形态与分布的变化.结果表明,Al-2.89%Fe合金在无磁场和交流磁场下凝固时,大部分初生Al3Fe相沉积在试样下部.在交流磁场下凝固时,Al3Fe相变得细碎且向试样中心聚集,呈近金字塔状分布.在强磁场下凝固时,Al3Fe相所受磁力作用和重力作用相平衡,因而在整个试样中均匀分布,且沿着易磁化方向[121]发生定向排列.对磁场的作用机理进行了初步分析.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.