花魔芋愈伤组织诱导研究

对花魔芋愈伤组织诱导过程中的多个影响因子进行了研究。试验表明 :以顶芽、侧芽、顶芽鳞片作外植体 ,顶芽鳞片在 10 %NaClO溶液中灭菌 2 5min ,顶芽、侧芽在 0 .1%HgCl2 溶液中灭菌2 0min ,外植体在 10 %柠檬酸溶液或 0 .5 %VC 溶液中切割 ,接种于 1/ 2MS BA 1mg·l-1 NAA0 .1mg·l-1 4 %蔗糖 0 .7%琼脂 (pH5 .8)培养基中 ,暗培养 (T :18- 2 0℃ ) ,花魔芋愈伤组织诱导率较高 ,均可达 45 %以上。     

观赏凤梨组织培养不同外植体的比较试验

选用观赏凤梨不同品种的老叶鞘、嫩叶鞘、顶芽、侧芽、茎段、叶片等不同组织作外植体 ,接种在诱导培养基为改良 MS+ 2 .0 mg· L- 1的 BA+ 5 .0 mg· L- 1的 2 ,4- D+ 0 .2 mg· L- 1的 IBA,及分化培养基为改良 MS+ 4 .0 mg· L- 1的 BA+ 0 .2 mg·L- 1的 IBA,培养 60 d进行统计 ,老叶鞘的愈伤组织三个品种平均诱导率为 74.6% ,丛生芽的诱导率平均数达 1 7.1 % ,次之是侧芽、顶芽 ,嫩叶鞘、茎段、叶片 ,后者能诱导出愈伤组织 ,不能诱导出丛生芽     

番茄高效再生体系的建立

以砧木1号番茄的子叶和下胚轴为外植体进行离体组织培养,研究了IAA和6-BA及NAA和6-BA不同激素配比对外植体诱导不定芽及生根的影响。结果表明:培养基MS+0.2mg/L IAA+1.0mg/L 6-BA为诱导子叶外植体愈伤组织和不定芽的最适培养基,而MS+0.5mg/L IAA+1.0mg/L 6-BA为诱导下胚轴外植体愈伤组织和不定芽的最适培养基;诱导不定芽生根的最佳培养基为MS+0.1mg/L IAA。     

裂叶秋海棠的离体快速繁殖

利用野生裂叶秋海棠叶片及叶柄培养，通过两种方式获得大量再生植株。(1)直接从外植体表面诱导出不定芽，最佳诱导培养基为MS 6-BA 3mg／L，不定芽在培养基MS NAA0．5mg／L 6-BA0．5mg／L增殖成丛生芽．(2)先诱导出愈伤组织，再由愈伤组织分化出大量不定芽．最佳愈伤组织诱导培养基为MS NAA0．5mg／L 2，4-D0．5mg／L 6-BA0．5mg／L,愈伤组织不定芽分化培养基为MS 6-BA 1mg／L,试管苗在含1／5MS无机盐的培养基上生根，之后移栽成活率达85％。     

大丽花组织培养及快繁技术研究

目的探讨适合大丽花离体快繁和再生的外植体类型和激素配比.方法以D6大丽花品种为试材,比较不同类型外植体愈伤组织和芽的分化情况,以及不同激素配比对腋芽和叶片愈伤组织诱导和分化的影响.结果顶芽和带腋芽的茎段在MS+6-BA 3 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L培养基上容易形成丛生芽;刚萌动的腋芽在MS+6-BA 1 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L培养基上出芽率达到81.3%,平均芽数为3.8;叶片在MS+6-BA 3 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L的培养基上不定芽的分化率为37.5%,平均芽数为4.2.结论顶芽和带腋芽茎段是进行离体快繁最适合的外植体,适合刚萌动的腋芽生长和分化的激素配比是6-BA 1 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L,适合叶片分化不定芽的激素配比是6-BA 3 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L.     

康泰凤梨的组织培养与快速繁殖研究

用康泰凤梨的侧芽作外植体进行培养，成功地建立了康泰凤梨的快速繁殖程序．康泰凤梨的侧芽基部切块接种在(1)MS BAl．5mg／L诱导培养基上，形成愈伤组织；愈伤组织在(2)MS BA1．0mg／L IBA0．5mg／L的培养基上诱导丛生芽及进行继代增殖培养，效果较好；不定芽在(3)MS IBA0．5mg／L NAA0．5mg／L的培养基上易生根。健壮的试管苗移栽2个月后，成活率达95％。     

美洲商陆高频再生体系的建立

美洲商陆为商陆科多年生草本植物,在工业、农业和医药上具有很高的应用价值.本实验拟从外植体选择、激素组合、GA3和AgNO3等物质应用角度进行试验,分析各条件对愈伤组织诱导,不定芽分化、伸长以及不定根诱导等方面的影响,旨在构建美洲商陆稳定高效的再生体系.实验结果表明:愈伤组织诱导和不定芽分化的最适外植体为茎节;将无菌苗的上部经诱导培养基转接、壮苗后,再取茎节进行愈伤组织诱导和不定芽分化,可以显著提早不定芽分化、提高芽增殖系数;不定芽诱导分化最佳培养基为MS+6-BA(3.0 mg/L)+NAA(0.01 mg/L)+TDZ(0.02 mg/L),增殖系数达12.7;不定芽伸长的最佳培养基为MS+TDZ(0.02 mg/L)+6-BA(3.0 mg/L)+NAA(0.01 mg/L)+GA3(2.0 mg/L);生根最佳培养基为1/2MS+NAA(0.4 mg/L),生根率可达91.7%以上.AgNO3处理抑制了美洲商陆不定芽的分化.     

青钱柳愈伤组织不定芽诱导技术

以青钱柳成熟种子培养无菌苗,再用无菌苗叶和茎段为外植体进行组织培养,观察了愈伤组织形成及再分化形成不定芽的过程,分析了不同培养基和生长调节物质对青钱柳愈伤组织及不定芽发生的影响。结果表明:(1)MS、WPM和B5培养基均能诱导出愈伤组织,茎段和叶片的诱导率最高分别达到90.00%和86.70%;(2)激素及其浓度对愈伤组织诱导均有显著影响。当加入TDZ质量浓度为0.5 mg/L时,叶愈伤组织诱导率达95.00%;而加入TDZ质量浓度为0.1 mg/L时,茎段诱导率达92.85%;(3)叶愈伤组织在WPM+1.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.1 mg/L IBA的培养基上,不定芽的诱导频率最高,达53.85%,这实现了青钱柳由愈伤组织分化形成不定芽和萌发增殖的过程,但萌发率较低。     

青钱柳愈伤组织不定芽诱导技术

以青钱柳成熟种子培养无菌苗,再用无菌苗叶和茎段为外植体进行组织培养,观察了愈伤组织形成及再分化形成不定芽的过程,分析了不同培养基和生长调节物质对青钱柳愈伤组织及不定芽发生的影响。结果表明:(1)MS、WPM和B5培养基均能诱导出愈伤组织,茎段和叶片的诱导率最高分别达到90.00%和86.70%;(2)激素及其浓度对愈伤组织诱导均有显著影响。当加入TDZ质量浓度为0.5 mg/L时,叶愈伤组织诱导率达95.00%;而加入TDZ质量浓度为0.1 mg/L时,茎段诱导率达92.85%;(3)叶愈伤组织在WPM+1.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.1 mg/L IBA的培养基上,不定芽的诱导频率最高,达53.85%,这实现了青钱柳由愈伤组织分化形成不定芽和萌发增殖的过程,但萌发率较低。     

仙客来愈伤组织诱导和不定芽形成

以仙客来品种"国旗红"成株的叶片和叶柄为外植体,分别接种到MS培养基(Murashige & skoog)+6-苄基嘌呤(BA) 2.0(mg/L,下同)+萘乙酸(NAA) 0.5和1/2MS+BA 2.0+激动素(KT) 0.25+2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸(2,4-D) 0.5两种培养基,研究外植体类型、培养基、切割方式和摆放方法对愈伤组织诱导和不定芽形成的影响.结果表明, 叶片是诱导愈伤组织和形成不定芽的理想外植体;将带主脉的叶片,以反面向上的方法接种到1/2MS+BA 2.0+KT 0.25+2,4-D 0.5中诱导效果最佳,愈伤组织诱导率达100%,不定芽形成率和平均个数分别为66.67%和4.0.此外,对不定芽的继代培养进行研究, 结果表明,不定芽可继代增殖.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the