纳米二氧化硅改性及其在丁基橡胶中的应用

对改性的纳米二氧化硅分别用红外光谱和XPS进行表征,测定大气和氨氛围下硫化胶的交联密度,研究硫化胶的物理交联密度和化学交联密度对力学性能的影响,结果发现,随着纳米二氧化硅填充量的增加,总交联密度增大,当纳米二氧化硅填充量大于1.0%时,物理交联密度增大,化学交联密度开始减小,力学性能提高;当填充量提高至3.5%后,力学性能增至最大,随后开始缓慢降低.     

硫化体系和配合剂对丁腈橡胶／炭黑复合材料导和力学…

将炭黑与丁橡胶混合制备导电复合材料，其中炭黑（Ｎ５５０）／玎腈橡胶电阻率随温度的变化呈一定强度的正温度系数（ＰＴＣ）效应，讨论了不同炭黑填充率、硫化体系、配合剂等对复合材料室温电阻率、ＰＴＣ效应和力学性能的影响。     

炭黑／橡胶涂层复合材料导电性能的研究

本研究了橡胶／炭黑复合材料体系的导电性能。实验指出，其电阻率随温度的变化呈不同强度的正温度系数（ＰＴＣ）效应，讨论了不同炭黑粒子填充率，橡胶基体的性质，炭黑的结构及表面性质，加工工艺和硫化条件等对室温电阻率及ＰＴＣ效应的影响。     

原位生成甲基丙烯酸镁补强天然橡胶的研究

研究了过氧化物硫化体系下,甲基丙烯酸镁(MDMA)、炭黑(CB)／MDMA补强天然橡胶的力学性能和交联密度．利用X射线衍射(XRD)证明了：在天然橡胶混炼过程中,氧化镁(MgO)和甲基丙烯酸(MAA)通过中和反应原位生成甲基丙烯酸镁．研究表明：MDMA和CB／MDMA可以有效地补强天然橡胶．交联密度的测定暗示NR／CB／MDMA和NR／MDMA硫化胶的离子键交联密度有着密切的联系,CB和MDMA的并用导致了离子键交联密度的增加,进而对天然橡胶硫化胶产生了协同补强效果．     

静态热老化对NR硫化胶交联结构及力学性能的影响

研究了老化时间和环境对三种硫化体系的天然橡胶 ( NR)硫化胶的交联结构与力学性能的影响 .结果表明 ,三种 NR硫化胶的交联密度、定伸应力相近 ,多硫键含量最多的 CV体系硫化胶拉伸强度和伸长率最大 ,单硫键含量最大的 EV体系的拉伸强度和伸长率最小 ;有氧和绝氧热老化均使 NR硫化胶中多硫键减少 ,单硫键增加 .未填充的 NR硫化胶 ,其交联密度随热氧老化先增后减 .对于 N330填充的 NR硫化胶 ,有氧和绝氧热老化都使交联密度增加 ,拉伸强度和伸长率降低 ,而定伸应力和硬度增加 ,但 CV体系的性能保持率最低 ,EV体系最高     

炭黑用量和硫化工艺 对工程装备履带用橡胶性能的影响

橡胶履带在工程装备中的应用非常广泛,提升橡胶履带的质量有助于改良工程装备的使用性能,能够保障工程装备在战场上的生存能力和工程装备的作业效率。橡胶履带使用性能最重要的两个参数是硬度和磨耗性能,为了提升工程装备中橡胶履带的硬度和磨耗性能,采用一段硫化法,分别研究了不同梯度的炭黑用量填充橡胶的硬度和磨耗性能、不同梯度的硫化时间和不同梯度的硫化温度对橡胶的硬度和磨耗性能的影响,同时还测试橡胶密度、回弹率、100%定伸应力、300%定伸应力、拉断伸长率和拉伸强度等相关性能。结果表明,炭黑用量在60份时,橡胶的邵尔A硬度值最大,磨耗量最少;硫化时间在30 min时,橡胶的邵尔A硬度达到极大值,磨耗量最少;硫化温度在140 ℃时,橡胶的邵尔A硬度值最大,磨耗量最少。炭黑用量增加,橡胶履带的硬度值越大,磨耗性能越好;硫化温度控制在140 ℃时,橡胶的硬度值和磨耗性能最好;硫化时间控制在30 min时,橡胶的硬度值和磨耗性能最好。因此,橡胶履带中炭黑用量最佳是60份、硫化温度140 ℃和硫化时间30 min,控制好填料用量和硫化工艺能够提升橡胶履带的性能。     

三元乙丙橡胶热氧老化后的力学性能

针对黏贴在火箭发动机壳体内表面作为耐烧蚀隔热保护材料三元乙丙的老化问题,研究了硫磺、含硫化合物、过氧化物等硫化体系对老化性能的影响.利用SEM微观检测手段和宏观力学性能实验研究了过氧化物硫化体系EPDM热氧老化前后的表面形貌、表面组分相对含量、压缩永久变形、压缩应力松弛特性等.研究结果表明:过氧化物硫化体系使EPDM橡胶内生成性能更为稳定的C-C交联键,耐热性能最好;EPDM橡胶的热分解为一步降解,老化前后样品各温度阶段的失重量、全温度范围内总的失重量以及最大热分解温度均无明显差异;通过表面组份分析可知,老化中增塑剂（癸二酸二丁酯）出现了向表面迁移的现象,但没有发生明显的挥发;采用过氧化物硫化体系的EPDM橡胶老化后,压缩永久变形保留率、压缩应力松弛和拉伸强度三种性能均有一定程度的劣化,且老化温度越高,变化程度越大.      

静态热老化对NR硫化胶交联结构及力学性能的影响

研究了老化时间和环境对三种硫化体系的天然橡胶(NR)硫化胶的交联结构与力学性能的影响．结果表 明,三种NR硫化胶的交联密度相近,定伸应力相近,多硫键含量最多的CV体系硫化胶拉伸强度和伸长率最大,单 硫键含量最大的Ev体系的拉伸强度和伸长率最小;有氧和绝氧热老化均使NR硫化胶中多硫键减少、单硫键增 加．未填充的NR硫化胶,其交联密度随热氧老化先增后减．对于N330填充的NR硫化胶,有氧和绝氧热老化都使 交联密度增加、拉伸强度和伸长率降低,而定伸应力和硬度增加,但CV体系的性能保持率最低,EV体系最高．     

基于炭黑填充导电橡胶的温度传感器工作原理

文章给出了炭黑填充导电橡胶(导电炭黑/橡胶)的"正电阻-温度系数"(positive temperature coefficient of resistance,PTCR)近似计算方程;采用该方程并结合形变和电阻率对PTCR效应的影响程度,分析了温度敏感导电炭黑/橡胶的工作原理。结果表明:基体的体积膨胀导致炭黑体积分数被稀释的过程对PTCR效应存在重要影响,基体的体积膨胀导致材料几何外形的改变对PTCR效应无显著影响;此外,当导电炭黑/橡胶分别用于温度传感和压力传感时,其工作原理不同,用于温度传感时,其工作原理仅为炭黑填料体积分数的被稀释而导致的材料电阻率的变化。     

炭黑类填充料对氢化丁腈橡胶的导电性能的影响

对炭黑类（乙炔炭黑及快压出炭黑）填充氢化丁腈橡胶（HNBR）的导电性能进行了研究.探讨了电阻率与炭黑填充量的变化规律,分析了氢化丁腈橡胶的导电机理,同时对导电氢化丁腈橡胶的物理机械性能进行了研究与测定.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.