新疆白干湖钨锡矿流体包裹体特征及成因

白干湖钨锡矿床位于新疆祁漫塔格加里东褶皱带的转折部位,是东昆仑西段1个较好的钨锡(金)矿区,对白干湖矿区主成矿阶段形成的含黑钨矿石英脉中发育的包裹体进行岩相学及测温研究.研究结果表明:矿区主要发育3类包裹体:气液两相水溶液包裹体(I)、水溶液-CO2三相包裹体(Ⅱ)以及纯CO2两相包裹体(Ⅲ);Ⅰ型包裹体液相组分主要为NaCl水溶液,含少量KCl,其均一温度变化范围为160-310℃,盐度为1.82％～16.43％;Ⅱ型水溶液-CO2三相包裹体气相组分含有CO2及CH4等组分,均一温度为247～320℃,w(NaCl)为2.8％～9.4％;Ⅲ型CO2两相包裹体含量较少,均一温度为19.8～27.7℃;白干湖钨锡矿床成矿流体为中低盐度、中高温的NaCl-H2O-CO2体系.在成矿过程中,由于温度及压力降低,流体发生相分离成为较高盐度的水溶液流体和较低盐度的富CO2流体,钨锡成矿物质趋向于富集在中高盐度水溶液相中,并导致白干湖钨锡矿的成矿作用.     

青海德合龙洼铜金矿床成矿流体特征

通过流体包裹体岩相学、显微测温学和包裹体稀土元素分析,研究青海德合龙洼铜金矿床成矿流体性质和演化.研究结果表明;流体包裹体主要为气液两相包裹体,另有少量液相包裹体;包裹体气相成分主要以H2O和CO2为主.流体包裹体的均一温度为327～367℃,流体盐度为3.4%-6.4%,流体密度为0.55～0.88 g/cm3,为中高温、低盐度、中等密度和中等压力的成矿流体;石英和黄铁矿包裹体中,轻稀土富集,重稀土亏损,具有负铕异常.     

粤北302铀矿床成矿机制探讨——来自流体包裹体的证据

在对粤北302铀矿床岩相学研究的基础上,划分矿物生成世代,并对成矿期流体包裹体进行岩相学观察,得出成矿期流体包裹体主要有三种类型,按其成分划分为盐水包裹体、含CO2三相包裹体、纯CO2包裹体。盐水包裹体冰点温度为-0.8~-3.4℃,均一温度为106~254℃,盐度为2.39%~5.55%wtNa Cl equiv;含CO2三相包裹体充填度为20%~90%,均一温度为198~354℃,盐度为3.76%~9.24%wtNa Cl equiv;纯CO2包裹体均一温度为17.8~22.1℃。流体包裹体岩相学观察结合显微测温数据说明成矿流体经历过沸腾作用,其成矿温度大约在250℃,压力约为(1.0~1.1)×108Pa,流体沸腾作用可能是导致302铀矿床成矿的重要机制。     

甘肃干沙鄂博稀土矿床成矿介质演化过程:来自包裹体的信息

在矿床地质研究基础上,通过对石英、萤石、方解石中流体包裹体岩相学、显微测温分析,对甘肃省干沙鄂博稀土矿床成矿流体的特征、演化及成矿机理进行了讨论.结果表明:矿床中发育大量包裹体,按室温下的成分相态特征,将其分为熔体包裹体、流体-熔体包裹体、气液H2O包裹体、气液CO2包裹体、CO2-H2O包裹体和含子矿物的气液H2O包裹体、含子矿物的CO2-H2O包裹体等7种类型.在成矿过程中,包裹体组合从熔体包裹体→流体-熔体包裹体+流体包裹体→流体包裹体的变化,反映了成矿介质经历了从岩浆→岩浆+热液→热液的演化过程.在岩浆-热液成矿期,流体-熔体包裹体大量存在,以及富H2O相CO2-H2O包裹体与富cO2相CO2-H2O包裹体密切共生,表明成矿时曾经发生两次不混溶作用,早期岩浆-热液不混溶作用导致萤石和REE-氟碳酸盐的晶出,而CO2-H2O不混溶作用引起了硫化物的沉淀.     

桂东珊瑚钨锡矿床流体包裹体研究

珊瑚钨锡矿床是一处典型的大型云英岩型钨锡矿床,通过包裹体显微测温得到如下结论:(1)珊瑚矿区包裹类型较简单,主要是富液相两相包裹体,少量的纯液相包裹体,而次生包裹体多成群分布;(2)包裹体的变化温度范围为190~260℃,冰点温度为-3~-5℃,盐度变化介于7%~11%之间,流体密度为0.760~0.945 g/cm3,由此可推断该成矿流体为中温低盐度热液;(3)根据均一温度-盐度散点图可知,成矿物质的沉淀富集与成矿流体的沸腾有关,且受到外来水的影响。     

德兴斑岩铜矿成矿流体演化与来源的流体包裹体研究

主要研究了德兴斑岩铜矿床不同期次脉石英及花岗闪长斑岩石英斑晶中流体包覆体的特征，测定了流体包裹体的均一温度和冰点，估算了成矿流体的盐度、密度等参数．结合花岗闪长斑岩与石英脉中石英氢氧同位素数据的讨论分析，对流体的演化过程和来源进行了探讨．研究表明花岗闪长斑岩石英斑晶中的包裹体代表了岩浆流体的特征，石英脉中的包裹体记录了岩浆流体演化成成矿流体的特征。研究证实成矿流体主要由岩浆流体而来，成矿流体演化晚期有大气降水的加入。     

特提斯喜马拉雅构造带东段拉琼锑金矿床流体包裹体特征及地质意义

拉琼锑金矿床位于青藏高原南部的特提斯喜马拉雅构造带东段,印度河-雅鲁藏布江缝合带与藏南拆离系断裂带之间。为了探讨拉琼锑金矿床的沉淀机制以及成矿作用过程,对流体包裹体的岩相学、成矿温度以及成分进行研究。结果表明:流体包裹体类型分为富液H_2O两相包裹体(Ⅰa)、富气H_2O两相包裹体(Ⅰb)、含CO_2-H_2O三相包裹体(Ⅱ类)、纯液相H_2O包裹(Ⅲ类),同一视域内可见CO_2-H_2O三相包裹体和H_2O两相包裹体共存。从早期到晚期各阶段流体特征发生一系列变化,平均均一温度分别为259.4℃、206.8℃、170.0℃、120.1℃,盐度(NaCl质量分数)分别为3.87%～8.41%、2.07%～8.23%、2.07%～7.45%、1.91%～4.35%,估算的密度整体为0.79～1.05g/cm~3,平均成矿压力为27.8MPa,平均成矿深度为2.78km。激光拉曼光谱分析表明成矿流体成分以H_2O、CO_2以及CO_3~(2-)为主,有少量CH_4、HS~-。综合推断拉琼锑金矿床是流体混合作用和冷却降温作用共同形成的中低温、低盐度、中-浅成的矿床,其成矿作用过程可能与特提斯喜马拉雅构造带的穹隆与断裂带密切相关。     

广东长坑-富湾金、银矿床流体地球化学特征及其意义

在广东长坑－富湾金、银矿床的金矿石矿物中观察到单相盐水溶液包裹体和两相盐水溶液包裹体，银矿石矿物中除此还有单相气体包裹体和两相气液包裹体。测得包裹体均一温度：金矿128－200℃，银矿在185－280℃之间，均为中一低温；包裹体盐度：金矿6．0％－9．5％（NaCl，个别高于10％），银矿6．0％－8．2％（NaCl）和9．7％－15．9％（NaCl,个别低于6％）；包裹体密度：金矿0．878－0．991g/cm^3，银矿0．833－1．018g/cm^3；成矿压力在27．0－31．0MPa左右，银矿化较金矿化高；金矿成矿流体属K－Na-Cl型，银矿是Na-Ca-Cl型，它们的流体成分不同于现代海底喷流和海水环境中的成矿流体；NaCl-H2O体系的T－S－D相图反映金、银矿床的成矿流体介于临界和饱和曲线之间；金矿成矿流体介质水为大气降水或建造水，银矿的成矿流体水是大气降水与火山－岩浆水的混合水。说明长坑－富湾金、银矿成矿不是在海盆中由热水沉积作用形成的，而是热液交代作用的产物；成矿流体属亚临界、中－低温、中－低盐度的高密度流体，要形成如此大规模金、银矿床，成矿系统必须是开放的热液环流机制。     

广西九毛锡矿床矿物包裹体及成矿机理研究

从矿床地质、矿物组合和矿物包裹体等方面对九毛锡矿床的研究表明,成矿温度为160～405℃,压力约340～500bar,盐度为4.8～29.6wt%。成矿流体的同位素组成:氢同位素-43～-53‰、氧同位素2.94～7.53‰、总硫硫同位素-7.58～1.05‰,具岩浆水和混合硫源的特征。成矿流体沸腾作用是锡石沉淀和富矿石形成的重要机理。     

吉南白山市板庙子金矿床成矿流体研究

板庙子金矿是老岭成矿带上近年来发现的大型隐伏矿床.为研究成矿流体的性质及元素沉淀机制,运用显微测温、激光拉曼探针技术,对其矿物的流体包裹体进行系统研究.实验结果表明:1)流体包裹体类型主要为气液两相包裹体,其次为富气相包裹体、纯液相包裹体;2)均一温度变化范围在113~355℃之间,成矿流体盐度为0.87~7.85wt%(NaCl),密度为0.60~1.0g/cm3;3)气体成分主要为H2O、CO2.研究结果表明初始成矿流体为中低温,低密度,气体成分以H2O、CO2为主的流体,成矿过程中与变质流体等的混合是其成矿的主要机制;该矿床为受层位与断裂共同控矿、早期有岩浆活动的浅成低温热液金矿床.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.