三维铁碳微电解预处理垃圾渗滤液的试验研究

采用三维铁碳微电解法对高浓度的垃圾渗滤液进行预处理实验,以COD、NH_3-N、色度的去除率为主要指标,静态实验条件下,采用单因素控制方法,考察电解反应时间、电解电压、曝气量、水力停留时间、极板正负交换周期5个因素对处理垃圾渗滤液效果的影响。结果表明电解反应时间为100 min、电解电压为30 V、曝气量为2 000 L/h、水力停留时间为2.33 h、极板正负交换周期为50 s时,COD、NH_3-N、色度的去除效果最好。     

微电解-Fenton-MAP沉淀法处理垃圾渗滤液的试验研究

采用了微电解-Fenton氧化-磷酸铵镁(MAP)沉淀联合处理垃圾渗滤液.试验结果表明:在HRT为80 min,pH为3.5时,微电解对垃圾渗滤液CODCr的去除率达到29.9%;微电解后的出水经Fenton进一步氧化,在pH为3,H2O2的投加量为13g/L,反应时间为25 min时,其CODCr的去除率可达81.3%;微电解-Fenton氧化后的出水再经MAP沉淀法处理,在pH为9,反应时间为25 min时,NH3-N的去除率达95%.微电解-Fenton氧化-MAP沉淀组合工艺处理垃圾渗滤液,其CODCr的总去除率达86.6%,NH3-N的总去除率达99.5%.     

铁碳内电解预处理电镀废水的试验研究

通过改变初始pH值、曝气搅拌时间、混凝pH值和铁碳比等条件,研究了铁碳内电解对电镀废水的处理效果。试验结果表明：当原水初始pH值为3.0,曝气搅拌时间为45min,混凝pH值为8.5,铁碳比为1:1时,电镀废水中色度平均去除率达90%以上,化学需氧量（COD）去除率最高可达41%。     

三维电极-铁碳微电解复合工艺处理垃圾渗滤液的动静态试验对比研究

探索三维电催化微电解集成设备、利用三维电催化微电解技术,以国际公认的难处理废水垃圾渗滤液为预处理对象,通过动态、静态单因素试验,分析三维电催化微电解集成设备预处理前后,渗滤液中COD、氨氮和色度三项指标的变化。从电解电压、极板正负交换周期、曝气量、渗滤液流量和电解时间5种影响因子角度,分析并确定试制的集成设备最佳运行条件,达到为后续处理工艺减轻压力,降低单位废水量的处理成本,降低污染等目的。试验结果显示电压梯度在25~30 V时、极板正负交换周期控制在30 s、曝气总量梯度在2 000 L/h、流量控制在30 L/h、电解时间90 min左右时,COD去除率可达41%、氨氮去除率可达24%、色度去除率可达60%,系统对污染物去除率较高。     

微电解—UV/Fenton法组合预处理印染废水研究

以厦门某印染企业的生产废水为研究对象,采用微电解—UV/Fenton法进行了印染废水预处理的试验研究.通过正交实验得到了微电解反应的最佳条件:pH值为2,铁碳质量比为2,反应时间为90min,曝气量为32L/min.处理后色度去除率可达到90%以上,CODCr去除率在65%左右.向微电解反应的出水中投入双氧水进行UV/Fenton反应,双氧水(质量分数为30%)最佳投入量为20mL/L,处理后色度可降至10倍以内,CODCr可降至600mg/L左右.通过预处理的印染废水可生化性能得到大大提高,B/C由处理前的0.34提高到0.62.     

DSD酸生产废水治理技术的研究

采用铁碳曝气-催化氧化-中和絮凝沉淀法作为DSD酸生产废水的处理工艺,实验结果表明:经该工艺处理后,色度和COD去除率分别达98%和90%以上,废水的可生化性(BOD5/CODCr=0.30～0.35)明显改善,减轻了后续生化处理的有机负荷,为后续生化处理创造了良好的条件;废水经铁碳曝气处理后,pH值有较大的提高,同时产生较多的Fe2+,可省去酸和FeSO4的投加量,降低运行费用。     

钙硅材料处理垃圾渗滤液的实验研究

垃圾渗滤液水质成分复杂,有机物浓度高,处理难度大,垃圾渗滤液的预处理能降低后续处理的有机负荷。文中研究钙硅材料对垃圾渗滤液的预处理,探讨钙硅材料投加量、振荡时间及添加絮凝剂对处理效果的影响。结果表明,增加投加量与延长振荡时间有利于去除垃圾渗滤液中的有机污染物;当钙硅材料的投加量为100 g/L,振荡时间为24 h,对垃圾渗滤液中Mn、Pb、Ni、Zn、As、Fe的去除率分别为100%、100%、89%、87%、54%、99%;TOC和CODCr的去除率均超过55%,氨氮、色度及总磷的去除率分别为30%、97%、99%。此外,利用阳离子型有机絮凝剂、无机低分子絮凝剂与钙硅材料复合处理垃圾渗滤液均可提高CODCr的去除率,其中与硫酸铝复合处理的效果最好。     

三维电极-电Fenton法去除垃圾渗滤液中有机物

采用三维电极-电Fenton法处理垃圾渗滤液,考察了垃圾渗滤液中有机物去除的影响因素及处理效果,优化了实验条件,并探讨了有机物的降解机理。结果表明,电流密度、极板间距、初始pH、Fe²⁺投加量、曝气量等参数对垃圾渗滤液中化学需氧量(COD)和总有碳量(TOC)的去除率均有一定的影响,其最佳运行参数为：电流密度57.1mA/cm²、极板间距10cm、初始pH为4.0、Fe²⁺ 投加量1mmol/L、曝气量0.2m³/h,在此条件下,COD和TOC的去除率分别达80.80%和73.26%。气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)定性分析结果显示,电解对垃圾渗滤液中芳烃、烷烃、羧酸、酯类等主要有机物具有很好的去除效果,可生化性(BOD5/COD)从电解前的0.125增大到0.486,有利于后续的生化处理。     

微波等离子体强化内电解降解活性艳蓝 KN-R染料溶液

采用微波等离子体强化内电解技术处理活性艳蓝KN-R溶液．考察活性炭、铁屑、体积比为1：1的铁碳混合物在单纯反复内电解(吸附)和微波等离子体再生反复内电解(吸附)中的脱色率和CODCr去除率。结果表明：铁碳混合物反复微波再生利用四次,脱色率仅下降了3．92％,CODCr去除率也仅下降了8．03％．比同等条件下的单独活性炭和单独铁屑都要好。从SEM分析上可以看到．经过微波等离子体再生处理．活性炭内部孔隙增大,铁屑表面遍及峰窝状凹孔,比表面积增大．内电解效率提高。     

内电解法处理麦草浆造纸中段废水试验研究

利用正交试验确定内电解法处理草浆造纸中段废水的主要影响因素顺序及其最优水平组合为废水的pH值为4.37,铁屑量(V)/原水量(V)为13%,反应时间为1.5 h,焦炭量(V)/铁屑量(V)为1.0.在正交实验基础上,通过动态优化实验研究确定了内电解系统最佳工艺运行条件,在曝气且将原水pH值调节至4.0左右,反应停留时间为2.0 h的条件下,内电解反应的CODCr去除率可达到65%以上,色度的去除率可达到50%左右.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.