反馈控制系统的参数化及应用

本文采用多项式矩阵分式表示法,给出了多变量单位反馈控制系统的参数化描述.该参数化保证了控制器传函为真,而且自由参数直接作为控制器的参数,从而便于指导设计.文中还提出了实现极点配置或使得闭环系统有指定分母矩阵的控制器的设计算法,它可使得被设计的控制器除实现极点或闭环分母矩阵配置以外,尚具有其它的功能.     

广义系统输出反馈镇定与零点配置

研究了线性时不变广义系统的输出反馈镇定与零点配置问题。首先从状态空间角度出发,利用双互质分解方法得到输出反馈镇定控制器的参数化形式。然后从频域角度,在保证广义闭环系统容许的条件下,研究闭环系统的零点配置问题,给出了系统具有不同零点的配置方法。最后通过数值算例证明了所提方法的有效性。     

基于广义逆理论的匹域极点配置研究

在控制理论及应用领域中,区域极点配置一直是控制系统设计的重要方法之一。该文针对线连续及离散时间系统提出了一种统一的基于广义逆理论的圆形区域极点配置方法,即设计状态反馈控制器,使闭环极点位于给定的圆状区域中。文中给出了期望控制器存在的充要条件及其参数代化数表示。     

鲁棒极点配置方法

研究一类线性多变量系统的鲁棒极点配置问题，提出了一种基于极点配置和目标函数优化的鲁棒极点配置方法。基本思想是，利用极点配置的参数化表示结果，以系统输出的Ｌ∞范数作为极点配置寻优的准则函数，通过解优化问题的途径确定极点配置问题中的自由参数。     

基于输出反馈的区域极点配置

该文研究输出反馈情形下线性定常连续及离散系统区域极点配置的统一代数刻划问题,即利用完全参数化方法,设计输出反馈控制器,使闭环极点配置于指定圆形区域内。     

鲁棒极点配置方法

研究一类线性多变量系统的鲁棒极点配置问题，提出了一种基于极点配置和目标函数优化的鲁棒极点配置方法，基本思想是，利用极点配置的参数化表示结果，以系统输出的Ｌ∞范数作为极点配置寻优的准则函数，通过解优化问题的途径确定极点配置问题中的自由参数。     

基于闭环稳定约束的不稳定对象PID解析控制

利用有理函数逼近纯滞后 ,针对一类典型不稳定对象推导了 PID控制器整定公式 .与经典鲁棒控制设计方法不同 ,文中不是利用控制对象互质分解 ,而是根据闭环系统稳定性约束寻找满足要求的控制器集合 .通过对最优灵敏度函数求解解析地推导出 PID控制器的结构和参数 ,得到的结果非常简单 .     

输电线巡检机器人位姿变化的柔性关节控制策略

为降低输电线巡检机器人的柔性关节输出速度的波动程度，采用极点配置方法设计柔性关节伺服驱动系统控制器参数.该参数的选择随机器人位姿变化而变化，从而使机器人柔性关节伺服驱动系统能够获得平稳的输出速度.首先建立了机器人柔性关节伺服驱动系统动力学方程，并求得电机转速到电机电磁转矩的传递函数；接下来将PI控制策略应用于柔性关节伺服控制，求得控制系统闭环传递函数；然后采用相同阻尼系数的极点配置策略设计控制器参数；最后开展了巡检机器人越障情况下变位姿工况的柔性关节控制实验，结果说明可通过适当选择极点配置参数使柔性关节获得良好的输出速度.     

参数不确定系统的多目标鲁棒PID控制器设计

针对具有参数不确定性的连续时间系统,提出了一种多目标鲁棒PID控制器的设计方法.利用环路成形思想,通过状态空间参数化方法,把闭环系统同时满足H2,H∞性能和极点位置配置的多目标综合问题转化为线性矩阵不等式的优化问题,从而使得PID控制器的参数可通过MATLAB的LMI工具箱解一组线性不等式组来获得.数值例子阐述了PID参数的镇定过程,仿真结果说明了所提方法的有效性和优越性.     

圆盘区域极点约束鲁棒非脆弱控制

针对一类参数不确定线性系统,研究了具有圆盘区域极点约束的状态反馈鲁棒非脆弱控制器设计问题。系统中的参数不确定性满足范数有界条件,设计的非脆弱控制器具有加性和乘性不确定项。基于线性矩阵不等式(LMI),提出了将闭环系统极点配置到指定圆盘区域的状态反馈鲁棒非脆弱控制器存在的充分条件。然后利用G辅助变量替换技术拓展了圆盘极点配置的线性矩阵不等式(LMI)条件,提出保守度较低的状态反馈非脆弱控制器设计方法。数值仿真例子验证了给出的控制器设计方法的可行性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the