二束飞秒脉冲对O_2分子转动波包的适时控制

为了确定最佳延迟时间,更加有效控制分子转动波包。通过数值求解O2分子在脉冲激光作用下的薛定谔方程,研究了O2分子在飞秒激光作用下的转动波包特征。计算结果表明,在分子转动波包的第1个恢复周期附近,根据取向参数变化率,加上具有恰当延迟时间的第2束激光脉冲,能极大地提高分子取向,从而改变波包的转动特征;同样,在分子转动波包的二分之一恢复周期附近,根据取向参数变化率,加上具有恰当延迟时间的第2束激光脉冲,能极大地降低分子取向,从而有效抑制分子转动波包。在激光强度不变的情况下,只要同时改变二束激光的脉冲宽度,适时控制延迟时间,能进一步提高分子取向,从而有效控制分子转动波包。     

直流电纵向激励机械调Q CO2激光器的动力学分析

用一种快速斩波器实现简单直流电纵向激励CO₂激光的机械Q调制. 产生了峰值功率为1~2 kW、 重复频率为740 Hz、 单脉冲宽度为200~300 ns的激光脉冲. 用六温度模型模拟该机械调Q CO₂激光器Q调制的动力学过程, 分析了CO₂分子分解为CO分子比率、 腔内放电电子密度(放电电流)对输出脉冲强度的影响, 并计算了Q转换输出脉冲线形、 脉冲峰值功率及脉冲宽度, 理论计算分析与实验结果相符.      

高能脉冲激光作用下材料表面温度场

以激光材料处理为背景,通过在高能脉冲激光照射下材料表面温度变化的实际研究,测量了在这种高能量、短脉冲、温度变化率极大的情况下材料表面的温升速率和温度变化规律,并且结合实验条件对２种不同的导热模型进行了数值模拟。实验结果显示当激光脉冲宽度较大时,实验结果和傅立叶导热模型的计算结果很吻合。随着激光脉冲宽度的减小,实验结果逐渐偏离傅立叶导热模型,而与双曲导热模型比较接近,同时出现了“二次升温”等非常规现     

整形飞秒激光耦合静电场导致的分子取向增强研究

为了进一步提高分子在复合场中的取向度,提出采用整形飞秒激光耦合静电场取向分子.飞秒激光采用3次方相位调制整形,整形后的激光脉冲类似于缓慢上升快速下降的激光脉冲,但是与后者相比,整形后的激光场更加利于分子取向,能够有效提高分子取向度.这种脉冲上升沿变化导致的取向增强有助于进一步分析复合场的取向机制,并且改变整形参数、电场强度和分子转动温度,可以进一步提高分子取向度.     

kHz 脉冲分子束的产生及其在强场原子分子物理实验中的应用

采用悬臂压电脉冲阀, 制备出最高重复频率达到3 kHz 的脉冲分子束。通过测量氮气分子束在飞秒激光作用下隧道电离生成的N2 +(B-X)荧光光谱, 对脉冲阀的性能做了表征。这种kHz 脉冲分子束搭配kHz 飞秒激光器, 将推动飞秒强激光驱动的原子分子动力学实验研究。     

紫外波长光成丝在大气中传输时的激光脉冲宽度研究

文章用数值模拟方法研究了脉冲宽度对紫外激光丝在大气中传输的影响.248 nm波长的紫外激光在空气中能够形成光丝的脉冲宽度达到4 ns,比红外波长激光的脉冲宽度高3个数量级.在大气中可以利用长达几个纳秒的紫外脉冲激光在1 TW/cm2的功率下实现长距离的激光丝传输.在适当的长脉冲宽度情况下,可以用不含时间的稳态麦克斯韦波动方程来研究激光丝传输,研究了脉冲宽度的范围.模拟计算选取3种波长,比较了激光丝在氮气中传输的情况,说明了这些激光脉宽依赖于光束的功率.     

ZrO2光学薄膜的激光热冲击效应

计算了薄膜在高功率脉冲激光作用下截面温度场和应力分布场,分析了热冲击在光学薄膜激光损伤中的作用,并用调Q1.06um脉冲激光对ZrO2单层薄膜损伤,讨论了不同激光强度下薄膜截面温度场与应力场分布,揭示了热冲击在ZrO2单层膜损伤中的机理和过程。     

不同啁啾调制对光谱连续区的影响

利用啁啾场调控激光波形,理论研究了不同啁啾场对高次谐波光谱的影响. 结果表明：当采用对称中间啁啾调控时,谐波截止能量的延伸及光谱连续区来自于激光中间区域. 当采用不对称负向啁啾调控时,谐波截止能量的延伸及光谱连续区来自于激光下降区域. 虽然,谐波截止能量在不同啁啾调控下都可以得到延伸,但是,不对称负向啁啾场下光谱连续区的强度要比对称中间啁啾场下光谱连续区强度高2个数量级. 最后,通过叠加光谱连续区上的谐波可以获得2个脉宽在38 as的单个阿秒脉冲. 并且,负向啁啾场下获得脉冲强度要比对称中间啁啾场下获得脉冲强度高2个数量级.     

飞秒激光脉冲倍频的实验研究

利用2mmKDP晶体对中心波长790nm、脉冲宽度75fs、晶体表面强度约1011W/cm2的超短超强激光脉冲进行了倍频实验研究。通过对基频脉冲能量及频率啁啾的优化,可以获得高于40%的能量转化效率。观测了基频脉冲频率啁啾对倍频光产生的影响,发现激光脉冲啁啾为零时对应的倍频转化效率最高;对于相同的光栅相对位置,正啁啾基频脉冲的倍频转化效率高于负啁啾。     

强脉冲激光烧蚀铝靶深度历史的蒸发凝结法模拟

为避免考虑强脉冲激光烧蚀过程涉及的复杂物理问题,提出一种用蒸发和凝结理论计算烧蚀坑深度历史的方法。给出了一定靶面压力和温度历史下的烧蚀深度历史计算公式,分析了脉冲宽度对计算准确度的影响。用该方法计算了脉宽为20 ns,波长为1.06μm,峰值强度为500 MW/cm2的脉冲激光烧蚀铝靶过程中光斑中心靶面烧蚀深度的历史,计算结果与文献符合良好。激光脉宽越长,该计算方法越有效。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.