分布式光纤振动检测系统信号后处理算法研究

针对基于相位敏感的分布式振动检测系统在实际工程应用中存在的容易受到环境噪声影响的问题,对系统信号进行滤波算法理论模拟及现场实验验证。结果表明,通过对原始信号进行高通滤波后差分及平均处理,能够有效地除去环境中大幅值、低频、周期性的噪声信号,系统信噪比提高50%,检测效果增强。     

低信噪比下语音断点检测算法的改进研究

传统的端点检测在信噪比较高的环境下可以有效的对语音进行端点检测,但是在低信噪比环境下端点检测的正确率急剧下降。针对在低信噪比环境下语音端点检测正确率不高的问题,提出一种将调制域谱减法和对数能量子带谱熵相结合的的端点检测算法。该算法首先利用调制域谱减法去除带噪语音的噪声以提高语音信号的信噪比,然后结合对数能量和子带谱熵算法对消噪后的语音信号进行端点检测。实验仿真结果表明,该算法在低信噪比环境下能有效提高语音端点检测的正确率且具有一定的稳健性。     

基于压缩感知过程的语音增强

压缩感知(compressive sensing,CS)是一种基于信号稀疏性的采样方法,可以有效提取信号中所包含的信息。该文提出了一种基于CS过程的语音增强新算法。算法利用语音在离散余弦变换(discrete cosine transform,DCT)域下的稀疏性,采用Hadamard矩阵对带噪语音进行压缩测量,通过改进的正交匹配跟踪(orthogonal matching pursuit,OMP)算法恢复语音信号,实现语音增强。与经典谱减法和子空间算法进行实验对比分析,结果表明:该算法在降噪性能上优于经典谱减法和子空间算法。     

低信噪比下语音端点检测算法的改进研究

传统的端点检测在信噪比较高的环境下可以有效地对语音进行端点检测,但是在低信噪比环境下端点检测的正确率急剧下降。针对在低信噪比环境下语音端点检测正确率不高的问题,提出一种将调制域谱减法和对数能量子带谱熵相结合的的端点检测算法;该算法首先利用调制域谱减法去除带噪语音的噪声以提高语音信号的信噪比,然后结合对数能量和子带谱熵算法对消噪后的语音信号进行端点检测。实验仿真结果表明,该算法在低信噪比环境下能有效提高语音端点检测的正确率且具有一定的稳健性。     

声纳探测信号自适应脉冲噪声对消算法

针对浅海环境噪声严重影响声纳探测信号检测性能的问题,提出了一种非线性变换的自适应脉冲噪声对消算法。算法首先对回波信号和参考通道噪声信号同时进行非线性变换,对脉冲噪声进行软阈值滤波,在此基础上,采用最小均方误差算法实现自适应噪声对消,可获得稳健的收敛性能。α-稳定分布脉冲噪声条件下的仿真和某次实验中的声纳探测回波信号处理证明了算法的有效性。     

基于EEMD和改进功率谱熵的船舶轴频电场检测

为了提高强海洋背景噪声中对微弱的船舶轴频电场信号的检测性能,提出了一种基于集合经验模态分解(EEMD)和窄带功率谱能量峰值熵比(EPER)特征的检测算法.首先,利用EEMD方法从含噪信号中分解出一组有效固有模态函数(IMF),并对其功率谱进行子区间划分;其次,定义并计算了各子区间的一种改进功率谱熵特征——EPER;最后,通过分析轴频信号和环境噪声物理特征上的差异,结合K-均值聚类方法进行线谱子区间的提取,继而进行滑动检测.选用实测数据,与小波包熵滤波算法、小波阈值去噪算法、特征频段功率谱算法进行对比,处理结果表明所提算法具有更好的自适应性和检测性能.     

低信噪比下的端点检测算法研究

语音端点检测是语音处理分析过程中的一个重要组成部分,针对方差法在低信噪比下对语音信号端点检测准确率低的问题,本文提出一种子带频带方差法和谱减法相结合的检测算法,算法中采用多窗谱估计改进谱减法对河南方言语音进行降噪处理,并将得到的信号的子带频带方差进行端点检测.用Matlab进行仿真验证了此方法在端点检测中的准确性,该方法降低了河南方言语音处理的时间,为进一步提取河南方言语音识别特征参数提供了条件.     

基于多带谱减法的生物雷达语音增强方法研究

传统麦克风采集语音信号存在一定的局限性,如不能长距离获取语音、抗噪声性能弱、方向性差等。为了克服传统麦克风存在的缺点,采用一种新型的雷达式麦克风来获取语音。然而采用生物雷达获取的语音信号存在着较强的电磁噪声和环境噪声;因此,采用多频带谱减法对生物雷达语音信号进行了增强。与传统语音增强方法的对比结果表明,这种多带谱减法针对性强、效果较好。     

强噪声背景下微弱核脉冲信号提取方法

针对强噪声背景下,微弱核脉冲信号的幅度与发生时刻信息检测存在困难的问题,提出一种基于Gabor变换及稀疏表示的核脉冲信号提取方法.首先利用Gabor变换根据样本信号构建单核脉冲信号表示字典;其次采用K-SVD算法消除因不同探测器和噪声引起的Gabor基函数的差异,构建完备字典,将其用于表征淹没在噪声中的有用信号,通过改进的OMP算法重构信号达到抑制噪声的目的,实现微弱核脉冲信号的提取.为验证该方法的可行性和有效性,利用CsI(Tl)探测器测量得到的实际核脉冲信号和仿真数据进行实验,结果表明,所提出算法恢复的核脉冲信号幅度和峰值发生时刻误差小于传统的Salley-Key最优平滑滤波和Kalman滤波算法.     

基于Duffing混沌振子的微弱泥浆脉冲信号提取研究

针对无线随钻测量中泥浆脉冲信号信噪比大、有用信号提取难的问题,本文首先对泥浆脉冲信号的组成成份进行了分析,然后将Duffing混沌振子算法应用到了泥浆脉冲信号的提取上.由于Duffing混沌振子算法具备对初值敏感、对噪声具有较好的抵抗力等优点,所以在检测微弱泥浆脉冲信号时能够表现出良好的效果,从而实现对微弱泥浆脉冲信号的提取.该算法能满足工程应用的要求,可为泥浆脉冲信号提取提供新的思路.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.